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2021考研英语一真题试卷及答案(完整版)

Now more people are buying lottery tickets. Study the following charts carefully and write an article on the topic of lottery. In your article, you should cover the following points: 1) describe the phenomenon; 2) analyze the phenomenon, and give your comments on it. You should write about 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)


正确答案：

二、      参考范文

Nowadays, more and more people, especially in big cities, become interested in buying lottery tickets. According to chart 1, averagely 70 percent of those polled in the survey, held in three big cities, claimed to have dreamed of winning the big prize of five-million yuan. 85 percent of those polled in Guangzhou had had such a dream, compared with 65 percent and 60 percent, respectively, in Beijing and Shanghai.

The attraction of buying lottery tickets is obvious. The winner can get the biggest profit for the future with only a small investment. It realizes the beautiful dream of every participant-to be richer and to improve living standards. As is shown in Chart 2, should they win a big lottery, 81.3% of people would buy a new house, 61.9% would buy a car, and 61.7% would save the money for the education of themselves or their kids. And a great proportion of people say they would put the money in the bank or use it for investment or touring. Despite all the attractions brought by the lottery buying, it has also come under criticism. Some regard it as a kind of gambling, which is a potentially addictive behaviour.

In my opinion, buying lottery tickets is not so bad as some people think. Instead, it is good for society by creating new jobs and representing an important source of income for charity and sports causes. Of course, it is not a means of making money for individuals we should encourage, because the result is hardly predictable. Therefore, we should take a positive but cautious attitude towards lottery buying behavior.

Part A

Directions:

You will have an English class next Friday, but you can’t attend it. Write a letter to your English teacher, Mr. Wang, to ask for leave. Tell him:

1) why you ask for leave,

2) what you will do to make up for it.

You should write about 100 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name. Use “Li Ming” instead. (10 points)


正确答案：

参考范文

Dear Mr. Wang,

I very much regret I was unable to attend your English class next Friday.

As you may know, we senior students have been busy looking for jobs since the beginning of this semester. Luckily, I have got an opportunity to be interviewed by a well-known large public company, which I have longed to enter. Unfortunately, the interview is scheduled for next Friday. I really don’t want to miss this valuable chance, so I have to ask for leave. I know mid-term exam is approaching, and next Friday’s class is important. In order to make up for it, I will ask a classmate to copy your PPT and take notes for me. I will study them carefully and hand in all the homework on time.

I shall be very much obliged if you can approve my application. Sorry for any inconvenience caused by my absence.

Yours sincerely,

Li Ming

Part A

Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET I. (40 points)

Text 1

We can make mistakes at any age. Some mistakes we make are about money. But most mistakes are about people. "Did Jerry really care when I broke up with Helen? .... When I got that great job, did Jim really feel good about it, as a friend? Or did he envy my luck?" "And Paul—why didn't pick up that he was friendly just because I had a car?" When we look back, doubts like these can make us feel bad. But when we look back, it' s too late.

Why do we go wrong about our friends or our enemies? Sometimes what people say hides their real meaning. And if we don' t really listen we miss the feeling behind the words. Suppose someone tells you, "You' re a lucky dog." That' s being friendly. But "lucky dog?" There's a bit of envy in those words. Maybe he doesn't see it himself. But bringing in the "dog" bit puts you down a little. What he may be saying is that the doesn't think you deserve your luck.

"Just think of all the things you have to be thankful for," is another noise that says one thing and means another. It could mean that the speaker is trying to get you to see your problem as part of your life as a whole. But is he? Wrapped up in this phrase is the thought that your problem isn’t important. It' s telling you to think of all the starving people in the world when you haven' t got a date for Saturday night.

How can you tell the real meaning behind someone' s words? One way is to take a good look at the person talking. Do his words fit the way he looks? Does what he says agree with the tone of voice?

His posture? The look in his eyes? Stop and think. The minute you spend thinking about the real meaning of what people to you may save another mistake.

21. This passage is mainly about______.

A) how to interpret what people say

B) what to do when you listen to others talking

C) how to avoid mistakes when you communicate with people

D) why we go wrong with people sometimes


正确答案：C
答案：C
[试题分析]文章主旨题。
[详细解答]本文开篇就指出了我们会经常在交流时出现一些错误，然后举了一些例子做分析，最后直接给出了避免错误的建议。可见，所有的内容都是围绕怎样去避免在与人交流过程中的错误。所以正确答案为C。

Part A

You have received an invitation to the birthday party of your friend, Tom. But you can’t attend it. Write a note to Tom to

1) thank him for the invitation,

2) give reasons why you can’t go, and

3) apologize and express your wishes.

You should write about 100 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name. Use “Li Ming” instead. You do not need to write the address. (10 points)


正确答案：

二、       参考范文

Dear Tom,

Thank you very much for inviting me to your birthday party tomorrow and I have been longing for giving my sincere wishes to you on that special day. However, I am terribly sorry that I cannot be there because of a matter of some urgency. This afternoon I got a call from my parents telling me that my sister had been hospitalized. Both of my parents are busy at work, so I have to go home in a hurry to take care of her. I am sure you can understand this. I would like to say sorry again and wish you a happy birthday as well as a successful party.

Yours

Li Ming

Ⅴ. Daily Conversation (10 points)

Direction: Pick out the appropriate expression from the eight choices and complete the following dialogue by blackening the corresponding letter on the answer sheet.

A. Can I take a message?

B. Not at all.

C. Please take it easy.

D. Is that OK? E. Nice to meet you.

F. Don't worry.

G. But he panned to. H. What can I do for you?

56. A: Hello. May I speak to Mike please?

B: Just a moment. Mike! ... Mike! ... I'm sorry. He is out.______?


正确答案：A


2017考研真题答案：2017考研英语一真题试卷及答案（完整版）2017年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(一)试题+【答案】Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Could a hug a day keep the doctor away? The answer may be a resounding yes! 1 helping you feel close and 2 to people you care about, it turns out that hugs can bring a 3 of health benefits to your body and mind. Believe it or not, a warm embrace might even help you 4 getting sick this winter.In a recent study 5 over 400 health adults, researchers from Carnegie Mellon University in Pennsylvania examined the effects of perceived social support and the receipt of hugs 6 the participants susceptibility to developing the common cold after being 7 to the virus .People who perceived greater social support were less likely to come 8 with a cold ,and the researchers 9 that the stress-reducing effects of hugging 10 about 32 percent of that beneficial effect. 11 among those who got a cold, the ones who felt greater social support and received more frequent hugs had less severe 12 .Hugging protects people who are under stress from the 13 risk for colds thats usually 14 with stress, notes Sheldon Cohen, a professor of psychology at Carnegie. Hugging is a marker of intimacy and helps 15 the feeling that others are there to help 16 difficulty.Some experts 17 the stress-reducing , health-related benefits of hugging to the release of oxytocin, often called the bonding hormone 18 it promotes attachment in relationships, including that between mother and their newborn babies. Oxytocin is made primarily in the central lower part of the brain , and some of it is released into the bloodstream. But some of it 19 in the brain, where it 20 mood, behavior and physiology.1.A Unlike B Besides C Despite D Throughout【答案】B Besides2.A connected B restricted C equal D inferior【答案】A connected3.A choice B view C lesson D host【答案】D host4.A recall B forget C avoid D keep【答案】C avoid5.A collecting B involving C guiding D affecting【答案】B involving6.A of B in C at D on【答案】D on7.A devoted B exposed C lost D attracted【答案】B exposed8.A across B along C down D out【答案】C down9.A calculated B denied C doubted D imagined【答案】A calculated10.A served B required C restored D explained【答案】D explained11.A Even B Still C Rather D Thus【答案】A Even12.A defeats B symptoms C tests D errors【答案】B symptoms13.A minimized B highlighted C controlled D increased【答案】D increased14.A equipped B associated C presented D compared【答案】B associated15.A assess B moderate C generate D record【答案】C generate16.A in the face of B in the form of C in the way of D in the name of【答案】A in the face of17.A transfer B commit C attribute D return【答案】C attribute18.A because B unless C though D until【答案】A because19.A emerges B vanishes C remains D decreases【答案】C remains20.A experiences B combines C justifies Dinfluences【答案】DinfluencesSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1First two hours , now three hours-this is how far in advance authorities are recommending people show up to catch a domestic flight , at least at some major U.S. airports with increasingly massive security lines.Americans are willing to tolerate time-consuming security procedures in return for increased safety. The crash of Egypt Air Flight 804,which terrorists may have downed over the Mediterranean Sea ,provides another tragic reminder of why. But demanding too much of air travelers or providing too little security in return undermines public support for the process. And it should: Wasted time is a drag on Americans economic and private lives, not to mention infuriating.Last year, the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) found in a secret check that undercover investigators were able to sneak weapons-both fake and real-past airport security nearly every time they tried .Enhanced security measures since then, combined with a rise in airline travel due to the improving Chicagos OHare International .It is not yet clear how much more effective airline security has become-but the lines are obvious.Part of the issue is that the government did not anticipate the steep increase in airline travel , so the TSA is now rushing to get new screeners on the line. Part of the issue is that airports have only so much room for screening lanes. Another factor may be that more people are trying to overpack their carry-on bags to avoid checked-baggage fees, though the airlines strongly dispute this.Ther

Could a hug a day keep the doctor away?The answer may be a resounding"yes!"___1__helping you feel close and__2___to people you care about,it turns out that hugs can bring a___3__of health benefits to your body and minD.Believe it or not,a warm embrace might even help you__4___getting sick this winter.In a recent study___5__over 400 healthy adults,researchers from Carnegie Mellon University in Pennsylvania examined the effects of perceived social support and the receipt of hugs___6__the participants'susceptibility（敏感性）to developing the common cold after being___7__to the virus.People who perceived greater social support were less likely to come___8__with a cold,and the researchers__9___that the stress-reducing effects of hugging___10__about 32 percent of that beneficial effect.___11__among those who got a cold,the ones who felt greater social support and received more frequent hugs had less severe__12___."Hugging protects people who are under stress from the___13__risk for colds that's usually__14___with stress,"notes Sheldon Cohen,a professor of psychology at Carnegie.Hugging"is a marker of intimacy and helps__15___the feeling that others are there to help___16__difficulty."Some experts___17__the stress-reducing,health-related benefits of hugging to the release of oxytocin（后叶催产素）,often called"the bonding hormone"__18___it promotes attachment in relationships,including that between mothers and their newborn babies.Oxytocin is made primarily in the central lower part of the brain,and some of it is released into the bloodstream.But some of it___19__in the brain,where it__20___mood,behavior and physiology.11选？

A.Thus
B.Still
C.Rather
D.Even

答案：D
解析：
此题是逻辑关联题。若想判断这个空的答案，需要结合上下文方能确定。此空上文说的是：People who perceived greater social support were less likely to come down with a cold感受到更大社会支持的人不太可能会患上感冒，后文说的是：____those who got a cold,those who felt greater social support and received more　frequent hugs had less severe_____.____患上感冒，那些感受到更大社会支持的人不太可能患上严重的_____。前后结构对应，含义上是一种明显的递进，所以选择答案为Even.

Write an essay based on the chart below.In your writing,you should（1）interpret the chart,and（2）give your comments.You should write about 150 words neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.（15 points）


答案：
解析：
China's automobile Market Grows Rapidly According to the table above,the automobile production sales in China amounted to over 8 mil-lion in 2007.with an average annual growth of more than 22%from 2001 to 2007.This means that after less than one decade of development,China has emerged into the world,s fastest-growing major auto market There are two main reasons for the increase.For one thing,since general market-oriented reforms were introduced in China around 30 years ago,restrictions and controls on the automobile sector have been gradually eased,resulting in the joint venture partnerships with major global automo bile manufacturers.For another,thanks to the burgeoning economy,the disposable income of Chinese citizens has maintained an upward trend for years,contributing to an increasing number of peo ple owning private vehicles.Despite the breakneck growth over the past decade,Chinas auto market still has much room to grow before reaching saturation and the prospects for China s auto market remain bright.

Could a hug a day keep the doctor away?The answer may be a resounding"yes!"___1__helping you feel close and__2___to people you care about,it turns out that hugs can bring a___3__of health benefits to your body and minD.Believe it or not,a warm embrace might even help you__4___getting sick this winter.In a recent study___5__over 400 healthy adults,researchers from Carnegie Mellon University in Pennsylvania examined the effects of perceived social support and the receipt of hugs___6__the participants'susceptibility（敏感性）to developing the common cold after being___7__to the virus.People who perceived greater social support were less likely to come___8__with a cold,and the researchers__9___that the stress-reducing effects of hugging___10__about 32 percent of that beneficial effect.___11__among those who got a cold,the ones who felt greater social support and received more frequent hugs had less severe__12___."Hugging protects people who are under stress from the___13__risk for colds that's usually__14___with stress,"notes Sheldon Cohen,a professor of psychology at Carnegie.Hugging"is a marker of intimacy and helps__15___the feeling that others are there to help___16__difficulty."Some experts___17__the stress-reducing,health-related benefits of hugging to the release of oxytocin（后叶催产素）,often called"the bonding hormone"__18___it promotes attachment in relationships,including that between mothers and their newborn babies.Oxytocin is made primarily in the central lower part of the brain,and some of it is released into the bloodstream.But some of it___19__in the brain,where it__20___mood,behavior and physiology.8选？

A.along
B.across
C.down
D.out

答案：C
解析：
此处考察上下语境下动介的搭配问题。文中提到People who perceived greater social support were less likely to come____with a cold。上文提到做实验研究受试者在接触病毒之后患感冒的易感性。题目涉及实验的结果，有着更大感知社会支持能力的人患感冒的几率更低。所以这里要填一个介词与come搭配，表示患上感冒。come down下来，降落;倒塌;感染。因此排除A.come across偶遇;偶然发现;使产生…印象;B.come along出现，发生，进展;D.come out出现;出版;结果是,都不符合语义。因此正确答案为C选项。

Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following picture.In your essay,you should（1）describe the picture briefly（2）interpret the meaning,and（3）give your comments You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.（20 points）


答案：
解析：
In the picture above,a man is talking on his phone loudly in a public place,being deliberately ignorant of other people's aversion to him within the same enclosed area.This illustration tries to point out the public cell phone behavior Public places,such as libraries,hospitals,galleries and theaters,are usually expected to be quiet and peaceful ne uses of mobile phones in such places are likely to disrupt the desirable working environment For instance.in a library,where people are pondering over the books,the constant mobile ringtones or the phone conversation will be intru-sive or irritating.Mobile phone usage in public places like hospitals can easily interfere with the medical equipment which can be harmful to the patient.Moreover,the environment at shopping malls,stores and other public places is very noisy and talking over cell phones will add extra decibel.Apart from that,using mobile phones in music galleries or theaters can result in others'discomfort and spoil their entertainment In my opinion,cell phones should be allowed in public places with some restrictions.What's more,in public places,quiet zones where phone use is banned should be set up.

Could a hug a day keep the doctor away?The answer may be a resounding"yes!"___1__helping you feel close and__2___to people you care about,it turns out that hugs can bring a___3__of health benefits to your body and minD.Believe it or not,a warm embrace might even help you__4___getting sick this winter.In a recent study___5__over 400 healthy adults,researchers from Carnegie Mellon University in Pennsylvania examined the effects of perceived social support and the receipt of hugs___6__the participants'susceptibility（敏感性）to developing the common cold after being___7__to the virus.People who perceived greater social support were less likely to come___8__with a cold,and the researchers__9___that the stress-reducing effects of hugging___10__about 32 percent of that beneficial effect.___11__among those who got a cold,the ones who felt greater social support and received more frequent hugs had less severe__12___."Hugging protects people who are under stress from the___13__risk for colds that's usually__14___with stress,"notes Sheldon Cohen,a professor of psychology at Carnegie.Hugging"is a marker of intimacy and helps__15___the feeling that others are there to help___16__difficulty."Some experts___17__the stress-reducing,health-related benefits of hugging to the release of oxytocin（后叶催产素）,often called"the bonding hormone"__18___it promotes attachment in relationships,including that between mothers and their newborn babies.Oxytocin is made primarily in the central lower part of the brain,and some of it is released into the bloodstream.But some of it___19__in the brain,where it__20___mood,behavior and physiology.3选？

A.view
B.host
C.lesson
D.choice

答案：A
解析：
此处考察词义辨析。该从句含义为：拥抱可以给你的身心健康带来_____好处。A host of为固定搭配，表示许多的，大量的，在此处语义和搭配均吻合，所以为正确答案。View观点，视野，lesson教训，choice选择，放在此处语义不通。

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考题 Directions:Write an essay based on the chart below.In your writing,you should 1）interpret the chart,and 2）give your comments.You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET. 答案：解析：The pie chart given above reflects the public's attitude towards food safety.According to the figures,44.7%of the people take neutral attitude towards food safety,ranking first.The percentage of consumers being a little worried about food safety ranks the third among all.making up t 5.8%.There is no denying that food safety is related to people's health and basic livelihood.However,many producers tend to adopt poor-quality raw materials to lower costs,resulting in poor-quality products prevailing in our society,which not only poses threats to people's health,bul also wreaks havoc（破坏）on the economic development and social stability.Particularly,when the authorities concerned fail to give direct control and supervision,these profit-driven companies are unlikely to shoulder social responsibility.To conclude,such a trend will probably develop more dramatically in the future.Therefore,it is advised that administrators and the authorities should keep taking measures to reverse such trend,and it is only by consistent and persistent efforts that they can ultimately eliminate the misdeeds.
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考题 共用题干 第三篇Look After Your VoiceOften speakers at a meeting experience dry mouths and ask for a glass of water. You can solve the problem by activating the saliva in you mouth.First gently bite the edges of your tongue with your teeth.Or press your entire tongue to the bottom of your mouth and hold it there until the saliva flow.Or you can imagine that you are slicing a big juicy lemon and sucking the juice.Before you begin your talk,be kind to your voice.Avoid milk or creamy drinks which coat your throat.Keep your throat wet by drinking a little sweetened warm tea or diluted fruit juice.If you sense that your are losing your voice,stop talking completely.Save your voice for your speech. You may feel foolish using paper to write notes,but the best thing you can do is to rest your voice.If you need to see a doctor,perhaps you can get some advice from a professional singer. In the meantime,do not even talk in a low voice.What about drinking alcohol to wet your throat?I advice you not to touch alcohol before speaking. The problem with alcohol is that one drink gives you a little confidence.The second drink gives you even more confidence.Finally you will feel all-powerful and you will feel you can do everything,but in fact your brain and your mouth do not work together properly.Save the alcohol until after you finish speaking.Perhaps you want to accept the advice,but you may wonder if you can ever change the habits of a life- time.Of course you can.Goethe,who lived before indoor skating rinks or swimming pools,said,"We learn to skate in the summer and swim in the winter."Take this message to heart and give yourself time to develop your new habits.If you are willing to change,you will soon be able to say that you will never forget these techniques because they became a part of your body.What did Goethe say about skating and swimming?A:He said people could learn to skate when it was hot and swim when it was cold.B:He said people could learn to skate and swim when it was hot.C:He said people could learn to skate and swim when it was cold.D:He said people could learn to skate when it was cold and swim when it was hot.答案：A解析：在文章第一段中，作者提到三种解决讲话时口干的方法，分别对应A、B、C选项。故 选D。由文章第三段第三句“...but the best thing you can do is to rest your voice.”可知，答案 为A。由文章第四段可知，作者忠告演说者在演说之前千万不要饮酒。故选B。文章最后一段中歌德的原话是“We learn to skate in the summer and swim in the winter",A项与歌德的说法最接近。作者在最后一段引用歌德的话想证明，一个人在一生中养成的习惯如果想改还是可以 改的。故选C。第5部分：补全短文
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考题 问答题Directions: Suppose you are Li Ming. One of your roommates is getting addicted to smoking. You are going to write a letter, trying to persuade him to quit. Your letter should be persuasive. It may be advisable to include the following points in your letter.　　A letter to a roommate　　1) His smoking is becoming a problem for all his roommates.　　2) He is ruining his health.　　3) Smoking harms the health of others around him, too.　　4) He can quit if he is determined.　　You should write about 100 words. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming” instead. You do not need to write the address. Now write the letter on the Answer Sheet.正确答案：Dear Tom, I am writing this letter to tell you how I think about your smoking. I know you are a very kind and easy-going roommate, but your newly developed habit of smoking has really become a headache for all of us. Smoking is a bad habit because it can harm your health and ruin your life. Smoking would make you spend much money, especially so when you are addicted to it. The cigarette contains nicotine which can hurt your lungs and windpipes directly. It is widely proved that a large percentage of people who suffer from lung cancer are smokers. Smoking hurts not only your health, but also that of others around you. When smoking in the dormitory, you exhale the fog which fill into the air and this fog is inhaled by the people around you. Air is important to our health. But the air becomes more unbearable due to the butts left in the ashtray. We have never had fresh air since you took up the habit. I hope you could quit this bad habit. It is not difficult if you are determined to do it. Forming a new habit takes only 21 days.Sincerely yours,Li Ming(Word Count: 199)解析：暂无解析
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考题 问答题You have read the following advertisement in a magazine.　　Recommend a Friend　　Do you know someone who meets the following criteria?　　※ Has a keen interest in other cultures　　※ Is able to work as part of a team　　※ Has a range of practical skills (indoors or outdoors)　　※ Is willing to endure unfamiliar environmental conditions　　An aid team is looking for people to help out with voluntary work scheme in undeveloped rural areas in my country.　　If there is someone you would like to recommend for this, please submit a formal proposal to the magazine, clearly addressing the criteria above and outlining the contributions that you feel this person would be able to make to a project of this kind.　　You have a close friend who wishes to participate in this project and you feel he or she would be very suitable. Please write a recommendation to the magazine.　　You should write no fewer than 100 words on the answer sheet.正确答案：2nd NovemberDear principal, I am writing to recommend Jack as a team member to you. I think he can help a lot in your work. Jack is a professional photographer who works all around the world to take impressive photos. His experience has proven that he definitely has a keen interest in other culture. Meanwhile, as a space-traveler, he is willing to and be able to endure unfamiliar environmental conditions. Besides, he can take photos both to record and promote this project so as to attract people’s attention and convince them to make more effort on it. At last but not least, he is a really kind person who always helps people in difficult positions. The facts I mentioned above are the very reasons why I recommend Jack to you. I think he is all qualified and I hope you can agree with me and give him an opportunity to participate this project.Yours sincerely,Mary解析：暂无解析
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