1840年，英国对中国发动侵略战争，战后签订了（　　）。

答案：D

解析：

正确答案：

Early in the 19th century, the Qing Dynasty declined rapidly. Britain smuggled large quantities of opium into China and the Qing government imposed a ban on the drug. In an effort to protect its opium trade, Britain launched a war of aggression against China in 1840. The Qing government finally signed the Treaty of Nanking with the British government, which was a national betrayal and humiliation. Many countries, including Britain, the United States, France, Russia and Japan, forced the Qing government to sign various unequal treaties ofter the Opium War. China was gradually relegated to a semi-colonial, semi-feudal country. The Revolution of 1911 led by Dr. Sun Yat-sen overthrew the Qing Dynasty, ended over 2,000 years of feudal monarchy and established the Republic of China.
【难点注释】
1．第一句中，“迅速衰败”可以译为declined rapidly。
2．第二句中，“鸦片”可以译为0pium，“查禁鸦片”译为impose a ban on the drug。
3. 第三句中，“发动侵略战争”可以译为lanced a war of aggression；“丧权辱国”采用非限制性定语从句which、wasa national betrayal and humihafion来表示。
4．第四句中，“逐渐沦为半殖民地半封建社会”译为gradually mlegated to a semi-colonial, serni-feudal country。
5．第五句中，“中华民国”可以译为the Republic ofChina。

正确答案：B
20．B [解析]英国侵略中国的目的是要打开中国市场，以倾销其产品，开放通商口岸最直接反映了英国侵略中国的目的。