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The standards of physical and medical fitness established by

题目
单选题
The standards of physical and medical fitness established by the Party shall not ensure that seafarers（）.
A

have the physical capability to fulfill all the requirements of the basic training

B

demonstrate adequate hearing and speech to communicate effectively

C

are suffering from any medical conditions likely to be aggravated by service at sea

D

have no medical condition that will prevent the effective e and safe conduct of their routine and emergency duties on board

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相似问题和答案

第1题：

How is a Martini Layer 2 MPLS VPN established?()

A. established using LDP

B. established using BGP

C. established using RSVP

D. established using IP


参考答案：A

第2题：

In medical training standards，seafarers are not required to demonstrate their ability ______．

A.to provide medical first aid on board

B.to take charge of medical care on board ships

C.to take immediate effective action in the case of accidents or illness likely to occur on board ship

D.to improve cardiac function after transplantation of autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells


正确答案：D

第3题：

_____ best describes the goal of a project in its relationship with the customer, from initial contact through delivery.

A . fitness for use

B . customer satisfaction

C . conformance to requirements

D . fitness for purpose

E . All of the above.


正确答案：B

第4题：

共用题干
Young adults who are fit have a higher IQ and are more._________(51)to go on to university,reveals a major new study carried out at the Sahlgrenska Academy and Sahlgrenska University Hospital.
The results were recently published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences（《美国国家科学院院刊》）.The study involved 1.2 million Swedish men doing military service who were born between 1950 and 1976.
The research group analyzed the_________(52)of both physical and IQ tests the youngsters took right after they started serving the army.
The study shows a clear link_________(53) good physical fitness and better results for the IQ test.The strongest links are for__________(54) thinking and verbal comprehension.But it is only fitness that plays a________(55)in the results for the IQ test,and not strength."Being fit means that you also have good heart and lung________(56)and that your brain gets plenty of________(57),"says Michael Nilsson,professor at the Sahlgrenska Academy and chief physician at the Sahlgrenska University Hospital."This may be one of the reasons_________(58) we can see a clear link with fitness, but not with muscular（肌肉的）__________(59).We are also seeing that there are growth factors that are important."
By analyzing data for twins,the researchers have been __________(60) to determine that it is primarily environmental factors and not genes that explain the link between fitness and a_________(61)IQ.
"We have also shown that those youngsters who_________(62)their physical fitness between the ages of 15 and 18 increase their cognitive performance,"says Maria Aberg,researcher at the Sahlgrenska Academy and physician at Aby health centre."This being the case,physical__________(63)is a subject that has an important place in schools,and is an absolute must if we want to do well in maths and other theoretical subjects."
The researchers have also compared the results from fitness tests _________(64)national service with the socio-economic status of the men later in _________(65).Those who were fit at 18 were more likely to go into higher education,and many secured more qualified jobs.

_________(54)
A:logical
B:critical
C:typical
D:positive

答案：A
解析：
本文第一句就将主题和盘托出“Young adults who are fit have a higher IQ..."。根据此论断可以推断，智商高的人进入大学学习的可能性也高。读完全文便可知这个推断是对的。所以，本题的答案只能是likely。
第二段第二句讲到：该项研究的样本是在1950-1976年之间入伍的120 万名新兵。新兵们报到时接受了体能测试和智商测试，研究人员对这两类测试的数据进行了分析。四个选项只有results符合这层意思。answers“答案”、works“作品”和scores“分数”都不合适。
上文多次论及身体健康与智商之间的关系。本句又重述两者的联系。四个选项中有个between，答案非它莫属。among是“在······之中”，数量超过两个人或两件事时才用among。本句只说两者的关系，所以不能选among。选项behind和without的意思与上下文搭配不上。
空格所在句子的意思是：身体健康与某种思维和语言理解能力有关。四个选项中logical“逻辑思维的”符合文意。critical"临界的，评论的",typical“典型的”,positive “正面的”，都与上下文的意思不符。
play a role是固定词组，填入所在句子后，上下文的意思连贯，所以是正确答案。play a place没有这种搭配。play a game“玩游戏”和play a trick“恶作剧”与上下文的意思不搭。
" Being fit means that you also have good heart and lung（健康意味着心肺功能好）"，所以选项disease“疾病”和treatment“治疗”可以排除。而good heart and lung后接 shape“形状”，意思是“好的心肺形状”，这与健康的关系也远了一些。本题只有capacity“能力”才是答案。
如前所述，身体健康意味着心肺功能好，这与大脑有什么关系呢？常识告诉我们，呼吸顺畅，通过肺部进入血液的氧气也多；心肺功能良好，就能有效地将带有氧气的新鲜血液源源不断地输送到大脑，大脑就能活跃地工作。所以，oxygen是答案。
reason (s)后面的定语从句的关系副词要用why。
第三段第三句给本题的答案提供了线索：" But it is only fitness that plays a role in the results for the IQ test , and not strength.（是健康，而不是力量，对智商测试的结果起了作用。）”本题的句子重复了上述论断，所以，缺失的词应该是strength。这一次作者把strength 说得更清楚，指的是muscular strength"肌肉力量”。本题的答案是。
本空格所在句的意思是：“通过研究双胞胎的数据，研究人员可以得出结论：智商的差异来自后天的环境因素而不是先天的基因，这就解释了健康和高智商之间的联系。”填入本句最适合的词是able。 clever , lucky和clear都不合适，因为研究人员只有通过分析数据才能够得出结论，而不是靠幸运、聪明等。
文章反复论述，一个人身体健康，其智商也高。本句前面用的是fitness “健壮体魄”，后面出现的是IQ，修饰它的形容词就一定是higher。
根据全文的主要论点进行判断，本题的句子表达的意思一定是增强体质与提高智商成正比。所以，填入句子的动词的词义一定与提高和改善认知能力（cognitive performance）有关。根据这一推论，入选的选项只有improve。
研究一下句子“This being the case , physical ________ is a subject..."，就知道physical加上要填入空格中的词应该是一门学科(subject)的名称。四个选项中，只有 physical education“体育”是门学科，所以，答案是D。
第二段曾说到新兵报到入伍时，接受了体能测试，本题的句子用的是复数形式的tests，说明他们在服兵役期间可能接受多次体能检查，所以要选during ( national service)，而before , after , without都与上述意思不符合。
研究人员还将新兵入伍报到时的体能测试和智商测试的结果与他们后来的社会经济地位进行了比较。比较的是什么时候的社会经济地位呢？最合理的选择是later in life“后来的生活中”。而later in marriage“后来的婚姻中”, later in residence“后来的居住中”或 later in service“后来的服务中”与社会经济地位搭配，显得十分勉强，所以都不是正确答案。

第5题：

The British Medical Journal recently featured a strong response to what was judged an inappropriately lenient reaction by a medical school to a student cheating in an examination.
　　Although we have insufficient reliable data about the extent of this phenomenon, its prevention, or its effective management, much can be concluded and acted upon on the basis of common sense and concepts with face validity.
　　There is general agreement that there should be zero tolerance of cheating in a profession based on trust and one on which human lives depend. It is reasonable to assume that cheaters in medical school will be more likely than others to continue to act dishonestly with patients,colleagues, insurers, and government.
　　The behaviours under question are multifactorial in origin. There are familial, religious, and cultural values that are acquired long before medical school. For example, countries, cultures, and subcultures exist where bribes and dishonest behaviour are almost a norm. There are secondary schools in which neither staff nor students tolerate cheating and others where cheating is rampant;there are homes which imbue young people with high standards of ethical behaviour and others which leave ethical training to the harmful influence of television and the market place.
　　Medical schools reflect society and cannot be expected to remedy all the ills of a society. The selection process of medical students might be expected to favour candidates with integrity and positive ethical behaviour--if one had a reliable method for detecting such characteristics in advance. Medical schools should be the major focus of attention for imbuing future doctors with integrity and ethical sensitivity. Unfortunately there are troubling, if inconclusive, data that suggest that during medical school the ethical behaviour of medical students does not necessarily improve;indeed, moral development may actually stop or even regress.
　　The creation of a pervasive institutional culture of integrity is essential. It is critical that the academic and clinical leaders of the institution set a personal example of integrity. Medical schools must make their institutional position and their expectations of students absolutely clear from day one. The development of a school's culture of integrity requires a partnership with the students in which they play an active role in its creation and nurturing. Moreover, the school's examination system and general treatment of students must be perceived as fair. Finally, the treatment of infractions must be firm, fair, transparent, and consistent.
According to the author, it is important to prevent cheating in medical schools because__________.
　　

A. the medical profession is based on trust
B. there is zero tolerance of cheating in medicine
C. the medical profession depends on the government
D. cheating exists extensively in medical schools

答案：A
解析：

第6题：

材料：

The 1978 STCW Convention was the first to establish basic requirements on training, certification and watch-keeping for seafarers on an international level. Previously the standards of training, certification and watch-keeping of officers and ratings were established by individual governments, usually without reference to practices in other countries. As a result standards and procedures varied widely, even though shipping is the most international of all industries.

The Convention prescribes minimum standards relating to training, certification and watch-keeping for seafarers which countries are obliged to meet or exceed.

The Convention did not deal with manning levels: IMO provisions in this area are covered by regulation 13 of Chapter V of the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS), 1974, whose requirements are backed up by resolution A.890(21) Principles of safe manning, adopted by the IMO Assembly in 1999, which replaced an earlier resolution A.481(XII) adopted in 1981.

The Articles of the Convention include requirements relating to issues surrounding certification and Port State Control.

One especially important feature of the Convention is that it applies to ships of non-party States when visiting ports of States which are Parties to the Convention. Article X requires Parties to apply the control measures to ships of all flags to the extent necessary to ensure that no more favorable treatment is given to ships entitled to fly the flag of a State which is not a Party than is given to ships entitled to fly the flag of a State that is a Party.

The difficulties which could arise for ships of States which are not Parties to the Convention is one reason why the Convention has received such wide acceptance. By December 2000, the STCW Convention had 135 Parties, representing 97.53 percent of world shipping tonnage.

问题：

Before the establish of the STCW78, the standards of training, certification and watch-keeping of seafarers _____.

A.were established by IMO

B.were established by a famous organization

C.were established by individual governments with reference to practices in other countries

D.varied widely among countries

The regulation 13 of Chapter V of the SOLAS 1974 covered _____.A.the manning of ships

B.the standards of training certification

C.the standards of training

D.the standards of watch-keeping

One especially important feature of the STCW Convention is _____.A.the adoption of the policy “ more favorable treatment”

B.“ no more favorable treatment” to Non-parties of the convention

C.the adoption of the minimum standards

D.the adoption of the obligatory standards

One reason why the Convention has received such wide acceptance is _____.A.that it is only the minimum standards

B.that it is the obligatory standards

C.that it is established by IMO

D.difficulties could arise for ships entitled to fly the flag of a Non-Party State

请帮忙给出每个问题的正确答案和分析，谢谢！


问题 1 答案解析：D


问题 2 答案解析：A


问题 3 答案解析：B


问题 4 答案解析：D

第7题：

The British Medical Journal recently featured a strong response to what was judged an inappropriately lenient reaction by a medical school to a student cheating in an examination.
　　Although we have insufficient reliable data about the extent of this phenomenon, its prevention, or its effective management, much can be concluded and acted upon on the basis of common sense and concepts with face validity.
　　There is general agreement that there should be zero tolerance of cheating in a profession based on trust and one on which human lives depend. It is reasonable to assume that cheaters in medical school will be more likely than others to continue to act dishonestly with patients,colleagues, insurers, and government.
　　The behaviours under question are multifactorial in origin. There are familial, religious, and cultural values that are acquired long before medical school. For example, countries, cultures, and subcultures exist where bribes and dishonest behaviour are almost a norm. There are secondary schools in which neither staff nor students tolerate cheating and others where cheating is rampant;there are homes which imbue young people with high standards of ethical behaviour and others which leave ethical training to the harmful influence of television and the market place.
　　Medical schools reflect society and cannot be expected to remedy all the ills of a society. The selection process of medical students might be expected to favour candidates with integrity and positive ethical behaviour--if one had a reliable method for detecting such characteristics in advance. Medical schools should be the major focus of attention for imbuing future doctors with integrity and ethical sensitivity. Unfortunately there are troubling, if inconclusive, data that suggest that during medical school the ethical behaviour of medical students does not necessarily improve;indeed, moral development may actually stop or even regress.
　　The creation of a pervasive institutional culture of integrity is essential. It is critical that the academic and clinical leaders of the institution set a personal example of integrity. Medical schools must make their institutional position and their expectations of students absolutely clear from day one. The development of a school's culture of integrity requires a partnership with the students in which they play an active role in its creation and nurturing. Moreover, the school's examination system and general treatment of students must be perceived as fair. Finally, the treatment of infractions must be firm, fair, transparent, and consistent.
The author will probably agree with which of the following statements
　　

A. Medical schools should make exams easier for the students to alleviate the fierce competition.
B. Prominent figures in the medical institution should create a set of moral standards to be applied in medical schools.
C. Medical students should play an active role in the creation and preservation of a culture of integrity.
D. Those students who cheat in the exams should be instantly expelled from school.

答案：C
解析：

第8题：

(b) The Superior Fitness Co (SFC), which is well established in Mayland, operates nine centres. Each of SFC’s

centres is similar in size to those of HFG. SFC also provides dietary plans and fitness programmes to its clients.

The directors of HFG have decided that they wish to benchmark the performance of HFG with that of SFC.

Required:

Discuss the problems that the directors of HFG might experience in their wish to benchmark the performance

of HFG with the performance of SFC, and recommend how such problems might be successfully addressed.

(7 marks)


正确答案：
(b) There are a number of potential problems which the directors of HFG need to recognise. These are as follows:
(i) There needs to exist a sufficient incentive for SFO to share their information with HFG as the success of any
benchmarking programme is dependent upon obtaining accurate information about the comparator organisation. This is
not an easy task to accomplish, as many organisations are reluctant to reveal confidential information to competitors.
The directors of HFG must be able to convince the directors of SFO that entering into a benchmarking arrangement is a
potential ‘win-win situation’.
(ii) The value of the exercise must be sufficient to justify the cost involved. Also, it is inevitable that behavioural issues will
need to be addressed in any benchmarking programme. Management should give priority to the need to communicate
the reasons for undertaking a programme of benchmarking in order to gain the full co-operation of its personnel whilst
reducing the potential level of resistance to change.
(iii) Management need to handle the ethical implications relating to the introduction of benchmarking in a sensitive manner
and should endeavour, insofar as possible, to provide reassurance to employees that their status, remuneration and
working conditions will not suffer as a consequence of the introduction of any benchmarking initiatives.

第9题：

The British Medical Journal recently featured a strong response to what was judged an inappropriately lenient reaction by a medical school to a student cheating in an examination.
　　Although we have insufficient reliable data about the extent of this phenomenon, its prevention, or its effective management, much can be concluded and acted upon on the basis of common sense and concepts with face validity.
　　There is general agreement that there should be zero tolerance of cheating in a profession based on trust and one on which human lives depend. It is reasonable to assume that cheaters in medical school will be more likely than others to continue to act dishonestly with patients,colleagues, insurers, and government.
　　The behaviours under question are multifactorial in origin. There are familial, religious, and cultural values that are acquired long before medical school. For example, countries, cultures, and subcultures exist where bribes and dishonest behaviour are almost a norm. There are secondary schools in which neither staff nor students tolerate cheating and others where cheating is rampant;there are homes which imbue young people with high standards of ethical behaviour and others which leave ethical training to the harmful influence of television and the market place.
　　Medical schools reflect society and cannot be expected to remedy all the ills of a society. The selection process of medical students might be expected to favour candidates with integrity and positive ethical behaviour--if one had a reliable method for detecting such characteristics in advance. Medical schools should be the major focus of attention for imbuing future doctors with integrity and ethical sensitivity. Unfortunately there are troubling, if inconclusive, data that suggest that during medical school the ethical behaviour of medical students does not necessarily improve;indeed, moral development may actually stop or even regress.
　　The creation of a pervasive institutional culture of integrity is essential. It is critical that the academic and clinical leaders of the institution set a personal example of integrity. Medical schools must make their institutional position and their expectations of students absolutely clear from day one. The development of a school's culture of integrity requires a partnership with the students in which they play an active role in its creation and nurturing. Moreover, the school's examination system and general treatment of students must be perceived as fair. Finally, the treatment of infractions must be firm, fair, transparent, and consistent.
According to the author, what precautions should medical schools take to prevent students from cheating
　　

A. Medical schools should establish a firm moral standard to weed out applicants with low integrity.
B. Medical schools should make efforts to remedy the ills of a society.
C. Medical schools should teach future doctors integrity and ethical values.
D. There is nothing medical schools can do to improve the ethical behaviour of their students.

答案：C
解析：

第10题：

career possibilities with someone who has been in the medical technology industry for so many years.
I am particularly grateful that you have offered to give me your insights on tie-ups between
manufacturers and medical institutions. As you are aware, I am most interested in enhancing my
research skills for a well-established,() manufacturer that produces equipment for hospitals and

A.reputably
B.reputable
C.repute
D.reputation

答案：B
解析：

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