问题:共用题干 The Science of PersuasionIf leadership consists of getting things done through others,then persuasion is one of the leader's essential tools.Many executives have assumed that this tool is beyond their grasp,available only to the charismatic(有魅力的)and the eloquent. Over the past several decades , though , experimental psychologists have learned which methods reliably lead people to concede,comply,or change.Their research shows that persuasion is governed by several principles that can be taught and applied.The first principle is that people are more likely to follow someone who is similar to them than someone who is not.Wise managers,then,ask peers to help make their cases.Second,people are more willing to cooperate with those who are not only like them but who like them,as well.So it's worth the time to uncover real similarities and offer genuine praise.Third,experiments confirm the intuitive truth that people tend to treat you the way you treatthem.It's a sound policy to do a favor before seeking one.Fourth,individuals are more likely to keep promises they make voluntarily and clearly.The message for managers here is to get commitments in writing. Fifth,studies show that people really do defer to(服从)experts.So before they attempt to exert influence,executives should take pains to establish their own expertise and not assume that it's self-evident. Finally,people want more of a commodity when it's scarce;it follows,then, that exclusive information is more persuasive than widely available data.People are more likely to cooperate with those who like them.A:Right B:Wrong C:Not mentioned
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问题:共用题干 Charter SchoolsAmerican public education has changed in recent years.One change is that increasing numbers of American parents and teachers are starting independent public schools _______(1)charter schools(特许学校).In 1991,there were no charter schools in the United States.Today,more than 2,300 charter schools_________(2)in 34 states and the District of Columbia.575,000 students___________(3)these schools.The students are from 5 years of age through 18 or older.A charter school is_________(4)by groups of parents,teachers and community (社区)members. It is similar in some ways__________(5) a traditional public school. It receives tax money to operate just as other public schools do.The_________(6)it receives depends on the number of students.The charter school must prove to local orstate governments that its students are learning.These governments____________(7)the school with the agreement,or charter that permits it to operate.Unlike a traditional public school,__________(8),the charter school does not have to obey most laws governing public schools.Local,state or federal governments cannot tellit what to________(9).Each school can choose its own goals and decide the ways it wants to___________ (10)those goals.Class sizes usually are smaller than in many traditional public schools.Many students and parents say _________(11)in charter schools can be morecreative.However,state education agencies,local education-governing committees and unionsoften_________(12)charter schools.They say these schools may receive moneybadly__________(13)by traditional public schools.Experts say some charter schools are doing well while others are struggling.Congress provided 200 million dollars for________(14)charter schools in the 2002 federal budget(预算).But,often the schools say they lack enough money for their _________(15).Many also lack needed space._________(10) A:set B:reach C:indicate D:define
问题:共用题干 The Internet HouseA leading British building and design company has just announced their plans for the home of the future.The new design,______(51)as the“Internet House”,has five bedrooms,plenty of bathrooms and a double garage.But these are not the main selling______(52),for it is the £25000______(53)of automation that makes this house really different.It will be______(54),for people who have plenty of money,but not a great ______(55)of time:young professionals in other words.They are likely to be______(56)to the idea of a microwave that provides easy-to-cook______(57)via the Internet and cooker that switches itself on or off at a command received via e-mail.All the appliances in the house,______(58)the heating and lighting controls,are linked together ______( 59 ) means of a gadget(小装置)called a “ router”.Using what's called a“webpad”,a kind of portable lap-top computer,the owners of the house tap in commands from ______(60)they may be. The Webpad______(61)a signal to the router,which ______(62)the message and then activates the necessary controls. On the way home at night, for example,the owners can switch on the lights or______(63)the central heating working, and so______(64)sure that they have a nice warm welcome when they______(65)into their home.64._________A: comeB: makeC:keepD: hold
问题:共用题干 Want to Be 100? Listen to These 5 Centenarians(百岁老人)Five neighbors at a central Missouri retirement community who are all centenarians get asked all the time:“How did you live to be 100?”If you want to live to 100 or more,this rare group of five golden girls says the key to longevity (长寿)is working hard at a job you love and taking care of your body while you're at it.Even though an estimated 70,000 people in the country are currently at the century mark or beyond in age,it is unusual to find five 100-year-olds living in one place.The average life-span(寿命)of Americans is about two or three years short of an 80th birth-day party.And most people don't want to cut out coffee,soda,alcohol,cigarettes,and eat healthy food.“People tell me all the time,‘I don't want to live to be 100,'”said Mildred Leaver,who turned 100 in June.“I think that's just sad.Aging is attitude and I don't feel old,”said Leaver,a former educator who still drives her Buick around town.It doesn't take long to see that Leaver and her neighbors Mildred Harris,Grace Woffson, Gladys Stuart and Viola Semas,have a lot more in common than their longevity and lifelong healthy habits .All are 100 except Stuart,who is 101.Even though their sight and hearing aren't what they used to be,they've all avoided illnesses that many elderly people are stricken with.It's been 50 years since Leaver beat cancer for the first and only time.The common thread that connects these women is the decades of service to jobs each loved as a farmer,designer,school principal,bookkeeper and secretary.In the early years of their lives, gainfully employed women like them were just as rare as 100-year-old are today. It is not hard to find five 100-year-olds living in one place in America.A: RightB: WrongC: Not mentioned
问题:I have little information as regards her fitness for the post.A:atB:aboutC:withD:from
问题:The manager gave us the identical cottage each summer.A:temporary B:similar C:same D:attractive
问题:共用题干 Public RelationsPublic relations is a broad set of planned communications about the company, including publicity releases,designed to promote goodwill and a favorable image.Publicity then is part of public relations when it is initiated by the firm , usually in the________ (51)of press releases or press conferences.Since public relations involves communications with stockholders,financial analysts,government officials,and other noncustomer groups,it is usually________(52) outside the marketing department , perhaps as a staff department or outside consulting firm reporting to to management.This organizational placement can be a________(53) because the public relations department or consultant will likely not be in line with marketing efforts.Poor communication and no coordination can be the________ (54).Although the basic purpose of public relations is to provide positive influence_______(55) the public image,this influence generally may be less than_______(56) provided by the other components of the public image mix.Publicity may be in the form of news releases that have(57) overtones for the company initiated by the public relations department.Publicity on the other________ (58) should not be divorce from the marketing department,as it can________(59) a useful adjunct(辅助) to the regular advertising______(60) not all publicity is initiated by the firm;some can________(61) from an unfavorable press a reaction to certain actions or lack of________(62) that are controversial or even downright ill-advisedThe________(63) we wish to emphasize is that a firm is deluding(自欺) itself if it thinks its public relations function,whether within the company or an outside firm,can take________(64) of public image problems and opportunities.Many of these have to do with the way the________(65) does business,such as its product quality,the servicing and handling of complaints , etc._________55A:inB:forC:onD:at
问题:共用题干 Flying Into HistoryWhen you turn on the television or read a magazine , celebrities(名人)are everywhere. Although fameand the media play such major roles in our lives today,it has not always been that way._________(46) Many historians agree that Charles Lindbergh was one of the first major celebrities or superstars.Lindbergh was born in Detroit,Michigan,in 1902,but he grew up in Little Falls,Minnesota. As a childhe was very interested in how things worked,so when he reached college,he pursued a degree in engineer- ing. At the age of 20,however,the allure(诱惑)of flying captured Lindbergh's imagination.________(47)Soon after, Lindbergh bought his own plane and traveled across the nation performing aerial stunts(空中 特技).In 1924,Lindbergh became more serious about flying. He joined the United States military and graduated firstin his pilot class.__________ (48)During the same time ,a wealthy hotel owner named Raymond Orteig was offering a generous award tothe first pilot who could fly nonstop from New York City to Paris,France.The Orteig Prize was worth $25 ,000一 a large amount even by today's standards.Lindbergh knew he had the skills to complete the flight,but not just any plane was capable of flyingthat far for that long.___________(49) On May 20,1927,Charles Lindbergh took off from Roosevelt Field in New York City and arrived thenext day at an airstrip(简易机场)outside Paris. Named in honor of the sponsor, the Spirit of St. Louis carried Lindbergh across the Atlantic Ocean and into the record books.He became a national hero and a huge celebrity. When he returned to the United States, Lindbergh rode in a ticker-tape(热烈的)parade held to cele- brate his accomplishment.__________(50)A very popular dance was even named for Charles Lindbergh一 the Lindy Hop.Today,the Spirit of St.Louis is kept at the Smithsonian institute's National Air and Space Museum in Washington,D.C.__________(46)A:He also received a Medal of Honor,the highest United States military decoration.B:Lindbergh used this additional training to get a job as an airmail pilot,flying out of St. Louis,Missouri.C:His childhood was not full of fond memories.D:Working with an aviation company from San Diego,California,and with financial help from the city of St. Louis , Lindbergh got a customized(定制的)airplane that could make the journey.E:Eighty years ago,radio and movies were just beginning to have that kind of effect on Americans. F: He quit school and moved to Nebraska where he learned to be a pilot.
问题:共用题干 Some Unusual CelebrationsSome holidays are well-known all around the world.Among them are New Year's Eve celebrations. Also common are days in honor of love and friendship,like Valentine's Day. Each country has its own special holidays, too,often to mark important events in its history. Schools,banks,and government offices all close on days like these.__________(46)A few of them are really very strange.Of course,they are not strange to the people who celebrate them.Perhaps that is because the celebra-tions have long traditions.Consider April Fool's Day,for example.No one knows when or why it began.Today it is celebrated in many countries一France,England,and Australia,among others.On this day,people play practical jokes.___________(47)The ones who laugh are the ones playing the jokes.The people they fool often get angry.Does celebrating, this day make sense to you?Dyngus Day in Poland seems strange,too.On this day,it is traditional for boys to pour water over the heads of girls. Here is the strangest part:They do it to girls they like.Other unusual celebrations take place in a single city or town. A holiday called La Tomatina is celebrated in Bunol,Spain一 Every year,in late August,big trucks carry more than 200,000 pounds of tomatoes into this little town.___________(48)For two hours,people in the streets throw tomatoes at each other. Everyone ends UP red from head to toe.August 10 marks the start of the Puck Fair,an Irish festival with a very unusual tradition.People from the town of Killorglin go up into the mountains and catch a wild goat._________(49)There are also some celebrations that are really strange.In the United States,sometimes one person gets an idea for a new holiday and tries to get others to accept it. Whose idea was Public Sleeping Day? That one is on February 28.It may seem strange,but it sounds like more fun than the one on February 9._________(50)Do you like the idea of inventing a new holiday?If you do,then you will want to mark March 26 on your calendar. That is Make Up Your Own Holiday Day.___________(48)A:They bring him back to town,put a crown on his head,and make him king for three days.B:Some of the days people celebrate,however,are less serious.C:That is supposed to be Toothache Day.D:Then begins the world's biggest food fight.E:Some people have fun imagining new holidays.F: Jokes are supposed to be funny,but these jokes do not make everyone laugh.
问题: Mrs.Moorman couldn't tolerate with his rudeness any more.A:put up with B:forgive C:refuse D:permit
问题:共用题干 Helen and MartinWith a thoughtful sigh,Helen turned away from the window and walked back to her favourite armchair.______(1) her brother never arrive?For a brief moment,she wondered if she really cared that much.Over the years Helen had given______(2) waiting for Martin to take an interest in her.Her feelings for him had gradually______(3) until now,as she sat waiting for him,she experienced no more than a sister's ______(4) to see what had ______(5) of her brother.Almost without______(6) ,Martin had lost his job with a busy publishing company after spending the last eight years in New York as a key figure in the US office.Somehow the two of them hadn't______(7) to keep in touch and,left alone,Helen had slowly found her______(8) in her own judgment growing.______(9) the wishes of her parents,she had left university halfway______(10) her course and now,to the astonishment of the whole family,she was______(11) a fast-growing reputation in the pages of respected art magazines and was actually earning enough to live______(12) from her paintings.Of course,she______(13) no pleasure in Martin's sudden misfortune,but she couldn't______(14) looking forward to her brother's arrival with______(15) satisfaction at what she had achieved.5._________A:becomeB:developedC:arisenD:changed
问题:共用题干 HitchhikingWhen I was in my teens(十几岁)and 20s,hitchhiking was a main form of long-distance transport.The kindness or curiosity of strangers_______(51)me all over Europe,North America,Asia and southern Africa. Some of the lift-givers became friends,many provided hospitality_______(52)the road.Not only did you find out much more about a country than_______(53)traveling by train or plane,but also there was that element of excitement about where you would finish up that night. Hitchhiking featured importantly in Western culture.It has books and songs about it. So what has happened to_______(54)?A few years ago,I asked the same question about hitchhiking in a column on a newspaper._______(55)of people from all over the world responded with their views on the state of hitchhiking."If there is a hitchhiker's_______(56)it must be Iran,"came one reply.Rural Ireland was recommended as a friendly place for hitchhiking,_______(57)was Quebec,Canada."If you don't mind being berated(严厉指责)for not speaking French."But while hitchhiking was clearly still alive and well in many parts of the world,the_______( 58 ) feeling was that throughout much of the west it was doomed(消亡).With so much news about crime in the media,people assumed that anyone on the open road without the money for even a bus ticket must present a danger. But do we_______(59)to be so wary both to hitchhike and to give a lift?In Poland in the 1960s,_______(60)a Polish woman who e-mailed me,"the authorities introduced the Hitchhiker's Booklet. The booklet contained coupons for drivers,so each time a driver _______(61)somebody,he or she received a coupon.At the end of the season,_______(62) who had picked up the most hikers were rewarded with various prizes.Everybody was hitchhiking then."Surely this is a good idea for society.Hitchhiking would increase respect by breaking down _______(63)between strangers. It would help fight_______(64)warming by cutting down on fuel consumption as hitchhikers would be using existing fuels.It would also improve educational standards by delivering instant_______(65)in geography,history,politics and sociology._________(65)A:discussions B:debatesC:consultations D:lessons
问题:共用题干 Teaching and LearningMany teachers believe that the responsibilities for learning lie with the student.If a long reading assign- ment is given,instructors expect students to be__________(51)with the information in the reading even if they do not discuss it in class or__________(52)an examination.The ideal student is________(53)to be one who is motivated to learn for the sake of learning,not the one interested only in getting high ___________(54).Sometimes homework is returned with brief written____________(55)but without a grade.Even if a grade is not given,the student is___________(56)for learning the material assigned. When research is_________(57),the professor expects the student to take it actively and to complete it with minimum___________(58).It is the student's responsibility to find books,magazines,and articles in the library.Professors do not have the time to__________(59)how a university library works;they expect students to exhaust the___________(60)resources in the library.Professors will help students who need it,_________(61)prefer that their students should not be too __________(62)on them.In the United States professors have many other___________(63)besides teaching,such as administrative or research work.Therefore,the time that a professor can spend__________(64)a student outside of class is limited. if a student has problems with classroom work,the student should either__________(65)a professor during office hours or make an appointment._________(53)A:testedB:recognizedC:consideredD:assessed
问题:共用题干 Teaching and LearningMany teachers believe that the responsibilities for learning lie with the student.If a long reading assignment is given,instructors expect students to be familiar with the ______(1)in the reading even if they do not discuss it in class or take an examination.The ______(2) student is considered to be one who is motivated to learn for the sake of______(3) ,not the one interested only in getting high grades.Sometimes homework is returned ______(4) brief written comments but without a grade.Even if a grade is not given,the student is ______(5) for learning the materi al assigned.When research is______(6), the professor expects the student to take it actively and to complete it with______(7) guidance.It is the student's responsibility to find books,maga-zines,and articles in the library.Professors do not have the time to explain______(8) a university library works;they expect students______(9) graduate students to exhaust the reference______(10) in the library.Professors will help students who need it,but______(11) that their students should not be______(12)dependent on them.In the United States professors have many other duties______(13)teaching,such as administrative or research work.Therefore, the time that a professor can spend with a student outside of class is______(14).If a student has problems with classroom work,the student should either______(15)a professor during office hours or make an appointment.6._________A:collectedB:distributedC:assignedD:finished
问题:He pulled out to overtake a truck.A:skip B:pass C:reach D:lead
问题:共用题干 Margaret Sanger and Birth ControlMargaret Sanger,an American nurse,was the first to start the modern birth control movement in the United States.In 1912 she______(51)publishing information about women's reproductive(生殖的)concerns through articles and books. In 1914 Sanger was charged ______(52)violation of the Comstock Law,which federal legislation had passed in 1873 for-bidding the mailing of sexy material______(53)information about birth control and contraceptive(避孕的)devices. Though she was put in jail for these activities , Sanger______( 54 ) to publish and spread information about birth control.She and her sister Ethel Byrne opened the first of several birth control clinics in America on October 16,1916,in Brooklyn,New York.The Comstock Law was rewritten by Congress in 1 936 to______(55)birth control information and devices .Many states had laws forbidding distribution or use of contraceptive devices but the constitutionality(合宪性)of these laws was increasingly______(56).In 1965,theSupreme Court of the United States ruled that married people have the right to practice birth control without government intervention .In 1972,the court______(57)that unmarried people have the same right.Today there are more birth control options______(58),but overpopulation and unwanted pregnancies remain worldwide______(59).Having more children than one can support may lead______(60)poverty,illness,and high death rates for babies,children,and women.The problem of teenage pregnancy is______(61) worse in the United States ______(62)in almost any other developed country.Studies show that birth rates for women under 20 are higher in the United States than in 29 other______(63)countries.A detailed study suggested that the problem of teenage pregnancy in the United States may be______(64) to less sex education in schools and lower availability(可获性)of contraceptive services and supplies to young people,This study______(65)the view of people in the United States who argue that sex education or making contraceptive supplies available to school-age children promotes sexual activity.56._________A: questionedB: acceptedC: confirmedD: favored
问题: In previous times,when fresh meat was inadequate,pigeons were kept by many households as a source of food.A: in short store B: in short provision C: in short reserve D: in short supply
问题:共用题干 Why People Use Pseudonyms(假名字)?You can't choose the name you are given at birth,but in many countries you can change it legally when you reach adulthood.Of course,most people never change their names______(1)they feel unhappy about them.However,some people do______(2)thiscourse of action一particularly artists!What makes an artist want to change their name? Sometimes it's for purely______(3)reasons,such as the Nobel Prize winning poet from Chile,Neftalil Reyes.He didn't want his father to______(4)he was writing poetry,so he changed his name to Pablo Neruda when he was a young man.______(5)other times the reason may appear strange;take the case of the Portuguese poet Fernando Pessoa,______(6)wrote under 7 different names.The reason? “When I use a different name,I always write in a different way,”he explained.In most cases,______(7),people change their names for social,historical,political,or cultural reasons.Here are some of the most______(8):The person's real name is just______(9)long and difficult to remember.Let's be honest,Madonna Louise Ciccone is not as______(10)to remember as just plain“Madonna”.And short names are much easier to remember:William Bradley became Brad Pitt and Edson Arantes do Nascimento became Pele.Sometimes names are changed for marketing______(11).For example,if a name sounds too“foreign”,it may be changed to something that is more recognizable in a______(12).So in the film world,Ram6n Estvez adopted the name Martin Sheen.Or maybe the artist's real name doesn't sound very att ractive一Chad Everett does______(13)a lot better than Raymond Cramton.Artists sometimes______(14)the name of someone they admire.Robert Zimmerman changed his name to Boo Dylan because of his admiration for the Welsh poet,Dylan Thomas.Another reason may be practicality:in the past, women found it very difficult to get published.To______(15)this situation,they sometimes gave themselves men's names.So the English author Mary Ann Evans became George Eliot,and she did get her books published!9._________A:soB:veryC:tooD:much
问题: The novel made a great impact on its readers.A:force B:influence C:surprise D:power
问题: Attitudes to mental illness have shifted in recent years.A:displayed B:shown C:changed D:demonstrated