单选题The author of Passage 1 most likely refers to logging (line 26) to ______.A explain why there are so many orphan chimpsB criticize the inhabitants of several African nations for their cruel actionsC offer an alternative industry to capturing chimpanzee

题目

单选题

The author of Passage 1 most likely refers to logging (line 26) to ______.

explain why there are so many orphan chimps

criticize the inhabitants of several African nations for their cruel actions

offer an alternative industry to capturing chimpanzees

describe one of the reasons the chimp population is decreasing

elucidate the factors contributing to Africa's economic development

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第1题：

It has been thought and said that Africans are born with musical talent.Because music is so important in the lives of many Africans and because so much music is performed in Africa, we are inclined to think that all Africans are musicians.The impression is strengthened when we look at ourselves and find that we have become largely a society of musical spectators (旁观).Music is important to us, but most of us can be considered consumers rather than producers of music.We have records, televisions, concerts, and radios to fulfil many of our musical needs.In most situations where music is performed in our culture it is not difficult to distinguish the audience from the performers, but such is often not the case in Africa.Alban Ayipaga, a Kasena semiprofessional musician from northern Ghana, says that when his flute (长笛) and drum ensemble (歌舞团) is performing, "Anybody can take part".This is true, but Kasena musicians recognize that not all people are equally capable of taking part in the music.Some can sing along with the drummers, but relatively few can drum and even fewer can play the flute along with the ensemble.It is fairly common in Africa for there to be an ensemble of expert musicians surrounded by others who join in by clapping, singing, or somehow adding to the totality of musical sound.Performances often take place in an open area (that is, not on a stage) and so the lines between the performing nucleus and the additional performers, active spectators, and passive spectators may be difficult to draw from our point of view.

1、The difference between us and Africans, as far as music is concerned, is that().

A、most of us are consumers while most of them are producers of music

B、we are musical performers and they are semiprofessional musicians

C、most of us are passive spectators while they are active spectators

D、we are the audience and they are the additional performers

2、The author of the passage implies that().

A、all Africans are musical and therefore much music is performed in Africa

B、not all Africans are born with musical talent although music is important in their lives

C、most Africans are capable of joining in the music by playing musical instruments

D、most Africans perform. as well as professional musicians

3、The word "nucleus" probably refers to().

A、musicians famous in Africa

B、musicians at the centre of attention

C、musicians acting as the core in a performance

D、active participants in a musical performance

4、The best title for this passage would be().

A、The Importance of Music to African People

B、Differences Between African Music and Music of Other Countries

C、The Relationship Between Musicians and Their Audience

D、A Characteristic Feature of African Musical Performances

参考答案：CBCD

第2题：

请阅读Passage 1。完成第小题。
Passage 1
African elephants have been slaughtered at alarming rate over the past decade, largely because they are the primary source of the world's ivory. Their population has been dwindled from 1.3 million in 1979 to just 625,000 today, and the rate of killing has been accelerating in recent years because many of the older, bigger tusked animals have already been destroyed. "The poachers now must kill times as many elephants to get the same quantity of ivory," explained Curtis Bohlen,Senior vice president of the World Wildlife Fund.
Though its record on the environment has been spotty so far, the government last week took the lead in a major conservation issue by imposing a ban on ivory imports into the US. The move came just four days after a consortium of conservation groups, including the World Wildlife Fund and Wildlife Conservation International, called for that kind of action, and it made the US the first nation to forbid imports of both raw and finished ivory. The ban, says Bohlen, sends a very clear message to the ivory poachers that the game is over.
In the past African nations have resisted an ivory ban, but increasingly they realized that the decimation of the elephant herds poses a serious threat to their tourist business. Last month Tanzania and several other African countries called for an amendment to the 102 nation Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species that would make the ivory trade illegal worldwide.
The amendment is expected to be approved at an October meeting in Geneva and to go into effect next January. But between now and then, conservationists contend, poachers may go on a rampage,killing elephants wholesale, so nations should unilaterally forbid imports right away. The US government brought that argument, and by week's end the twelve nations European Community had followed with its own ban.

According to the passage, "dwindle" (Para.1) means__________.
查看材料

A．decrease
B．enlarge
C．weaken
D．eliminate

答案：A

解析：

根据原文可知，大象的数量在急剧减少，选项中decrease表示“减少”。

第3题：

Passage 3 Why do so many Americans distrust what they read in their newspapers? The American Society of Newspaper Editors is trying to answer this painful question. The organization is deep into a long selfanalysis known as the journalism credibility project.

Sad to say, this project has turned out to be mostly lowlevel findings about factual errors and spelling and grammar mistakes, combined with lots of heads cratching puzzlement about what in the world those readers really want.

But the sources of distrust go way deeper. Most jounalists learn to see the world through a set of standard templates (patterns) into which they plug each day's events. In other words, there is a conventional story line in the newsroom culture that provides a backbone and a ready made narrative structure for otherwise confusing news.

There exists a social and cultural disconnect between journalists and their readers, which helps explain why the “standard templates" of the newsroom seem alien to many readers. In a recent survey, questionnaires were sent to reportersin five middlesize cities around the country, plus one large metropolitan area. Then residents in these communities were phoned at random and asked the same questions.

Replies show that compared with other Americans, journalists are more likely to live in upscale neighborhoods, have maids, own Mercedeses, and trade stocks,and they're less likely to go to church, do volunteer work, or put down roots in a coummunity.

Reporters tend to be part of a broadly defined social and cultural elite, so their work tends to reflect the conventional values of this elite. The astonishing distrust of the news media isn't rooted in inaccuracy or poor reportorials skills but in the daily clash of world views between reporters and their readers.

This is an explosive situation for any industry, particularly a declining one. Here is a troubled business that keeps hiring employees whose attitudes vastly annoy the customers. Then it sponsors lots of symposiums and a credibility project dedicated to wondering why customers are annoyed and fleeing in large numbers. But it never seems to get around to noticing the cultural and class biases that so many former buyers are complaining about. If it did, it would open up itsdiversity program, now focused narrowly on race and gender, and look for reporters who differ broadly by outlook, values, education, and class.

第59题：What is the passage mainly about?

A needs of the readers all over the world

B causes of the public disappointment about newspapers

C origins of the declining newspaper industry

D aims of a journalism credibility project

正确答案：B

选［B］。文章第一段的第一句以问句的形式表明了本文的主旨，即要寻找许多美国人对报纸报导不信任的原因，也就是［B］项的内容。

第4题：

共用题干
第一篇

The News Industry in US

Why do so many Americans distrust what they read in their newspapers?The American Society of Newspaper Editors is trying to answer this painful question.The organization is deep into a long self-analysis known as the journalism credibility project.
Sad to say,this project has turned out to be mostly low-level findings about factual errors and spelling and grammar mistakes,combined with lots of head-scratching puzzlement about what in the world those readers really want.
But the sources of distrust go way deeper. Most journalists learn to see the world through a set of standard templates(patterns)into which they plug each day's events.In other words,there is a conventional story line in the newsroom culture that provides a backbone and a ready-made narrative structure for otherwise confusing news.
There exists a social and cultural disconnect between journalists and their readers,which helps explain why the"standard templates"of the newsroom seem alien to many readers.In a recent survey,questionnaires were sent to reporters in five middle-size cities around the country,plus one large metropolitan area. Then residents in these communities were phoned at random and asked the same questions.
Replies show that compared with other Americans,journalists are more likely to live in upscale neighborhoods,have maids,own Mercedeses,and trade stocks,and they're less likely to go to church, do volunteer work,or put down roots in a community.
Reporters tend to be part of a broadly social and cultural elite,so their work tends to reflect the conventional values of this elite. The astonishing distrust of the news media isn't rooted in inaccuracy or poor reportorial skills but in the daily clash of world views between reporters and their readers.
This is an explosive situation for any industry,particularly a declining one.Here is a troubled business that keeps hiring employees whose attitudes vastly annoy the customers.Then it sponsors lots of symposiums and a credibility project dedicated to wondering why customers are annoyed and fleeing in large numbers.But it never seems to get around to noticing the cultural and class biases that so many former buyers are complaining about. If it did,it would open up its diversity program, now focused narrowly on race and gender,and look for reporters who differ broadly by outlook, values,education,and class.

How does the author probably feel about the present newspaper industry?
A:It is a promising industry.
B:It is a prosperous industry.
C:It is an out-of-date industry.
D:It is a troubled industry.

答案：D

解析：

文章的第一句就提出了本文旨在说明的问题“为什么那么多的美国人不相信自己在报纸上读到的内容呢？”从第二段、第三段的内容来看，作者都在试图寻找造成公众对报纸失望的一个真正的根本性的原因。因此可以判断选项B为正确答案。选项A不正确，是因为它仅仅是新闻界的调查项目得到的一个结果而已。选项C已经从文章主旨引申到别的项目上去了。选项D仅仅是为了查明原因而进行的一个调查项目而已。
根据本题题干可以定位到第二段，文中指出“该项目最终所发现的原因大都是新闻报道中的事实错误、拼写或语法错误以及许多关于读者到底想读些什么等诸如此类令人挠头的困惑”，在作者看来，这些发现大都是“低级的”(low-level)，而真正的原因没有这么表面“go way deeper" (第三段首句中）。因此可以判定答案是D选项。
文章的解题点在文章的倒数第二段中“片新闻媒体的这种令人震惊的不信任的根源不在于报道失实或低下的报道技巧，而在于记者与读者的世界观每天都发生着碰撞”这句话。也就是说，作者的基本问题是“世界观”的问题。另外三个选项都不是最基本的问题。
本题的解题点可以确定到最后一段。文中说他们“又举办许多研讨会，搞什么可信度项目，试图了解读者为什么对他们不满意，为什么大量流失。但是，对于那么多老顾客所不满的文化和阶级偏见，他们似乎就是没有看见”。由此我们可以看出，真正的原因是他们不能够意识到真正的问题所在，因此正确答案是A选项。
考查作者的态度问题。本题的答案可以定位在最后一段。文中提到“这是一个备受困扰的行业，偏偏不停地雇用那些因为其态度而极大地惹恼客户的员工”。而选项A、B、C都和作者本文的态度相差较远。

第5题：

A．Subjective.
B．Neutral.
C．Pessimistic.
D．Active.

答案：B

解析：

文中作者只是叙述事实，并没有表示赞成或反对，是中立的态度。故选B。

第6题：

According to the passage，your supervisor is most likely your______．

A．visitor

B．teacher

C．workmate

D．1eader

正确答案：D
这道题要根据文章的描述推测supervisor是个类似于什么地位的人。根据Tip 4中要向supervisor请示工作的职责知道应该是个类似领导的人。所以答案选D。

第7题：

请阅读Passage 1。完成第小题。
Passage 1
African elephants have been slaughtered at alarming rate over the past decade, largely because they are the primary source of the world's ivory. Their population has been dwindled from 1.3 million in 1979 to just 625,000 today, and the rate of killing has been accelerating in recent years because many of the older, bigger tusked animals have already been destroyed. "The poachers now must kill times as many elephants to get the same quantity of ivory," explained Curtis Bohlen,Senior vice president of the World Wildlife Fund.
Though its record on the environment has been spotty so far, the government last week took the lead in a major conservation issue by imposing a ban on ivory imports into the US. The move came just four days after a consortium of conservation groups, including the World Wildlife Fund and Wildlife Conservation International, called for that kind of action, and it made the US the first nation to forbid imports of both raw and finished ivory. The ban, says Bohlen, sends a very clear message to the ivory poachers that the game is over.
In the past African nations have resisted an ivory ban, but increasingly they realized that the decimation of the elephant herds poses a serious threat to their tourist business. Last month Tanzania and several other African countries called for an amendment to the 102 nation Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species that would make the ivory trade illegal worldwide.
The amendment is expected to be approved at an October meeting in Geneva and to go into effect next January. But between now and then, conservationists contend, poachers may go on a rampage,killing elephants wholesale, so nations should unilaterally forbid imports right away. The US government brought that argument, and by week's end the twelve nations European Community had followed with its own ban.

Why did the African nations welcome an ivory ban?
查看材料

A．The rate of killing has been accelerating.
B．The US government forbids imports of both raw and finished ivory.
C．They realized that the killing of elephants is a serious threat to their tourist business.
D．African people advocated an ivory ban.

答案：C

解析：

由第三段“…but increasingly they realized that the decimation ofthe elephant herds poses a serious threat to their tourist business．”可知．C项正确。

第8题：

By “But to...it is not so”(Line 7) the author implies that _____.

［A］ most people are just followers of new ideas

［B］ even sound minds may commit silly errors

［C］ the popularly supported may be erroneous

［D］ nobody is immune to the influence of errors

正确答案：C

本题考查考生的推理引申能力。回答本题的关键在于理解把握but 和so两个关键词的意思和所指。其中，but是转折连词，因此这句话的内容应该与前面所述内容意思相反。So意为“这样”，常指代上文所述内容或观点。所以考生应该重点阅读理解它前面那句话，即：诚然，属于人类共有的观念和习惯在很大程度上是合理的判断和和实践智慧的结果。那么最后一句话的含义是：在很大程度上，这些人类共有的观念和习惯并不一定是合理的判断和实践智慧的结果，［C］项是其概括含义，因此为正确答案。［A］项与文章内容无关；［B］项和［D］项是对文意的曲解。

第9题：

请阅读Passage 1。完成第小题。
Passage 1
African elephants have been slaughtered at alarming rate over the past decade, largely because they are the primary source of the world's ivory. Their population has been dwindled from 1.3 million in 1979 to just 625,000 today, and the rate of killing has been accelerating in recent years because many of the older, bigger tusked animals have already been destroyed. "The poachers now must kill times as many elephants to get the same quantity of ivory," explained Curtis Bohlen,Senior vice president of the World Wildlife Fund.
Though its record on the environment has been spotty so far, the government last week took the lead in a major conservation issue by imposing a ban on ivory imports into the US. The move came just four days after a consortium of conservation groups, including the World Wildlife Fund and Wildlife Conservation International, called for that kind of action, and it made the US the first nation to forbid imports of both raw and finished ivory. The ban, says Bohlen, sends a very clear message to the ivory poachers that the game is over.
In the past African nations have resisted an ivory ban, but increasingly they realized that the decimation of the elephant herds poses a serious threat to their tourist business. Last month Tanzania and several other African countries called for an amendment to the 102 nation Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species that would make the ivory trade illegal worldwide.
The amendment is expected to be approved at an October meeting in Geneva and to go into effect next January. But between now and then, conservationists contend, poachers may go on a rampage,killing elephants wholesale, so nations should unilaterally forbid imports right away. The US government brought that argument, and by week's end the twelve nations European Community had followed with its own ban.

Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
查看材料

A．African Elephants and the Ivory Trade
B．A Bid to Save the Elephant
C．The Poachers
D．Elephants in Danger

答案：B

解析：

文章首先提到非洲象所面I临的困境，接着提到国际组织及美国的反应——禁止进口象牙以拯救大象，终结偷猎行为。由此可见B项是最佳标题。

第10题：

资料： The poverty line is the minimum income that people need for an acceptable standard of living. People with incomes below the poverty line are considered poor. Economists study the causes of poverty in order to find solutions to the problem.
As the general standard of living in the country rises, the poverty line does, too. Therefore, even with today’s relatively high standard of living, about 10 percent of the people in the United States are below the poverty line. However, if these people had stable jobs, they could have an acceptable standard of living. Economists suggest several reasons why poor people do not have jobs.
For one thing, more than half of the poor people in the United States are not qualified to work. Over 40 percent of the poor. People are children. By law, children less than 16 years old cannot work in many industries. A large number of poor people are Old. Many companies do not hire people over 65 years old, the normal retirement age.
Some poor adults do not look for jobs for a variety of personal reasons: they are sick, they do not have any motivation, they have family problems, or they do not believe that they can find a job.
Other poor people look for a job but cannot find one. Many poor adults never went to high school. Therefore, when they look for jobs, they have few skills that they can offer.
At the present time, the government thinks it can reduce poverty in the country in the following ways. First, if the national economy grows, businesses and industries hire more workers. Some of the poor who are qualified to look for jobs may find employment. Then they will no longer be below the poverty line. Second, if society invests in the poor, the poor will become more productive. If the government spends money on social programs, education, and training for poor people, the poor will have the skills to offer. Then it is more likely that they can find jobs.
Finally, if the government distributes society's income differently, it raises some poor people above the poverty line. The government collects taxes from the non－poor and gives money to the poor. These payments to the poor are called welfare. In 1975 over 18 million people in the United States received welfare.
Some economists are looking for better solutions to the poverty problem. However, at the present time, many people depend on welfare for a minimally acceptable standard of living.

The author’s main purpose to write this article is_____

A.to give several possible solutions to the problem of poverty
B.to explain why some people in the United States are below the poverty line
C.to show sympathy for those poor people
D.to give the definition of “poverty line”

答案：A

解析：

本题考查的是主旨大意。
【关键词】main purpose;to write this article
【主题句】第一段Economists study the causes of poverty in order to find solutions to the problem.经济学家为了找到问题解决方法，研究了贫困的原因。
第二段Economists suggest several reasons why poor people do not have jobs. 经济学家提出了几个为什么穷人没有工作的原因。倒数第三段 At the present time, the government thinks it can reduce poverty in the country in the following ways. 目前，政府认为它可以通过以下方式减少该国的贫困。最后一段 Some economists are looking for better solutions to the poverty problem. However, at the present time, many people depend on welfare for a minimally acceptable standard of living. 一些经济学家正在寻求更好的解决贫困问题的办法。但是，目前很多人依靠福利来达到最低限度的可接受的生活水平。
【解析】题干问“作者写这篇文章的主要目的是什么？”。本道题考察对于全文主旨大意的理解。A选项意为“给出一些可能的贫困问题解决方法” B选项意为“解释为什么一些美国人生活在贫困线以下”C选项意为“表达了对于穷人的同情”；D选项“解释什么是贫困线。” 根据主题句可知，文章主要围绕着贫困问题，从贫困标准线、贫困原因、解决贫困问题措施依次展开，重点是要探索如何找到更好地解决贫困问题的方法，选项B中引用美国情况只是作为案例分析，不是根本写作目的；选项C未提及；选项D只是在开头交代，不符合题意。

单选题The author of Passage 1 most likely refers to logging (line 26) to ______.A explain why there are so many orphan chimpsB criticize the inhabitants of several African nations for their cruel actionsC offer an alternative industry to capturing chimpanzee

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