Text 4 If the trade unionist Jimmy Hoffa were alive today,he would probably represent civil servant.When Hoffa’s Teamsters were in their prime in 1960,only one in ten American government workers belo

题目
Text 4 If the trade unionist Jimmy Hoffa were alive today,he would probably represent civil servant.When Hoffa’s Teamsters were in their prime in 1960,only one in ten American government workers belonged to a union;now 36%do.In 2009 the number of unionists in America’s public sector passed that of their fellow members in the private sector.In Britain,more than half of public-sector workers but only about 15%of private-sector ones are unionized.There are three reasons for the public-sector unions’thriving.First,they can shut things down without suffering much in the way of consequences.Second,they are mostly bright and well-educated.A quarter of America’s public-sector workers have a university degree.Third,they now dominate left-of-centre politics.Some of their ties go back a long way.Britain’s Labor Party,as its name implies,has long been associated with trade unionism.Its current leader,Ed Miliband,owes his position to votes from public-sector unions.At the state level their influence can be even more fearsome.Mark Baldassare of the Public Policy Institute of California points out that much of the state’s budget is patrolled by unions.The teachers’unions keep an eye on schools,the CCPOA on prisons and a variety of labor groups on health care.In many rich countries average wages in the state sector are higher than in the private one.But the real gains come in benefits and work practices.Politicians have repeatedly“backloaded”public-sector pay deals,keeping the pay increases modest but adding to holidays and especially pensions that are already generous.Reform has been vigorously opposed,perhaps most egregiously in education,where charter schools,academies and merit pay all faced drawn-out battles.Even though there is plenty of evidence that the quality of the teachers is the most important variable,teachers’unions have fought against getting rid of bad ones and promoting good ones.As the cost to everyone else has become clearer,politicians have begun to clamp down.In Wisconsin the unions have rallied thousands of supporters against Scott Walker,the hardline Republican governor.But many within the public sector suffer under the current system,too.John Donahue at Harvard’s Kennedy School points out that the norms of culture in Western civil services suit those who want to stay put but is bad for high achievers.The only American public-sector workers who earn well above$250,000 a year are university sports coaches and the president of the United States.Bankers’fat pay packets have attracted much criticism,but a public-sector system that does not reward high achievers may be a much bigger problem for America.36.It can be learned from the first paragraph that

A.Teamsters still have a large body of members.
B.Jimmy Hoffa used to work as a civil servant.
C.unions have enlarged their public-sector membership.
D.the government has improved its relationship with unionists.
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相似问题和答案

第1题:

English is a ( ) language and should not be taught as if it were a ( )one.

A、living/ dying

B、living/ dead

C、alive/ dying

D、alive/ dead


参考答案:B

第2题:

Ten amendments introduced by James Madison in 1789 were added to the Constitution. They are knows as _____.

A.the Articles of Confederation

B.the Bill of Right

C.the Civil Rights

D.Federalist Papers


正确答案:B

第3题:

() today, he would get there by Friday.

A.Was he leaving

B.If he is leaving

C.Were he to leave

D.If he leaves


参考答案:C

第4题:

根据下面资料,回答题
German Prime Minister Otto Von Bismarck may be most famous for his 11 and diplomatic talent, but his contributions to the society include many of today′s social insurance programs. During the middle of the 19th century, Germany, along with other European nations, 12 an unusual outbreak of workplace deaths and accidents as a result of growing 13 . Motivated in part by Christian sympathy for the helpless as well as a practical political impulse to get the created of the socialist labor movement, Bismarck 14 the world′ s first worker′ s compensation law in 1884.
By 1908, the United States was the 15 industrial nation in the world that lacked workers′ compensation insurance. American′s injured workers could seek compensation in a court of law, but they still faced a number of tough legal barriers. 16 , employees had to prove that their injuries directly 17 employer′s lack of care and they themselves were ignorant about potential danger in the workplace. The first state workers′ compensation law in this country passed in 1911, and the program soon 18 throughout the nation.
After World War II, benefit payments to American workers did not 19 the cost of living. In fact, real benefit levels were lower in the 1970s than they were in the 1940s, and in most states the maximum benefit was below the poverty level for a family of four. In 1970, President Richard Nixon set up a national commission to study the problems of workers′ compensation. Two years later, the commission issued 19 key recommendations, 20 one that called for increasing compensation benefit levels to 100 percent of the states′ average weekly wages.


A.spread
B.promoted
C.stretched
D.placed

答案:A
解析:
考查动词辨析。spread“传播,蔓延”,promote“提升”,stretch“伸展”,place“放置”。美国第一部工人赔偿法在1911年通过后就迅速传播到整个国家。故选A。

第5题:

If there were only one question left ,what would it most probably be?

A.What was your childhood dream?

B.What is your biggest achievement?

C.What is your parents view of you?

D.What was your handest expenrience in the war?


正确答案:B

第6题:

in any way

expect to

come up with

on board

be likely

1.If there were extraterrestrial lives on Mars, we would __________ find some forms of water on that planet. 2.The police claimed that the suicide bombing was not connected to terrorists __________. 3.Only one passenger who was __________ the plane that day was willing to appear in court as a witness of the accident. 4.Scientists will have to _________ new methods of increasing the world’s food supply. 5.As the local government was making efforts to create more jobs, it ________ that the unemployment rate would fell in a few months.


参考答案:1.expect to
2.in any way
3.on board
4.come up with
5.was likely

第7题:

根据下列材料,请回答 36~40 题:

If the trade unionist Jimmy Hoffa were alive today, he would probably represent civil servant. When Hoffa’s Teamsters were in their prime in 1960, only one in ten American government workers belonged to a union; now 36% do. In 2009 the number of unionists in America’s public sector passed that of their fellow members in the private sector. In Britain, more than half of public-sector workers but only about 15% of private-sector ones are unionized.

There are three reasons for the public-sector unions’ thriving. First, they can shut things down without suffering much in the way of consequences. Second, they are mostly bright and well-educated. A quarter of America’s public-sector workers have a university degree. Third, they now dominate left-of-centre politics. Some of their ties go back a long way. Britain’s Labor Party, as its name implies, has long been associated with trade unionism. Its current leader, Ed Miliband, owes his position to votes from public-sector unions.

At the state level their influence can be even more fearsome. Mark Baldassare of the Public Policy Institute of California points out that much of the state’s budget is patrolled by unions. The teachers’ unions keep an eye on schools, the CCPOA on prisons and a variety of labor groups on health care.

In many rich countries average wages in the state sector are higher than in the private one. But the real gains come in benefits and work practices. Politicians have repeatedly “backloaded” public-sector pay deals, keeping the pay increases modest but adding to holidays and especially pensions that are already generous.

Reform. has been vigorously opposed, perhaps most egregiously in education, where charter schools, academies and merit pay all faced drawn-out battles. Even though there is plenty of evidence that the quality of the teachers is the most important variable, teachers’ unions have fought against getting rid of bad ones and promoting good ones.

As the cost to everyone else has become clearer, politicians have begun to clamp down. In Wisconsin the unions have rallied thousands of supporters against Scott Walker, the hardline Republican governor. But many within the public sector suffer under the current system, too.

John Donahue at Harvard’s Kennedy School points out that the norms of culture in Western civil services suit those who want to stay put but is bad for high achievers. The only American public-sector workers who earn well above $250,000 a year are university sports coaches and the president of the United States. Bankers’ fat pay packets have attracted much criticism, but a public-sector system that does not reward high achievers may be a much bigger problem for America.

第 36 题 It can be learned from the first paragraph that

[A] Teamsters still have a large body of members.

[B] Jimmy Hoffa used to work as a civil servant.

[C] unions have enlarged their public-sector membership.

[D]the government has improved its relationship with unionists.


正确答案:
答案暂无

第8题:

Passage Five

Jim was intelligent, but he hated hard work. He said, "You work hard, and make a lot of money, and then the government takes most of it. I want easy work that gives me lots of money and that the government doesn't know about".

So he became a thief--but he did not do the stealing himself. He got others to do it. They were much less intelligent than he was, so he arranged everything and told them what to do.

One day they were looking for rich families to rob, and Jim sent one of them to a large beautiful house just outside the town.

It was evening, and when the man looked through one of the windows, he saw a young man and a girl playing on a piano.

When he went back to Jim, he said, "That family can't have much money. Two people were playing on the same piano there."

52. What Jim said can be said to be______.

A. an excuse

B. a lie

C. a joke

D. a truth


正确答案:A

此题为推论题,从一开始就看到吉姆是一个聪明人,但是却希望不劳而获,于是他当起了小偷的头,因此推论,他所说的话只是借口。

第9题:

根据下面资料,回答题
German Prime Minister Otto Von Bismarck may be most famous for his 11 and diplomatic talent, but his contributions to the society include many of today′s social insurance programs. During the middle of the 19th century, Germany, along with other European nations, 12 an unusual outbreak of workplace deaths and accidents as a result of growing 13 . Motivated in part by Christian sympathy for the helpless as well as a practical political impulse to get the created of the socialist labor movement, Bismarck 14 the world′ s first worker′ s compensation law in 1884.
By 1908, the United States was the 15 industrial nation in the world that lacked workers′ compensation insurance. American′s injured workers could seek compensation in a court of law, but they still faced a number of tough legal barriers. 16 , employees had to prove that their injuries directly 17 employer′s lack of care and they themselves were ignorant about potential danger in the workplace. The first state workers′ compensation law in this country passed in 1911, and the program soon 18 throughout the nation.
After World War II, benefit payments to American workers did not 19 the cost of living. In fact, real benefit levels were lower in the 1970s than they were in the 1940s, and in most states the maximum benefit was below the poverty level for a family of four. In 1970, President Richard Nixon set up a national commission to study the problems of workers′ compensation. Two years later, the commission issued 19 key recommendations, 20 one that called for increasing compensation benefit levels to 100 percent of the states′ average weekly wages.


A.resulted in
B.stood for
C.resulted from
D.dealt with

答案:C
解析:
考查动词短语辨析。result in“导致”,stand for“代表”,result from“由……引起”,deal with“处理”。工人必须证明他们受伤是由于雇主对他们缺乏关心。故选C。

第10题:

On trade,President Donald Trump has launched lots of investigations,withdrawn from one deal and started the renegotiation of another.But this week is the first time he has put up a big new barrier On January 22nd he approved broad and punitive duties,of up to 30%on imports of solar panels and up to 50%on imports of washing machines.His backers say that the measure,which affects aroundS 10bn of imports,will protect American workers.His critics cling to the hope that the damage will be mild.Both are wrong.Start with the claims made by the administration.Workers are also consumers,and Mr Trump's actions will whack them.Tariffs raise prices and dull competition.Whirlpool Corporation,the washing machine maker which asked for the duties,knows as much.When,n 2006,it merged with maytag,arival,it quelled concerns about its high market share by pointing to competition from abroad.One study found that clothes-dryer prices rose by 14%after the merger.For washing machines,where import competition was fiercer,prices were unchanged The solar industry is a clearer case.It has about 260,000 workers,a mere 2,000 of whom were making solar cells and panels at the end of 2016.The government reckons that the fastest-growing occupation over the next ten years will be that of solar installer.The Solar Energy Industries Association,a body that is enraged by the new tariffs,reckons that the industry will support up to 23,000 fewer jobs because of them.Meanwhile,as if to underline the irony,the two companies that asked for protection are unlikely to be saved And do not forget that the tariffs may harm American industry more broadly.Restricting markets for imports tends to spark retaliation that restricts markets for exports-especially when,as with these latest tariffs,they affect everyone.China,supposedly the focus of American ire,produces 60%of the world,solar cells and is responsible for 21%of America's imports.But South Korea will also be hit,and its government is poised to dispute America's action at the World Trade Organisation.Other casualties include Mexico,Canada and the European Union That Mr Trump has stayed within the rules is small comfort:they give him enormous scope to poison world trade.And it would be wrong to skate over the differences between his administration and its predecessors.The last time this particular safeguard was applied was in 2002.It is especially belligerent.Past presidents remained wary of hurting American consumers,and mindful of international repercussions.Mr.Trump,by contrast,seems to hold a steadfast belief that protectionism works.His rhetoric-and now his actions-invite aggrieved petitioners to apply for help.The logic of his stance on trade is to use tariffs not sparingly,but repeatedly and aggressively.Mr Trump is now open for business,just not the healthy sort
According to the last paragraph,to which of the following would the author most probably agree?

A.Trump is not much different from his predecessors in terms of trade policies
B.Though attempting to restrict trade,Trump still considers the publics reaction
C.Trump is misleading the American trade with his arbitrary words and actions
D.Trump's protectionism will radically alter America's openness to trade

答案:C
解析:
细节题。根据题干可以定位到最后一段。

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