单选题What is the main idea ofthe passage?A Older adults falls are on the rise.B People should keep quiet about their falls.C Older adults are losing their independence.D Older adult falls cause brain injuries.

Text 2 You would think that the young and digitally intellectual-the generation that grew up with computers at their fingertips-would be the least likely age group to fall victim of online fiaud.But the opposite is true."We've bought into stereotypes about fraud victims-they're usually seen as wlnerable and elderly,or gullible and poorly educated,"says Emma Fletcher,product manager at the BBB Institute."These stereotypes are strongly held-and they are wrong.We are all at risk,but younger and more educated individuals are actually the most likely to be deceived."Similarly,a 2016 report by Norton,the antivirus company,found that 44 per cent of millennials had been the victim of an online crime in the past year,compared with just 16 per cent ofbaby boomers.Research by Barclays this year backs this up.The Barclays Digital Safety Index highlights that almost two thirds of 18-24 year-olds had fallen prey to hackers or viruses.Yet when asked about actions taken to prevent future attacks,millennials were less likely than their older counterparts to take positive action,such as installing an anti-virus software following a computer system collapse.One reason is what is known as"optimism bias"-the idea that other people might be more One reason is what is known as"optimism bias"-the idea that other people might be more vulnerable than you and that you know better.Younger people are usually more knowledgeable about IT than those in the generations above them.But this makes them less likely to heed advice about staying safe,whereas,perhaps surprisingly,older people are more inclined to listen.But this is not the only reason.Younger people spend far more time online.They shop more there（meaning their card details are entered more ofien and stored in many more databases）and they share much more personal information online.According to Ofcom's 2016 Media Use and Attitudes Report,more than 90 pcr cent of those aged 16-34 have social-media accounts.For those aged between 55 and 64,this figure drops t0 51 per cent.For those 65 and over,it's 30 per cent.Interestingly,though,according the Office ofNational Statistics,older people are more likely to be victims ofrepeat fraud.This may be because they tend to be more trusting.Research at the University of California suggests that this isn't just because they grew up in more innocent times.Rather,age-related changes in the brain mean that as people get older,they tend to trust more and question less.30.Which of the following can be the best title ofthe text?

A.Who Is More Likely to Be Cheated,Young or the Older
B.How to Guard Against Online Scam
C.Millennials:The Most Vulnerable Online Victim
D.The Older Who Trusts More

共用题干
第三篇

Smart Exercise

Doctors are starting to find more and more information that suggests a connection
between exercise and brain development.Judy Cameron,a scientist at Oregon Health and
Science University,studies brain development.According to her research,it seems that
exercise can make blood vessels,including those in the brain,stronger and more fully
developed.Dr. Cameron claims this allows people who exercise to concentrate better. As
she says:"While we already know that exercise is good for the heart,exercise can literally
cause physical changes in the brain."
The effects of exercise on brain development can even be seen in babies.Babies who
do activities that require a lot of movement and physical activity show greater brain
development than babies who are less physically active.With babies,even a{ittle
movement can show big results. Margaret Barnes , a pediatrician（儿科医师）,believes in
the importance of exercise.She thinks that many learning disabilities that children have in
elementary school or high school can be traced back to a lack of movement as babies.
"Babies need movement that stimulates their five senses.They need to establish a
connection between motion and memory.In this way,as they get older,children will begin
to associate physical activity with higher learning,"says Margaret.
Older people can beef up their brains as well.Cornell University studied a group of
seniors ranging in age from seventy to seventy-nine. Their study showed a short-term
memory increase of up to 40 percent after exercising just three hours a week.The exercise
does not have to be very difficult,but it does have to increase the heart rate.Also,just like
the motion for infants,exercise for older people should involve some complexity.Learning
some new skills or motions helps to open up memory paths in the brain that may not have
been used for a long time.
For most people,any type of physical activity that increases the heart rate is helpful.
The main goal is to increase the brain's flow of blood.And your brain can benefit from as
little as two to three hours of exercise a week.

The title of the passage implies that
A:only smart people do exercise.
B: exercise can be smart or stupid.
C:exercise keeps the brain strong.
D:it is fashionable to do exercise.

共用题干
第三篇

Smart Exercise

Doctors are starting to find more and more information that suggests a connection
between exercise and brain development.Judy Cameron,a scientist at Oregon Health and
Science University,studies brain development.According to her research,it seems that
exercise can make blood vessels,including those in the brain,stronger and more fully
developed.Dr. Cameron claims this allows people who exercise to concentrate better. As
she says:"While we already know that exercise is good for the heart,exercise can literally
cause physical changes in the brain."
The effects of exercise on brain development can even be seen in babies.Babies who
do activities that require a lot of movement and physical activity show greater brain
development than babies who are less physically active.With babies,even a{ittle
movement can show big results. Margaret Barnes , a pediatrician（儿科医师）,believes in
the importance of exercise.She thinks that many learning disabilities that children have in
elementary school or high school can be traced back to a lack of movement as babies.
"Babies need movement that stimulates their five senses.They need to establish a
connection between motion and memory.In this way,as they get older,children will begin
to associate physical activity with higher learning,"says Margaret.
Older people can beef up their brains as well.Cornell University studied a group of
seniors ranging in age from seventy to seventy-nine. Their study showed a short-term
memory increase of up to 40 percent after exercising just three hours a week.The exercise
does not have to be very difficult,but it does have to increase the heart rate.Also,just like
the motion for infants,exercise for older people should involve some complexity.Learning
some new skills or motions helps to open up memory paths in the brain that may not have
been used for a long time.
For most people,any type of physical activity that increases the heart rate is helpful.
The main goal is to increase the brain's flow of blood.And your brain can benefit from as
little as two to three hours of exercise a week.

Margaret Barnes thinks that a lack of movement in infancy can
A:lead to learning troubles later.
B:cause physical disabilities later.
C:stimulate the five senses.
D:bring about changes in the brain.

共用题干
第三篇

Smart Exercise

Doctors are starting to find more and more information that suggests a connection
between exercise and brain development.Judy Cameron,a scientist at Oregon Health and
Science University,studies brain development.According to her research,it seems that
exercise can make blood vessels,including those in the brain,stronger and more fully
developed.Dr. Cameron claims this allows people who exercise to concentrate better. As
she says:"While we already know that exercise is good for the heart,exercise can literally
cause physical changes in the brain."
The effects of exercise on brain development can even be seen in babies.Babies who
do activities that require a lot of movement and physical activity show greater brain
development than babies who are less physically active.With babies,even a{ittle
movement can show big results. Margaret Barnes , a pediatrician（儿科医师）,believes in
the importance of exercise.She thinks that many learning disabilities that children have in
elementary school or high school can be traced back to a lack of movement as babies.
"Babies need movement that stimulates their five senses.They need to establish a
connection between motion and memory.In this way,as they get older,children will begin
to associate physical activity with higher learning,"says Margaret.
Older people can beef up their brains as well.Cornell University studied a group of
seniors ranging in age from seventy to seventy-nine. Their study showed a short-term
memory increase of up to 40 percent after exercising just three hours a week.The exercise
does not have to be very difficult,but it does have to increase the heart rate.Also,just like
the motion for infants,exercise for older people should involve some complexity.Learning
some new skills or motions helps to open up memory paths in the brain that may not have
been used for a long time.
For most people,any type of physical activity that increases the heart rate is helpful.
The main goal is to increase the brain's flow of blood.And your brain can benefit from as
little as two to three hours of exercise a week.

To be beneficial,exercise for older people should
A:be done in a group.
B: be done on a daily basis.
C: involve great difficulty.
D:increase the heart rate.

共用题干
第二篇

Exercise and Brain

Just as exercise strengthens the heart and lungs,bones and muscles,it may also power up the brain.A succession of scientific studies of animals implies that physical activity has a positive effect on mental functioning.
"It's clear that the brain benefits from exercise,"says brain scientist William Greenough of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.His studies with rats have demonstrated two primary effects of activity:Vigorous physical exercise provides the brain with more fuel,and skill-based ex-ercise increases the formation of connections in the brain, which, according to the proposals of some scientists,may make the brain better able to process information.
In one experiment,laboratory rats were separated into three groups.One group was exercised by running inside an automatic wheel,a second group improved their skills in a complicated obstacle course,and a third group was inactive.
"The animals that learned to go through the obstacle course exhibited a greater number of brain connections than the animals in the exercised or inactive groups,"Greenough said."In contrast, the animals that exercised inside the automatic wheel possessed a greater density of blood vessels in the brain than did either of the other two groups of animals."
Learning a new dance step may boost the brain in the same way that learning a language can, he says.And if the dance is a good physical exercise as well,the benefits multiply.Young brains may be especially able to boost brain power through exercise,suggested another of Greenough's experiments that showed the most significant changes in the brain occurred among rats that had been exercised when very young.And while animals aren't people,he says it is logical to make the inference that an effect found in rats may also apply to humans.
Human studies have focused primarily on older adults and suggest that regular exercise can improve the speed with which the brain processes information.Measurements made by Arthur Kramer at the University of Illinois demonstrated that inactive adults,aged 63 to 82,could hit buttons faster in response to a tone after they went through a 10-week water exercise course.A corresponding control group that didn't exercise showed no improvement.

Which statement is correct according to the passage?
A:The effect of exercises found in rats can not apply to people.
B:Changes in the brain occurred among young rats are more significant than those among adult rats.
C:Regular exercise can only improve the speed with which the older adults' brain processes information.
D:The author encourages people do more skill-based exercise instead of vigorous physical exercise.