History has shown that project managers can be trained in a combination of ways. Which method is usually preferred by most companies?
A . Experiential learning, on-the-job
B . Formal education and special course (degreed programs)
C . Professional activities, seminars
D . Individual readings
E . None of the above
Many people see pollution as only. part of______.
A. the environmental balance
B. our daily life
C. the consumption of goods by man
D. the whole process of industrial production and consumption of goods
正确答案：D
此题为细节题。文章的第二段内可以找到句子；Many people therefore，see pollution…the whole process of industrial production and consumption of goods。
—_____? —She's our history teacher.
A.Where is she from
B.Where does the woman work
C.Who is she
D.How is the woman
Today many children know the history of their holidays.()
The research shows that successful people are similar in many ways.
正确答案：这项研究表明成功人士在许多方面是相似的。
全国2011年1月高等教育 HYPERLINK /xueli/zikao/ t _blank 自学考试英语写作基础试题课程代码：00597I.重写句子 (20 points, 2 points each)Revise the following sentences according to the requirements.Example: The history of English words is the history of our civilization in many ways. ( periodic sentence)In many ways, the history of English words is the history of our civilization.1. Only thirty percent of the local people owned cars at that time. ( periodic sentence)2. He came too late, so he did not see the first part of the play. ( simple sentence)3. They are true sisters. It is clear from the facial resemblance between them. ( sentence with a subject clause)4. He left the room and hummed a tune. (sentence with a verb-ing phrase)5. The girl cried sadly as she was locked outside. (sentence with a verb-ed phrase)6. The professor came into the classroom. He had two books in his hand. (prepositional phrase)7. He knocked the door again and again. There was no answer. (compound sentence)8. I wrote this letter yesterday. I forgot to post it. (complex sentence)9. I had planned to go to Australia last summer. It was too expensive. I went to Vietnam instead. ( compound-complex sentence)10. The boy can sing very well. He can also dance very well. (sentence with parallel structure)II.改写病句 (15 points, 3 points each)Correct the errors in the following sentences.Example: Made by his mother, Tony ate up the cake.Tony ate up the cake made by his mother.11. Small businesses often grow into large ones. Adding to the economy vitality.12. Failure turns out to be a valuable learning experience for those. Who may be successful the second or third time.13. Americans buy many things on credit, stocks are no exception.14. Having got the land, the laws were changed by the farmers.15. Their requests include railroad regulations, tax deductions and to make education cheaper.III.标出主题句 (15 points, 5 points each)16. Choose the best topic sentence from the group below by writing A, B, C or D.A. There are different types of social worker careers.B. A social worker can help a child find a home.C. A mental health social worker helps people deal with depression.D. A medical social worker helps people with diseases.Answer:_17. Read the following paragraph and underline the topic sentence.The central role of women in horticultural (农耕) societies tends to have political and sociological consequences. It is the women who own and manage their garden plots and pass them on to the next generation. It is the women who decide when their soil is depleted and where the village should move to clear more fertile ground. One of the more interesting aspects of horticultural societies is that it is often women who exercise political pow、er and authority in their society. Anthropologists (人类学家) and travellers alike call attention to the special standing and respect that women enjoy in Austronesian cultures generally and the Philippines in particular. The honored position of women in Austronesian and Philippine society, more than lik、ely, remains a legacy (遗产) from their, not so distant, horticultural prehistory.18. Read the following paragraph carefully and choose the best topic sentence from the four possible answers that follow the paragraph by writing A, B, C or D.Since there are more than 80 million current and former smoke
________(正如我们强调的那样)many times,“serve the people”is our first policy.(stress)
正确答案：
As we have emphasized
共用题干
English and English Community
1There is no doubt that English is a useful language.The people who speak English
today make up the largest speech community in the world with the exception of speakers of
Chinese.
2 A speech community is similar to other kinds of communities.The people who make up
the community share a common language.Often they live side by side,as they do in a
neighborhood（街坊）,a village,or a city. More often they form a whole country. National
boundaries,however,are not always the same as the boundaries of a speech community.
A speech community is any group of people who speak the same language no matter where
they happen to live.
3 We may say that anyone who speaks English belongs to the English speech community.
For convenience（方便）,we may divide the speakers into two groups:one in which the
speakers use English as their native language,the other in which the speakers learn English
as a second language for the purpose of education,commerce,and so on.
4 Learning a second language extends one's vision and expands the mind.The history
and literature of a second language record the real and fictional（虚构的）lives of people
and their culture;a knowledge of them adds to our ability to understand and to feel as they
feel .Learning English as a second language provides another means of communication
through which the window of the entire English speech community becomes a part of our
heritage.
Many people learn English as___________.
A: a second language
B: the same language
C: the same speech community
D:any other language
E:national boundaries
F:a part of one's heritage
资料：It's so common to hear people say， “I’m stressed out，” almost as a badge of honor， as if this is a symptom only of our fast-paced modern life. But in her book， “Exhaustion： A History，”Anna Katharina Schaffner writes that the syndrome of mental exhaustion has existed almost since the beginning of human history.
Commentators claim [ ours] is the most exhausting period in history， the demands on our energy reserves being unprecedented. By implication， they represent the past as a less energy-draining time in which people lived much less stressful lives in harmony with nature and the seasons，“says Schaffner， a. professor of comparative literature and medical humanities at the University of Kent in England， in an email interview. I asked myself whether that was really the case， and started researching other historical periods in search of earlier discourses on exhaustion. To my surprise， I found that ours is far from being the only age to have perceived itself as the most exhausted-this is in fact a perception shared by many historical periods， albeit in different ways and for different reasons.”
Schaffner found information about exhaustion going all the wy back to antiquity. This is not the same thing as physical exhaustion —certainly most， people in earlier times had life physically harder—but concurrently throughout history was this idea of being mentally exhausted， what we might call today being “stressed”or “burned out.”
In the past， she says， the condition went by many names： melancholia， depression， chronic fatigue syndrome or acedia， “a theological version of melancholia， also described as weariness of the heart.”and popular in Medieval times. Causes ranged from physical ailments and chemical imbalances in the brain to spiritual failings or even the alignments of the planets， Often there was a different explanation for each historical period.
“In the late 19th century， for example，. a faster pace of life as a result of trains， steam boats， electricity， and telegraphy was held responsible for the sudden explosion in the number of cases of what was diagnosed as neurasthenia-this diagnosis being structured around a deficiency in nerve force， and manifesting itself in weakness， lethargy. hopelessness， and various other symptoms.”she says.
Other mental ailments throughout time were attlbuted to “the availability of exotic food and spices in the 18th century the education of women in the 19th century，. or the new psycho-social pressures of neo-liberal capitalism in our own time”she adds
So if exhaustion has been with us forever， what does that mean for we moderns? “An historical perspective can help to counter the sense that our way of life is more detrimental to human wellbeing than those in the past， and to make us feel less alone，” says Schaffner. “Of course， this historical perspective also challenges the idea that current states of exhaustion are a unique badge of honor. Thus historicizing exhaustion can， on the one hand， reassure us and， on the other hand， challenge the narratives on which we rely to give our suffering aspecial value.”
Based on commentators views in Para.2， mental exhaustion may be caused by ______
A.the fast-paced modern life.
B.the significant events in human history.
C.increasing consumption of the energy reserves.
D.less harmonious life with nature and the seasons.
答案：C
解析：
题目意为“根据第2自然段评论员的观点，精神耗竭可能是由于”，
故正确答案为。选项A意为“快节奏的现代生活”，第二自然段中并未涉及；选项B意为“在人类历史上的重大事件”，第二自然段中未提及；选项C意为“能量储备的消耗持续增长”，结合主题句正确；选项D意为“与自然和季节不太和谐”，文中只提到过去与自然四季和谐的生活，人们的生活压力小些，但与题意不符，故错误。
共用题干
Living History at Jamestown Settlement
A woman in Native American clothes is sitting in the sun,sewing a dress from skin.Inside a building,a colonist is making a wooden chair,using very simple tools.And all around,tourists are taking pictures with their digital（数码的）cameras. This is Jamestown settlement today.
Jamestown,Virginia,was one of the first place in the world where people from Europe, American,and Africa came together in 1608 .Today,it is a living history museum,where chil- dren and adults come to experience history. In a living history museum,actors wear clothes and adults form the past and demonstrate many of the activities of daily life back then.The actors also talk to the visitors and explain everything they do.
At a living history museum,there are always many things to touch,hear,and smell. Visitors at Jamestown settlement can walk through copies of the three small sailing ships that carried colo-nists to Virginia and even lie down in a colonist's bed!The colonists stayed on the crowed,dan-gerous ships for more than four months.When they got to Virginia,they built an area of houses with a high wall around it. In today's fort(堡垒）,you can see houses, a church, and even a gar-den with foods that the colonists ate.Women in long dresses work inside their homes,and visitors can help them with their sewing and cooking.
There is also an Indian Village at Jamestown settlement,and it books very different from the fort. It shows how the Indians lived in long houses and grew corn and other crops in large fields. Actors there make pottery（陶器）and teach visitors how to play Indian games. You can even help them make an India boat from a tree!
Today,the living history museum of Jamestown is very popular,especially with children and families.People come here to have fun,but also to learn. Many school classes visit to experience old ways of getting things done .A living history museum is the best way to understand how people lived in the past.
Children and families enjoy play Indian games.
A: Right
B: Wrong
C: Not mentioned
答案：C
解析：
根据第一段的“...tourists are taking pictures with their digital（数码的）cameras.”可知，如今到这个地区的游客喜欢拍照，题干叙述正确，故选A。
根据第二段的“...where people from Europe, American, and Africa came together in 1608.”可知，题干叙述正确，故选A。
由第三段首句“At a living history museum, there are always many things to touch, hear, and smell.”可知，游客可以触摸很多东西，题干叙述错误。故本题选B。
文章并未提到最先到詹姆斯敦的移民是哪国人，故选C。
根据第二段的“The actors also talk to the visitors and explain everything they do.”可知，工作在博物馆的人们向游客解释他们都干些什么。故题干叙述正确，选A。
根据第三段“Visitors at Jamestown settlement can walk through copies of the three small sailing ships...”可知，游客只能步行穿过模仿的小船，并不能行走在真的移民用的船上。
文章只是说这样的博物馆在孩子和家庭中很受欢迎，但并未提到孩子们和家庭是否喜欢印度游戏，故选C。
共用题干
Living History at Jamestown Settlement
A woman in Native American clothes is sitting in the sun,sewing a dress from skin.Inside a building,a colonist is making a wooden chair,using very simple tools.And all around,tourists are taking pictures with their digital（数码的）cameras. This is Jamestown settlement today.
Jamestown,Virginia,was one of the first place in the world where people from Europe, American,and Africa came together in 1608 .Today,it is a living history museum,where chil- dren and adults come to experience history. In a living history museum,actors wear clothes and adults form the past and demonstrate many of the activities of daily life back then.The actors also talk to the visitors and explain everything they do.
At a living history museum,there are always many things to touch,hear,and smell. Visitors at Jamestown settlement can walk through copies of the three small sailing ships that carried colo-nists to Virginia and even lie down in a colonist's bed!The colonists stayed on the crowed,dan-gerous ships for more than four months.When they got to Virginia,they built an area of houses with a high wall around it. In today's fort(堡垒）,you can see houses, a church, and even a gar-den with foods that the colonists ate.Women in long dresses work inside their homes,and visitors can help them with their sewing and cooking.
There is also an Indian Village at Jamestown settlement,and it books very different from the fort. It shows how the Indians lived in long houses and grew corn and other crops in large fields. Actors there make pottery（陶器）and teach visitors how to play Indian games. You can even help them make an India boat from a tree!
Today,the living history museum of Jamestown is very popular,especially with children and families.People come here to have fun,but also to learn. Many school classes visit to experience old ways of getting things done .A living history museum is the best way to understand how people lived in the past.
At a living history museum,visitors cannot touch any of the things on display.
A: Right
B: Wrong
C: Not mentioned
答案：B
解析：
根据第一段的“...tourists are taking pictures with their digital（数码的）cameras.”可知，如今到这个地区的游客喜欢拍照，题干叙述正确，故选A。
根据第二段的“...where people from Europe, American, and Africa came together in 1608.”可知，题干叙述正确，故选A。
由第三段首句“At a living history museum, there are always many things to touch, hear, and smell.”可知，游客可以触摸很多东西，题干叙述错误。故本题选B。
文章并未提到最先到詹姆斯敦的移民是哪国人，故选C。
根据第二段的“The actors also talk to the visitors and explain everything they do.”可知，工作在博物馆的人们向游客解释他们都干些什么。故题干叙述正确，选A。
根据第三段“Visitors at Jamestown settlement can walk through copies of the three small sailing ships...”可知，游客只能步行穿过模仿的小船，并不能行走在真的移民用的船上。
文章只是说这样的博物馆在孩子和家庭中很受欢迎，但并未提到孩子们和家庭是否喜欢印度游戏，故选C。
