Rats and other animals need to be highly at tuned to social signals from others so that can identify friends to cooperate with and enemies to avoid.To find out if this extends to non-living beings,Lo

题目
Rats and other animals need to be highly at tuned to social signals from others so that can identify friends to cooperate with and enemies to avoid.To find out if this extends to non-living beings,Loleh Quinn at the University of California,San Diego,and her colleagues tested whether rats can detect social signals form robotic rats.They housed eight adult rats with two types of robotic rat-one social and one asocial一for 5 our days.The robots rats were quite minimalist,resembling a chunkier version of a computer mouse with wheels-to move around and colorful markings.During the experiment,the social robot rat followed the living rats around,played with the same toys,and opened caged doors to let trapped rats escape.Meanwhile,the asocial robot simply moved forwards and backwards and side to side Next,the researchers trapped the robots in cages and gave the rats the opportunity to release them by pressing a lever.Across 18 trials each,the living rats were 52 percent more likely on average to set the social robot free than the asocial one.This suggests that the rats perceived the social robot as a genuine social being.They may have bonded more with the social robot because it displayed behaviours like communal exploring and playing.This could lead to the rats better remembering having freed it earlier,and wanting the robot to return the favour when they get trapped,says Quinn.The readiness of the rats to befriend the social robot was surprising given its minimal design.The robot was the same size as a regular rat but resembled a simple plastic box on wheels.“We'd assumed we'd have to give it a moving head and tail,facial features,and put a scene on it to make it smell like a real rat,but that wasn’t necessary,”says Janet Wiles at the University of Queensland in Australia,who helped with the research.The finding shows how sensitive rats are to social cues,even when they come from basic robots.Similarly,children tend to treat robots as if they are fellow beings,even when they display only simple social signals.“We humans seem to be fascinated by robots,and it turns out other animals are too,”says Wiles.
What did the social robot do during the experiment?

A.It followed the social robot.
B.It played with some toys.
C.It set the trapped rats free.
D.It moved around alone.
参考答案和解析
答案:D
解析:
本题目为细节题,考察具体细节。根据题干关键词the asocial robot和experiment定位到第三段最后一句Meanwhile,the asocial robot simply moved forwards and backwards and side to side.同时,不具有社交能力的机器人只能进行简单的前后左右移动。正确答案D It moved around alone.是原文的同义替换。选项A的It followed the social robot.它跟随具备社交能力的老鼠,与原文the social robot rat followed the living rats around不符,原文说的是具备社交能力的老鼠跟随真老鼠,属于张冠李戴。选项B的It played with some toys.它玩一些玩具,与原文不符,原文中说的是具备社交能力的老鼠玩同样的玩具,属于张冠李戴。选项C的It set the trapped rats free.它释放了被困的老鼠也与原文内容不符,原文说的同样是具备社交能力的老鼠,而题干问的是不具备社交能力的老鼠在实验中做了什么,属于张冠李戴。
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相似问题和答案

第1题:

Cryonics movement is trying to find ways to () human beings so they can be revived in the future.

A. conserve

B. reserve

C. preserve

D. deserve


参考答案:C

第2题:

Why did Isaksen advise people not to have foreign pets?

A. They attack human beings.

B. We need to study native animals.

C. They can’t live out of the rain forest.

D. We do not know much about them yet.


正确答案:D

第3题:

Everyone needs friends, and if you fail to make friends, you should examine yourself and see if there is something wrong with your personality.

Maybe you have social faults such as snobbishness, talkativeness, using slang, etc., which drive away your new acquaintances. Whatever your social faults may be, look at them honestly, and make a real effort to correct them.

To be friendly you must feel friendly. Cheerfulness is the basis of friendliness. A cheerful person smiles. A smile is a magnet which draws people. Smile at someone and you are almost sure to get a smile in return.

A friendly person does his best to make a stranger feel at home, wherever he happens to be. Put yourself in the other fellow's place and make him feel welcome.

Try to remember names. It makes your new acquaintances feel happy when you call them by their names. It gives them the feeling that they have made an impression on you and that must mean something to them because you remember them.

If you do not agree with other people on a certain matter, you should appear to be friendly. Do not argue, but discuss. You always lose friends if you argue too much.

A friendly person thinks of others, and does not insist on his own “rights”. People who refuse to consider others have few friends.

Finally, don't treat people only according to their social position. Really friendly people respect everyone at all times.

(1)Those who fail to make friends may ______.

A、discuss with others rather than argue with others

B、remember the names of new acquaintances

C、insist on his own rights and fail to stand in others' shoes

D、make a stranger feel at home

(2)What does the word “magnet” mean in the third paragraph?

A、brush

B、sth. beautiful

C、sign

D、sth. attractive

(3)What can we infer from this passage?

A、Others will smile at you if you smile at them.

B、If you respect people no matter who they are, you'll make more friends.

C、Snobbishness, talkativeness and using slang are some social faults.

D、None of the above.

(4)According to the passage, which of the following statement is NOT true?

A、Making friends has sth. to do with your personality.

B、Cheerful smiles can make you friendly in others' eyes.

C、Friendly people will treat others according to their social position.

D、Thinking of others can bring you more friends.

(5)The purpose of the passage is ________.

A、how to correct social faults

B、how to build good personality

C、how to feel at home with strangers

D、how to make friends


参考答案:CDBCD

第4题:

Most animals have little connection with animals of different kind, unless they hunt them for food. Sometimes, however, two kinds of animals come together in a partnership ( 伙伴关系 ) which does good to both of them. You may have noticed some birds sitting on the backs of sheep. This is not because they want a ride, but because they find easy food in the parasites (寄生虫 ) on sheep. The sheep allow the birds to do so because they remove the cause of discomfort. So although they can manage without each other, they do better together.

Sometimes an animal has a plant partner. The relationship develops until the two partners cannot manage without each other. This is so in the corals ( 珊瑚 ) of the sea. In their skins they have tiny plants act as "dustman", taking some of the waste products form. the corals and giving in return oxygen which the animal needs to breathe. If the plants are killed, or are ever prevented from lighting so that they cannot live normally, the corals will die.

1、Some birds like to sit on a sheep because ( ).

A、they can eat its parasites

B、 they depend on the sheep for existence

C、 they enjoy traveling with the sheep

D、 they find the position most comfortable

2、The underlined word "they" in the last sentence of the first paragraph refers to ( ).

A、birds and parasites

B、birds and sheep

C、parasites and sheep

D、sheep, birds and parasites

3、What does the second paragraph mainly discuss? ( )

A、Some animals and plants depend on each other for existence.

B、 Some animals and plants develop their relationship easily.

C、 Some plants depend on each other for foo

D、 Some animals live better together.

4、What does this article talk about? ( )

A、Two kinds of animals for a partnership.

B、Most animals only have connection with animals.

C、The connection between the living things.

D、Corals have some connection with plants.


正确答案:1A 2B 3A 4C


第5题:

E

Every day we experiencc one of the wonders of the world around us without even realizing it It is not the amszing complexity of television. Nor the impressive tcchnology of transport The universal wonder we share and

Experience is our ability to make noises with our mouths, and so transmit ideas and thoughts to each other’s minds. This ability comes so naturally that tend to forget what a miracle(奇迹)it is.

Obviously, the ability to talk is something that marks humans off from animals. Of course, some animals have powers just as amazing. Birds can fly thousands of miles by observing positions of the stars in the sky in relation to the time of day and year. In Nature’s went show, humans are a species of animal that have deve pod their own special act. If we reduce it to basie ferms, it’s a ability for communicating information to ther by varying sounds we make as we breathe out.

Not the to don’t have other powers of communication. Our facia. expressions convey our emotions, such as anger, or jout or disappointment. The way we hold our beads can indicate to others whether we are happy or sad. This is so-called “body language”. Bristling(直立的)fur is an unmistakable warning of attack among many animals. Similarly, the bowed bead or drooping tail shows a readiness to take second place in any animal gathering.

Such a means of communication is a basic mechanism that animals, including human beings, instinctively acquire and display. Is the ability to speak just another sort of instinct? If so, how did human beings acquire this amazing skill? Biologists can readily indicate that particular area of our brain where speech mechanisms function, but this doesn’t tell us how that part of our bodies originated in our biological history.

72.According to the passage, the wonder we take for granted is____ .

A.our ability to use language

B.the mintle of technalay

C.the miaole power of nature

D.our canlity to make noises with mouth


正确答案:A

第6题:

A

The undersea world is very beautiful. Now more and more people want to dive in the water to find the secrets there. Scuba diving is a new sport today. It can take you into a wonder-ful undersea world.

You will find many strange animals in the sea. Some are as large as a school bus. Many sea animals give out light in the dark and some have sharp teeth.During the day, there is enough light. Here, under the sea, everything is blue and green.When fish swim nearby, you can catch them with your hands. When you have bottles of air on your back, you can stay in deep water for a long time. However, you can-t dive too deep. And you must be very careful when you dive in deep water.The deep sea is not an easy place to live in. It-s cold, and it,s dark, too. The deeper it is, the less sunlight there is. At about 3,000 feet, there is no light at all. It is very dark in the sea. Many fishes have no eyes. Some have big eyes. A few have eyes on one side. Besides the cold and the darkness, deep-sea animals face a third danger-other animals.

Animals eat! They must find food to eat. Many animals eat plants. However, some am-mals eat meat. This means these sea animals have two big jobs. They need to find animals as food, and they have to try not to become other animals' meal.

( )21. Why do people want to dive in the sea? Because ________ .

A.they want to catch fish

B. they want to find the secrets of the undersea world

C. the sea is deep

D, there are all kinds of plants in the sea


正确答案:B
21.B【解析】由第一段第二句可知

第7题:

On most campuses, one can find an international club, which includes Americans, where students can get to know and learn socially from students from other countries, as well as Americans.


正确答案:

 译文:在大多数的校园里都有国际俱乐部,成员包括美国学生。在俱乐部里,学生(包括美国学生)通过与来自其他国家的学生的社会交往相互认识并学习。

本题考核的知识点是:定语从句。

句子主干是one can find an international club,句首介词短语On most campuses做地点状语,club后接有whichwhere分别引导的两个定语从句。由于从句较长,采用拆译法单独成句。而且由于两个定语从句共用一个先行词club,因此它需要译两次。

词汇方面:socially意为“在社交方面”。

第8题:

Human beings are social animals; therefore, we need friends and I'm __________ exception.

A.above

B.beyond

C.without

D.no


参考答案:D 解答参考:D above exception 意为"无可非议的";beyond exception 意为"无可非议的";in exception 无此搭配;be no exception 意为"不例外"

第9题:

What can be inferred from Paragraph 3?

A.Body language is uniqun to humans.

B.Animals express emotions just as humans do.

C.Humans have other poeers of communication.

D.Humans are thfferent from animals to some degree.


正确答案:D

第10题:

One can never find out what the other people think about from his facial expression.

A、It means "wearing the mask"

B、It means "keeping ideas to herself"

C、It means "telling everyone her bright ideas"

D、It means "agreeing with others’ ideas"


参考答案:A

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