Practice 11　　Now people have a choice about where they work

共用题干
第二篇

Spoilt for Choice

Choice,we are made to believe,is a right. In daily life,people have come to expect endless situations
about which they are required to make decisions one way or another. In the main,these are just annoying
moments at work which demand some extra energy or brainpower,or during lunch breaks like choosing which
type of coffee to order or indeed which coffee shop to go to.But sometimes selecting one option as opposed to
another can have serious or lifelong consequences.More complex decision-making is then either avoided,
postponed,or put into the hands of the army of professionals,lifestyle coaches,lawyers,advisors,and the like,
waiting to lighten the emotional burden for a fee.But for a good many people in the world,in rich and poor
countries,choice is a luxury,not a right. And for those who think they are exercising their right to make
choices,the whole system is merely an illusion,created by companies and advertisers wanting to sell their
wares。
The main impact of endless choice in people's lives is anxiety.Buying something as basic as a coffee pot
is not exactly simple.Easy access to a wide range of consumer goods induces a sense of powerlessness,even
paralysis（瘫痪）,in many people,ending in the shopper giving up and walking away,or just buying an un-
suitable item that is not really wanted in order to solve the problem and reduce the unease.Recent surveys in
the United Kingdom have shown that a sizeable proportion of electrical goods bought per household are not
reilly needed.The advertisers and the manufacturers are,nonetheless,satisfied.
It is not just their availability that is the problem,but the speed with which new versions of products
come on the market.Advances in design and production mean that new items are almost ready by the time
that goods hit the shelves.Products also need to have a short lifespan so that the public can be persuaded to
replace them within a short time.The classic example is computers,which are almost outdated once they are
bought.At first,there were only one or two available from a limited number of manufacturers,but now there
are many companies all with not only their own products but different versions of the same machine.This
makes selection a problem.Gone are the days when one could just walk with ease into a shop and buy one
thing;no choice,no anxiety.
The plethora（过剩）of choice is not limited to consumer items. With the greater mobility of people
around the world,people have more choice about where they want to live and work一a fairly recent phenome-
non.In the past,nations migrated across the earth in search of food,adventure,and more hospitable environ-
ments.Whole nations crossed continents and changed the face of history.So the mobility of people is nothing
new. The creation of nation states and borders effectively slowed this process down.

How does migration today differ from that of the past?
A:People now migrate to find better jobs.
B:People now migrate for better life.
C:People now migrate for better environments.
D:People now have more choice about where to migrate.

共用题干
第二篇

Spoilt for Choice

Choice,we are made to believe,is a right. In daily life,people have come to expect endless situations
about which they are required to make decisions one way or another. In the main,these are just annoying
moments at work which demand some extra energy or brainpower,or during lunch breaks like choosing which
type of coffee to order or indeed which coffee shop to go to.But sometimes selecting one option as opposed to
another can have serious or lifelong consequences.More complex decision-making is then either avoided,
postponed,or put into the hands of the army of professionals,lifestyle coaches,lawyers,advisors,and the like,
waiting to lighten the emotional burden for a fee.But for a good many people in the world,in rich and poor
countries,choice is a luxury,not a right. And for those who think they are exercising their right to make
choices,the whole system is merely an illusion,created by companies and advertisers wanting to sell their
wares。
The main impact of endless choice in people's lives is anxiety.Buying something as basic as a coffee pot
is not exactly simple.Easy access to a wide range of consumer goods induces a sense of powerlessness,even
paralysis（瘫痪）,in many people,ending in the shopper giving up and walking away,or just buying an un-
suitable item that is not really wanted in order to solve the problem and reduce the unease.Recent surveys in
the United Kingdom have shown that a sizeable proportion of electrical goods bought per household are not
reilly needed.The advertisers and the manufacturers are,nonetheless,satisfied.
It is not just their availability that is the problem,but the speed with which new versions of products
come on the market.Advances in design and production mean that new items are almost ready by the time
that goods hit the shelves.Products also need to have a short lifespan so that the public can be persuaded to
replace them within a short time.The classic example is computers,which are almost outdated once they are
bought.At first,there were only one or two available from a limited number of manufacturers,but now there
are many companies all with not only their own products but different versions of the same machine.This
makes selection a problem.Gone are the days when one could just walk with ease into a shop and buy one
thing;no choice,no anxiety.
The plethora（过剩）of choice is not limited to consumer items. With the greater mobility of people
around the world,people have more choice about where they want to live and work一a fairly recent phenome-
non.In the past,nations migrated across the earth in search of food,adventure,and more hospitable environ-
ments.Whole nations crossed continents and changed the face of history.So the mobility of people is nothing
new. The creation of nation states and borders effectively slowed this process down.

Sometimes people ask professionals to help them make decisions because_________.
A:the decisions may have serious impact on their lives
B:only professionals have the right to do that
C:they have sufficient money to pay
D:they have emotional problems

共用题干
The Industrial Age and Employment

The industrial age has been the only period of human history in which most people's
work has taken the form of jobs.The industrial age may now be coming to an end,and
some of the changes in work patterns which it brought about may have to be reversed.This
seems a daunting（大胆的）thought. But, in fact, it could offer the prospect of a better
future for work.Universal employment,as its history shows,has not meant economic freedom.
Employment became widespread when the enclosures of the 17th and 18th centuries
made many people dependent on paid work by depriving（剥夺）them of the use of the
land,and thus of the means to provide a living for themselves.Then the factory system
destroyed the cottage industries and removed work from people's homes.Later,as
transport improved, first by rail and then by road, people commuted（乘车往返）longer
distances to their places of employment until,eventually,many people's work lost all
connection with their home lives and the places in which they lived.
Meanwhile,employment put women at a disadvantage.In pre-industrial times,men
and women had shared the productive work of the household and village community.Now it
became customary(惯例的）for the husband to go out to paid employment, leaving the
unpaid work of the home and family to his wife.Tax and benefit regulations still assume this
norm today,and restrict more flexible sharing of work roles between the sexes.
It was not only women whose work status suffered.As employment became the
dominant form of work,young people and old people were excluded-a problem now,as
more teenagers become frustrated at school and more retired people want to live active lives.
All this may now have to change.The time has certainly come to switch some efforts
and resources away from the utopian（乌托邦的）goal of creating jobs for all, to the urgent
practical task of helping many people to manage without full-time jobs.

Universal employment has brought about economic freedom.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned

共用题干
第二篇

Spoilt for Choice

Choice,we are made to believe,is a right. In daily life,people have come to expect endless situations
about which they are required to make decisions one way or another. In the main,these are just annoying
moments at work which demand some extra energy or brainpower,or during lunch breaks like choosing which
type of coffee to order or indeed which coffee shop to go to.But sometimes selecting one option as opposed to
another can have serious or lifelong consequences.More complex decision-making is then either avoided,
postponed,or put into the hands of the army of professionals,lifestyle coaches,lawyers,advisors,and the like,
waiting to lighten the emotional burden for a fee.But for a good many people in the world,in rich and poor
countries,choice is a luxury,not a right. And for those who think they are exercising their right to make
choices,the whole system is merely an illusion,created by companies and advertisers wanting to sell their
wares。
The main impact of endless choice in people's lives is anxiety.Buying something as basic as a coffee pot
is not exactly simple.Easy access to a wide range of consumer goods induces a sense of powerlessness,even
paralysis（瘫痪）,in many people,ending in the shopper giving up and walking away,or just buying an un-
suitable item that is not really wanted in order to solve the problem and reduce the unease.Recent surveys in
the United Kingdom have shown that a sizeable proportion of electrical goods bought per household are not
reilly needed.The advertisers and the manufacturers are,nonetheless,satisfied.
It is not just their availability that is the problem,but the speed with which new versions of products
come on the market.Advances in design and production mean that new items are almost ready by the time
that goods hit the shelves.Products also need to have a short lifespan so that the public can be persuaded to
replace them within a short time.The classic example is computers,which are almost outdated once they are
bought.At first,there were only one or two available from a limited number of manufacturers,but now there
are many companies all with not only their own products but different versions of the same machine.This
makes selection a problem.Gone are the days when one could just walk with ease into a shop and buy one
thing;no choice,no anxiety.
The plethora（过剩）of choice is not limited to consumer items. With the greater mobility of people
around the world,people have more choice about where they want to live and work一a fairly recent phenome-
non.In the past,nations migrated across the earth in search of food,adventure,and more hospitable environ-
ments.Whole nations crossed continents and changed the face of history.So the mobility of people is nothing
new. The creation of nation states and borders effectively slowed this process down.

Why do products have a short lifespan nowadays?
A:They are of poor quality.
B:They are quickly replaced with new ones.
C:They have too many versions.
D:They are not designed by computers.

共用题干
第二篇

Spoilt for Choice

Choice,we are made to believe,is a right. In daily life,people have come to expect endless situations
about which they are required to make decisions one way or another. In the main,these are just annoying
moments at work which demand some extra energy or brainpower,or during lunch breaks like choosing which
type of coffee to order or indeed which coffee shop to go to.But sometimes selecting one option as opposed to
another can have serious or lifelong consequences.More complex decision-making is then either avoided,
postponed,or put into the hands of the army of professionals,lifestyle coaches,lawyers,advisors,and the like,
waiting to lighten the emotional burden for a fee.But for a good many people in the world,in rich and poor
countries,choice is a luxury,not a right. And for those who think they are exercising their right to make
choices,the whole system is merely an illusion,created by companies and advertisers wanting to sell their
wares。
The main impact of endless choice in people's lives is anxiety.Buying something as basic as a coffee pot
is not exactly simple.Easy access to a wide range of consumer goods induces a sense of powerlessness,even
paralysis（瘫痪）,in many people,ending in the shopper giving up and walking away,or just buying an un-
suitable item that is not really wanted in order to solve the problem and reduce the unease.Recent surveys in
the United Kingdom have shown that a sizeable proportion of electrical goods bought per household are not
reilly needed.The advertisers and the manufacturers are,nonetheless,satisfied.
It is not just their availability that is the problem,but the speed with which new versions of products
come on the market.Advances in design and production mean that new items are almost ready by the time
that goods hit the shelves.Products also need to have a short lifespan so that the public can be persuaded to
replace them within a short time.The classic example is computers,which are almost outdated once they are
bought.At first,there were only one or two available from a limited number of manufacturers,but now there
are many companies all with not only their own products but different versions of the same machine.This
makes selection a problem.Gone are the days when one could just walk with ease into a shop and buy one
thing;no choice,no anxiety.
The plethora（过剩）of choice is not limited to consumer items. With the greater mobility of people
around the world,people have more choice about where they want to live and work一a fairly recent phenome-
non.In the past,nations migrated across the earth in search of food,adventure,and more hospitable environ-
ments.Whole nations crossed continents and changed the face of history.So the mobility of people is nothing
new. The creation of nation states and borders effectively slowed this process down.

When people cannot easily decide what to buy,which of the following is the least possible choice?
A:Giving up.
B:Walking away.
C:Buying an unsuitable item.
D:Seeking advice.

共用题干
第二篇

Spoilt for Choice

Choice,we are made to believe,is a right. In daily life,people have come to expect endless situations
about which they are required to make decisions one way or another. In the main,these are just annoying
moments at work which demand some extra energy or brainpower,or during lunch breaks like choosing which
type of coffee to order or indeed which coffee shop to go to.But sometimes selecting one option as opposed to
another can have serious or lifelong consequences.More complex decision-making is then either avoided,
postponed,or put into the hands of the army of professionals,lifestyle coaches,lawyers,advisors,and the like,
waiting to lighten the emotional burden for a fee.But for a good many people in the world,in rich and poor
countries,choice is a luxury,not a right. And for those who think they are exercising their right to make
choices,the whole system is merely an illusion,created by companies and advertisers wanting to sell their
wares。
The main impact of endless choice in people's lives is anxiety.Buying something as basic as a coffee pot
is not exactly simple.Easy access to a wide range of consumer goods induces a sense of powerlessness,even
paralysis（瘫痪）,in many people,ending in the shopper giving up and walking away,or just buying an un-
suitable item that is not really wanted in order to solve the problem and reduce the unease.Recent surveys in
the United Kingdom have shown that a sizeable proportion of electrical goods bought per household are not
reilly needed.The advertisers and the manufacturers are,nonetheless,satisfied.
It is not just their availability that is the problem,but the speed with which new versions of products
come on the market.Advances in design and production mean that new items are almost ready by the time
that goods hit the shelves.Products also need to have a short lifespan so that the public can be persuaded to
replace them within a short time.The classic example is computers,which are almost outdated once they are
bought.At first,there were only one or two available from a limited number of manufacturers,but now there
are many companies all with not only their own products but different versions of the same machine.This
makes selection a problem.Gone are the days when one could just walk with ease into a shop and buy one
thing;no choice,no anxiety.
The plethora（过剩）of choice is not limited to consumer items. With the greater mobility of people
around the world,people have more choice about where they want to live and work一a fairly recent phenome-
non.In the past,nations migrated across the earth in search of food,adventure,and more hospitable environ-
ments.Whole nations crossed continents and changed the face of history.So the mobility of people is nothing
new. The creation of nation states and borders effectively slowed this process down.

Which of the following best expresses the writer's view on choice?
A: Better more choice than no choice.
B:Better no choice than more choice.
C:All choice is easy.
D:More choice,more anxiety.

--____________work in future?
--I have no idea.

A.Where do you think will people
B.Where do you think people will
C.Do you think where will people
D.Do you think where do people

共用题干
The Industrial Age and Employment

The industrial age has been the only period of human history in which most people's
work has taken the form of jobs.The industrial age may now be coming to an end,and
some of the changes in work patterns which it brought about may have to be reversed.This
seems a daunting（大胆的）thought. But, in fact, it could offer the prospect of a better
future for work.Universal employment,as its history shows,has not meant economic freedom.
Employment became widespread when the enclosures of the 17th and 18th centuries
made many people dependent on paid work by depriving（剥夺）them of the use of the
land,and thus of the means to provide a living for themselves.Then the factory system
destroyed the cottage industries and removed work from people's homes.Later,as
transport improved, first by rail and then by road, people commuted（乘车往返）longer
distances to their places of employment until,eventually,many people's work lost all
connection with their home lives and the places in which they lived.
Meanwhile,employment put women at a disadvantage.In pre-industrial times,men
and women had shared the productive work of the household and village community.Now it
became customary(惯例的）for the husband to go out to paid employment, leaving the
unpaid work of the home and family to his wife.Tax and benefit regulations still assume this
norm today,and restrict more flexible sharing of work roles between the sexes.
It was not only women whose work status suffered.As employment became the
dominant form of work,young people and old people were excluded-a problem now,as
more teenagers become frustrated at school and more retired people want to live active lives.
All this may now have to change.The time has certainly come to switch some efforts
and resources away from the utopian（乌托邦的）goal of creating jobs for all, to the urgent
practical task of helping many people to manage without full-time jobs.

Now is the time to handle the issue of employment in a practical manner.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned

共用题干
The Industrial Age and Employment

The industrial age has been the only period of human history in which most people's
work has taken the form of jobs.The industrial age may now be coming to an end,and
some of the changes in work patterns which it brought about may have to be reversed.This
seems a daunting（大胆的）thought. But, in fact, it could offer the prospect of a better
future for work.Universal employment,as its history shows,has not meant economic freedom.
Employment became widespread when the enclosures of the 17th and 18th centuries
made many people dependent on paid work by depriving（剥夺）them of the use of the
land,and thus of the means to provide a living for themselves.Then the factory system
destroyed the cottage industries and removed work from people's homes.Later,as
transport improved, first by rail and then by road, people commuted（乘车往返）longer
distances to their places of employment until,eventually,many people's work lost all
connection with their home lives and the places in which they lived.
Meanwhile,employment put women at a disadvantage.In pre-industrial times,men
and women had shared the productive work of the household and village community.Now it
became customary(惯例的）for the husband to go out to paid employment, leaving the
unpaid work of the home and family to his wife.Tax and benefit regulations still assume this
norm today,and restrict more flexible sharing of work roles between the sexes.
It was not only women whose work status suffered.As employment became the
dominant form of work,young people and old people were excluded-a problem now,as
more teenagers become frustrated at school and more retired people want to live active lives.
All this may now have to change.The time has certainly come to switch some efforts
and resources away from the utopian（乌托邦的）goal of creating jobs for all, to the urgent
practical task of helping many people to manage without full-time jobs.

Many people depended on the land for a living before the 17th century.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned