All straight lines represent great circle tracks on a chart

A chart position enclosed by a semi-circle is a(n) ______.

A.fix

B.estimated position

C.dead reckoning position

D.running fix

Isogonic lines are lines on a chart indicating ______.

A.points of equal variation

B.points of zero variation

C.the magnetic latitude

D.magnetic dip

An organization chart is used ()

A. to show exact figures

B. to show lines of authority

C. to illustrate a procedure

How is the annual rate of change for magnetic variation shown on a pilot chart? ______.

A.Gray lines on the uppermost inset chart

B.Red lines on the main body of the chart

C.In parenthesis on the lines of equal magnetic variation

D.Annual rate of change is not shown

What is the major advantage of a rhumb line track?

A.The vessel can steam on a constant heading (disregarding wind，current，etc)

B.The rhumb line is the shortest distance between the arrival and departure points

C.It is easily plotted on a gnomonic chart for comparison with a great circle course

D.It approximates a great circle on east-west courses in high latitudes

Solid green arrows on the main body of a pilot chart indicate ______.

A.prevailing wind directions

B.prevailing ocean current directions

C.probable surface current flow

D.shortest great circle routes

What is NOT an advantage of the rhumb line track over a great circle track?

A.Easily plotted on a Mercator chart

B.Negligible increase in distance on east-west courses near the equator

C.Does not require constant course changes

D.Plots as a straight line on Lambert conformal charts

All straight lines represent great circle tracks on a chart based on a(n) ______.

A.Mercator projection

B.polyconic projection

C.orthographic projection

D.gnomonic projection

When navigating in high latitudes and using a chart based on a Lambert conformal projection，______.

A.a straight line drawn on the chart approximates a great circle

B.the chart should not be used outside of the standard parallels

C.the course angle is measured at the mid-longitude of the track line

D.distance cannot be measured directly from the chart

SINGLE UP FORWARD TO HEAD LINE AND SPRING means ______.

A.let go all the lines forward including head line and spring

B.let go the head line and spring only

C.let go all the lines except a head line and a spring

D.let go the head line and spring including all the lines