考题
共用题干
The Industrial Age and EmploymentThe industrial age has been the only period of human history in which most people's work has taken the form of jobs.The industrial age may now be coming to an end,and some of the changes in work patterns which it brought about may have to be reversed.This seems a daunting（大胆的）thought. But, in fact, it could offer the prospect of a better future for work.Universal employment,as its history shows,has not meant economic freedom.Employment became widespread when the enclosures of the 17th and 18th centuries made many people dependent on paid work by depriving（剥夺）them of the use of the land,and thus of the means to provide a living for themselves.Then the factory system destroyed the cottage industries and removed work from people's homes.Later,as transport improved, first by rail and then by road, people commuted（乘车往返）longer distances to their places of employment until,eventually,many people's work lost all connection with their home lives and the places in which they lived.Meanwhile,employment put women at a disadvantage.In pre-industrial times,men and women had shared the productive work of the household and village community.Now it became customary(惯例的）for the husband to go out to paid employment, leaving the unpaid work of the home and family to his wife.Tax and benefit regulations still assume this norm today,and restrict more flexible sharing of work roles between the sexes.It was not only women whose work status suffered.As employment became the dominant form of work,young people and old people were excluded-a problem now,asmore teenagers become frustrated at school and more retired people want to live active lives. All this may now have to change.The time has certainly come to switch some efforts and resources away from the utopian（乌托邦的）goal of creating jobs for all, to the urgent practical task of helping many people to manage without full-time jobs. Improved transport enabled people to travel longer distances to their work places.A:Right B:Wrong C:Not mentioned答案：A解析：
考题
单选题What does the “great difficulty which hinders all the higher types of human effort” mean?A
Prolonged and fixed routine work in the apprenticeship period.B
The young employee’s seldom sees the president of the company.C
Universities’ failure to get young people ready for future work.D
Young men having to obey orders in the early stage of their work.正确答案：C解析：句意推测题。作者在提出“阻碍人们做出更大努力的一个难题”后，分析了漫长的“学徒期”对于年轻人想像力的不良影响，且得出的结论也是如此。故“难题”指的就是这种不良的传统。
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问答题Some critics say that sending children to school at the age of four does not work.正确答案：解析：
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People have speculated for centuries about a future without work.Today is no different，with academics，writers，and activists once again 1 that technology is replacing human workers.Some imagine that the coming work-free world will be defined by 2.：A few wealthy people will own all the capital，and the masses will struggle in an impoverished wasteland..A different and not mutually exclusive 3 holds that the future will be a wasteland of a different sort，one 4 by purposelessness：Without jobs to give their lives 5，people will simply become lazy and depressed.6，today’s unemployed don’t seem to be having a great time.One Gallup poll found that 20 percent of Americans who have been unemployed for at least a year report having depression，double the rate for 7 Americans.Also，some research suggests that the 8 for rising rates of mortality，mental-health problems，and addicting 9 poorly-educated，middle-aged people is a shortage of well-paid jobs.Perhaps this is why many 10 the agonizing dullness of a jobless future.But it doesn’t 11 follow from findings like these that a world without work would be filled with unease.Such visions are based on the 12 of being unemployed in a society built on the concept of employment.In the 13 of work，a society designed with other ends in mind could 14 strikingly different circumstances for the future of labor and leisure.Today，the 15 of work may be a bit overblown.“Many jobs are boring，degrading，unhealthy，and a waste of human potential，”says John Danaher，a lecturer at the National University of Ireland in Galway.These days，because leisure time is relatively 16 for most workers，people use their free time to counterbalance the intellectual and emotional 17 of their jobs.“When I come home from a hard day’s work，I often feel 18，”Danaher says，adding，“In a world in which I don’t have to work，I might feel rather different”—perhaps different enough to throw himself 19 a hobby or a passion project with the intensity usually reserved for 20 matters.1选？A.boasting
B.denying
C.warning
D.ensuring答案：C解析：语义衔接题。空格位于with引导的独立主格结构中，应填入动词的-ing形式；空格处动作的发出academics，writers，and activists，又因为下文显示人们对“没有工作的未来”持悲观看法，故C为正确答案，表示在学术界人士、作家和激进分子的警告下，人们产生了悲观看法。其他备选项中，A不符合段落的感情色彩，B、D不符合文意，故排除。
考题
Without electricity,human life__quite different today.A.is
B.will be
C.would have been
D.would be答案：D解析：因为介词短语without…表示与现在事实相反的情况，所以用would be。
考题
Which of the following is not an interactive activity?A.Looking at the picture below and discussing the questions with your partner．
B.Listening to the tape again and retelling the story with the filled chart．
C.Discussing the following questions in group．
D.Asking another group to give you some advice on improving your work．答案：B解析：考查互动性活动。“再听一遍录音，并根据已经填好的表格复述听力文章的内容”，这一活动不属于互动性的活动。所以B项错误。
考题
问答题This book is about the future of technology. In it we will examine some of the many recent developments in a few key fields and try, in a limited way, to predict where they will take us in the next fifteen years or (1)____. If that sounds like a modest goal, it’s not. Technology is the (2)____(dominate) force of our time and probably of all time to come. It appears in more varieties than we can count. It changes so rapidly (3)____ no scientist or engineer can keep up with his own field, much less with technology in general. It permeates and shapes our lives at every turn. We live in technology (4)____ fish live in the sea, and we have only a little better chance of (5) f____ the details of its future changes. Yet the task is well worth undertaking. Whatever hints we can glean (一点点搜集) about the future win help us prepare for the changes to come. Modest forecasts, evidence of trends, a few concrete developments to be expected all are better than no warning at all. And (6) th____ technology has made the present much less stable than the past, and surely will make the future more disturbed still, there is good reason to hope that our lives, in sum and on average, will be better as a result. In an age of uncomfortable (7) ch____, this is reassurance(保证) we all can use. For an idea of what is to come—in magnitude if not in (8) sp____—look to the past. In the last ninety years, the world has shrunk, while human experience has advanced almost beyond the recognition of these who grew up in our grandparent’s generation.A century after America’s (9)____(found) conceived their agrarian (耕地的) democracy, nearly all their descendents still lived on fanning. Since World War I, technology has extracted us from behind horse-drawn plows and plugged us into (10) as____ lines and offices. Today it is removing many of us from offices and letting us work at home or forcing us to work on the road.正确答案：1.so 本句译文:在这本书里,我们将检查几个关键领域的一些最新进展,并且在某种程度上预测它们在未来的15年左右将把我们带向何处。or so大约,左右。2.dominant dominant支配的;占优势的。本句译文:技术是我们这个时代、或许包括未来所有时间的支配力量。3.that 考查so+adj. /adv. +that句型。。本句译文:它变化得如此之快,以至于没有科学家或工程师能紧跟上他自己的研究领域。更不用说总体的科技。4.as as做连词,“像……一样”。本句译文:我们生活在科技中,就像鱼生活在水里,我们只不过在预测技术未来的细节变化上有更大一点的可能性。5.forecasting forecast与后面的“its future changes”语义上搭配。6.though 弄清此长句的主句是“there is good reason…”。前半句表示“现在更不稳定”,后半句表示“生活因此更好”,所以两句之间应为转折关系,填though。7.challenges challenges挑战。本句译文:在这个充满不安挑战的年代,这是我们都能依靠的保证。8.specifics specifics详情,细节(particular details)。本句译文:要解答将来会出现什么——重大的还是点滴的——的问题,请回顾过去。9.founders founders(创建者)与后面的descendents(后代)搭配。本句译文:在美利坚创建者构思耕地民主化后的一个世纪里,几乎他们所有的后代子孙仍以耕地维持生计。10.assembly assembly line装配线。解析：暂无解析
考题
问答题TechnologyWhen faced with some new and possibly confusing technological change, most people react in one of two ways. They (1)____refuse to accept anything new, claiming that it is unnecessary or too complicated or that it somehow makes life less than human. Or they learn to (2) ada____ to the new invention, and eventually wonder how they could possibly have existed without it. (3)____computers as an example. For many of us, they still represent a (4) thr____ to our freedom, and give us a frightening sense of a future in which all (5)____(decide) will be taken by machines. This may be because they seem mysterious, and difficult to (6) und____. Ask most people what you use a home computer for, and you can usually get vague answers about how “they give you information”. In fact, even those of us who are familiar with computers, and use them in our daily work, have very little idea of how they (7)____. But it does not take long to learn how to operate a business programme, even if things occasionally go (8)____for no apparent reason. Presumably much the same happened when the telephone and the television became widespread. What seems to alarm most people is the speed of (9)____(technology) change, rather than change itself. And the objections that are made to new technology may well have a point to them, (10) si____ change is not always an improvement. As we discover during power cuts, there is a lot to be said for the oil lamp, the coal fire, and forms of entertainment, such as books or board games, that don’t have to be plugged into work.正确答案：1.either 由前一句的“one of two ways”和后面的“or”可知,空格处应该填either。either…or…或者…或者…。2.adapt adapt to适应…。文意是他们要么拒绝,要么适应新的发明。3.Take take…as an example以…为例,固定搭配。4.threat 由后面的frightening可知前面空格处应该填一个与之意思相近或相连的词,由提示字母可知应该填threat。threat威胁。5.decisions 将来机器有可能替我们做决定。“做决定”可以用“make decisions”或是“take decisions”表示。6.understand 由逗号前的mysterious可推知他们让人很难理解。7.work 句意:即使是我们当中那些每天都使用计算机的人,他们虽对计算机很熟悉,但对于计算机是怎样运行的却知之甚少。work工作,运行。8.wrong go wrong出错,犯错误,固定搭配。9.technological 让很多的人警觉起来的是技术的改变而不是改变本身。这也与文章开篇提到的technological change相对应。10.since 前一句说有人对这种新技术持反对意见也有一定的理由,后半句由since引出这个理由。解析：暂无解析
考题
共用题干
The Industrial Age and EmploymentThe industrial age has been the only period of human history in which most people's work has taken the form of jobs.The industrial age may now be coming to an end,and some of the changes in work patterns which it brought about may have to be reversed.This seems a daunting（大胆的）thought. But, in fact, it could offer the prospect of a better future for work.Universal employment,as its history shows,has not meant economic freedom.Employment became widespread when the enclosures of the 17th and 18th centuries made many people dependent on paid work by depriving（剥夺）them of the use of the land,and thus of the means to provide a living for themselves.Then the factory system destroyed the cottage industries and removed work from people's homes.Later,as transport improved, first by rail and then by road, people commuted（乘车往返）longer distances to their places of employment until,eventually,many people's work lost all connection with their home lives and the places in which they lived.Meanwhile,employment put women at a disadvantage.In pre-industrial times,men and women had shared the productive work of the household and village community.Now it became customary(惯例的）for the husband to go out to paid employment, leaving the unpaid work of the home and family to his wife.Tax and benefit regulations still assume this norm today,and restrict more flexible sharing of work roles between the sexes.It was not only women whose work status suffered.As employment became the dominant form of work,young people and old people were excluded-a problem now,asmore teenagers become frustrated at school and more retired people want to live active lives. All this may now have to change.The time has certainly come to switch some efforts and resources away from the utopian（乌托邦的）goal of creating jobs for all, to the urgent practical task of helping many people to manage without full-time jobs. Now is the time to handle the issue of employment in a practical manner.A:Right B:Wrong C:Not mentioned答案：A解析：
考题
_______, I am also enclosing some of the safety programs I designed so you can see first hand the type of work I am capable of performing to bring about the successful safety programs the government requires in organizations today.
Again, thank you for your time. I am looking forward to hearing from you soon.
Sincerely,
Bill J. Doe
A.Furthers
B.Beside
C.In addition
D.As well as
答案：C解析：
