Recent pressure at work may account for his behavior.A: explain B: change C: influence D: embody

Passage 1
In his book The Tipping Point,Malcolm Gladwell argues that"social epidemics"are driven in?large part by the actions of a tiny minority of special individuals,often called influentials,who are?unusually informed,persuasive,or well-connected．The idea is intuitively compelling,but it doesn′t?explain how ideas actually spread．
The supposed importance of influentials derives from a plausible-sounding but largely untested?theory called the"two-step flow of communication":Information flows from the media to the?influentials and from them to everyone else．Marketers have embraced the two-step flow because it?suggests that if they can just find and influence the influentials,those selected people will do most of?the work for them．The theory also seems to explain the sudden and unexpected popularity of certain?looks,brands,or neighborhoods．In many such cases,a cursory search for causes finds that some?small group of people was wearing,promoting,or developing whatever it is before anyone else paid?attention．Anecdotal evidence of this kind fits nicely with the idea that only certain special people?can drive trends．
In their recent work,however,some researchers have come up with the finding that influentials?have far less impact on social epidemics than is generally supposed．In fact,they don′t seem to be?required of all．
The researchers′argument stems from a simple observation about social influence:With the?exception of a few celebrities like Oprah Winfrey--whose outsize presence is primarily a function of?media,not interpersonal,influence--even the most influential members of a population simply don′t?interact with that many others．Yet it is precisely these non-celebrity influentials who,according to?the two-step-flow theory,are supposed to drive social epidemics,by influencing their friends and?colleagues directly．For a social epidemic to occur,however,each person so affected must then?influence his or her own acquaintances,who must in turn influence theirs,and so on;and just how?many others pay attention to each of these people has little to do with the initial influential．If people?in the network just two degrees removed from the initial influential prove resistant,for example,the?cascade of change won′t propagate very far or affect many people．
Building on the basic truth about interpersonal influence,the researchers studied the dynamics?of social influence by conducting thousands of computer simulations of populations,manipulating a?number of variables relating to people′s ability to influence others and their tendency to be?influenced．They found that the principal requirement for what is called"global cascades"—the?widespread propagation of influence through networks--is the presence not of a few influentials but,rather,of a critical mass of easily influenced people．

What the researchers have observed recently shows that__________．查看材料

A.the power of influence goes with social interactions
B.interpersonal links can be enhanced through the media
C.influentials have more channels to reach the public
D.most celebrities enjoy wide media attention

Passage 1
In his book The Tipping Point,Malcolm Gladwell argues that"social epidemics"are driven in?large part by the actions of a tiny minority of special individuals,often called influentials,who are?unusually informed,persuasive,or well-connected．The idea is intuitively compelling,but it doesn′t?explain how ideas actually spread．
The supposed importance of influentials derives from a plausible-sounding but largely untested?theory called the"two-step flow of communication":Information flows from the media to the?influentials and from them to everyone else．Marketers have embraced the two-step flow because it?suggests that if they can just find and influence the influentials,those selected people will do most of?the work for them．The theory also seems to explain the sudden and unexpected popularity of certain?looks,brands,or neighborhoods．In many such cases,a cursory search for causes finds that some?small group of people was wearing,promoting,or developing whatever it is before anyone else paid?attention．Anecdotal evidence of this kind fits nicely with the idea that only certain special people?can drive trends．
In their recent work,however,some researchers have come up with the finding that influentials?have far less impact on social epidemics than is generally supposed．In fact,they don′t seem to be?required of all．
The researchers′argument stems from a simple observation about social influence:With the?exception of a few celebrities like Oprah Winfrey--whose outsize presence is primarily a function of?media,not interpersonal,influence--even the most influential members of a population simply don′t?interact with that many others．Yet it is precisely these non-celebrity influentials who,according to?the two-step-flow theory,are supposed to drive social epidemics,by influencing their friends and?colleagues directly．For a social epidemic to occur,however,each person so affected must then?influence his or her own acquaintances,who must in turn influence theirs,and so on;and just how?many others pay attention to each of these people has little to do with the initial influential．If people?in the network just two degrees removed from the initial influential prove resistant,for example,the?cascade of change won′t propagate very far or affect many people．
Building on the basic truth about interpersonal influence,the researchers studied the dynamics?of social influence by conducting thousands of computer simulations of populations,manipulating a?number of variables relating to people′s ability to influence others and their tendency to be?influenced．They found that the principal requirement for what is called"global cascades"—the?widespread propagation of influence through networks--is the presence not of a few influentials but,rather,of a critical mass of easily influenced people．

The author suggests that the"two-step flow theory"__________．查看材料

A.serves as a solution to marketing problems
B.has helped explain certain prevalent trends
C.has won support from influentials
D.requires solid evidence for its validity

He was unable to give a credible explanation for his behavior.

A:workable
B:convincing
C:practical
D:reliable

Passage 1
In his book The Tipping Point,Malcolm Gladwell argues that"social epidemics"are driven in?large part by the actions of a tiny minority of special individuals,often called influentials,who are?unusually informed,persuasive,or well-connected．The idea is intuitively compelling,but it doesn′t?explain how ideas actually spread．
The supposed importance of influentials derives from a plausible-sounding but largely untested?theory called the"two-step flow of communication":Information flows from the media to the?influentials and from them to everyone else．Marketers have embraced the two-step flow because it?suggests that if they can just find and influence the influentials,those selected people will do most of?the work for them．The theory also seems to explain the sudden and unexpected popularity of certain?looks,brands,or neighborhoods．In many such cases,a cursory search for causes finds that some?small group of people was wearing,promoting,or developing whatever it is before anyone else paid?attention．Anecdotal evidence of this kind fits nicely with the idea that only certain special people?can drive trends．
In their recent work,however,some researchers have come up with the finding that influentials?have far less impact on social epidemics than is generally supposed．In fact,they don′t seem to be?required of all．
The researchers′argument stems from a simple observation about social influence:With the?exception of a few celebrities like Oprah Winfrey--whose outsize presence is primarily a function of?media,not interpersonal,influence--even the most influential members of a population simply don′t?interact with that many others．Yet it is precisely these non-celebrity influentials who,according to?the two-step-flow theory,are supposed to drive social epidemics,by influencing their friends and?colleagues directly．For a social epidemic to occur,however,each person so affected must then?influence his or her own acquaintances,who must in turn influence theirs,and so on;and just how?many others pay attention to each of these people has little to do with the initial influential．If people?in the network just two degrees removed from the initial influential prove resistant,for example,the?cascade of change won′t propagate very far or affect many people．
Building on the basic truth about interpersonal influence,the researchers studied the dynamics?of social influence by conducting thousands of computer simulations of populations,manipulating a?number of variables relating to people′s ability to influence others and their tendency to be?influenced．They found that the principal requirement for what is called"global cascades"—the?widespread propagation of influence through networks--is the presence not of a few influentials but,rather,of a critical mass of easily influenced people．

By citing the book The Tipping Point,the author intends to__________．查看材料

A.analyze the consequences of social epidemics
B.discuss influentials'function in spreading ideas
C.exemplify people's intuitive response to social epidemics
D.describe the essential characteristics ofinfluentials

Which of the following may better check students′ ability of using a grammatical structure

A.Having them work out the rule.

B.Having them give some examples.

C.Having them explain the meaning.

D.Having them explain the structure.

The phenomenon of may be the factor to cause the fewest changes in the English language in recent years.

A．moving toward greater informality
B．the influence of American English
C．the influence of science and technology
D．the conflicts between or among nations

Which of the following may better check students' ability of using a grammatical struc-ture?

A．Having them work out the rule.
B．Having them give some examples.
C．Having them explain the meaning.
D．Having them explain the structure.

Please account for your disrespectful behavior.

A:explain
B:examine
C:eliminate
D:stop