共用题干 Understanding Autism1 Autism(孤独症)is a life-long developmental disability that prevents individuals from proper-ly understanding what they see,hear,and otherwise sense. This results in severe problems of social relationships,communication, and behavio

题目
共用题干
Understanding Autism
1 Autism(孤独症)is a life-long developmental disability that prevents individuals from proper-ly understanding what they see,hear,and otherwise sense. This results in severe problems of social relationships,communication, and behavior. Individuals with autism have to painstakingly(费力地) learn normal patterns of speech and communication,and appropriate ways to relate to people,ob-jects,and events,in a similar manner to those who have had a stroke.
2 The cause of autism is still unknown. Some research suggests a physical problem affecting those parts of the brain that process language and information coming in from the senses. There may be some imbalance of certain chemicals in the brain. Genetic(遗传的)factors may sometimes be in-volved. Autism may indeed result from a combination of several“causes”.
3 Most people with mental retardation(智力迟钝)show relatively even skill develop-ment. Individuals with autism,however,typically show uneven skill development,with deficits(欠缺)in certain areas一most frequently in their ability to communicate and relate to others一and distinct skills in other areas.It is important to distinguish autism from mental retardation or ether disorders, since diagnostic(诊断的)confusion may lead to inappropriate and ineffective treatment techniques.
4 In general,individuals with autism perform best at jobs which are structured and involve a degree of repetition. Some people who have autism are working as artists,piano tuners,painters,farm workers,office workers,computer operators,dishwashers,assembly line workers,or employees of sheltered workshops or other sheltered work settings.

Paragraph 4______
A: What Causes Autism?
B: How Common Is Autism?
C: Does Autism Occur Together With Other Disabilities?
D: What Is the Difference Between Autism and Mental Retardation?
E: What Is Autism?
F: What Kinds of Jobs Can Individuals With Autism Do?
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相似问题和答案

第1题:

The child has no understanding of problems, according ____ the doctor.

A. for

B. in

C. on

D. to


参考答案:D

第2题:

共用题干
Understanding Autism(孤独症)

1 Autism is a life-long developmental disability that prevents individuals from properly understanding
what,they see,hear,and otherwise sense.This results in severe problems of social relationships,
communication , and behavior. Individuals with autism have to painstakingly(费力地)learn normal patterns
of speech and communication,and appropriate ways to relate to people,objects,and events,in a similar
manner to those who have had a stroke.
2 The cause of autism is still unknown.Some research suggests a physical problem affecting those parts
of the brain that process language and information coming in from the senses.There may be some imbalance
of certain chemicals in the brain. Genetic(遗传的)factors may sometimes be involved. Autism may indeed
result from a combination of several"causes".
3 Most people with mental retardation(智力迟钝的)show relatively even skill development. Individuals
with autism, however,typically show uneven skill development, with deficits(欠缺)in certain areas—most
frequently in their ability to communicate and relate to others—and distinct skills in other areas.It is
importantto distinguish autism from mental retardation or other disorders , since diagnostic(诊断的)confusion
may lead to inappropriate and ineffective treatment techniques.
4 In general,individuals with autism perform best at jobs which are structured and involve a degree of
repetition.Some people who have autism are working as artists,piano tuners,painters,farm workers,office
workers,computer operators,dishwashers,assembly line workers,or employees of sheltered workshops or
other sheltered work settings.

Autism and mental retardation should be treated with ________.
A:different techniques
B:social relationships and communication
C:language and information
D:several causes working together
E:a degree of repetition
F:skill development

答案:A
解析:
文章第一段主要讲述了孤独症的定义及其影响,故选D。
文章第二段“The cause of autism is still unknown.”一句是本段的主题句,此段以下内容 均是围绕着孤独症的致病因素展开的,故选A。
第三段主要讲述了智障(mental retardation)和孤独症的区别,故选F。
第四段主要讲述了患有孤独症的人更擅长的工作类型。他们擅长结构性、重复性较强 的工作,故选E。
由第一段对孤独症的定义可知,患有孤独症的人在社会关系和沟通方面表现不佳,故 选B。
由文章第二段最后一句“Autism may indeed result from a combination of several 'causes'.”可知,孤独症可能是若干因素联合作用的结果,故选D。
由文章第三段最后一句可知,智力迟钝和孤独症的区分很重要,因为如果对二者的诊 断产生混淆,则会导致不当和无效的处理技巧,故选A。
由文章第三段第二句中“Individuals with autism, however, typically show uneven skill development”可知,患有孤独症的人的典型特征是,他们技术能力发展不平稳,故选F。第4部分:阅读理解第一篇 本篇文章主要讲述的是基因工程的起源、相关的产品及其影响。

第3题:

What can be the best title for the passage?

A. The Eye as the Window to the Soul

B. Cultural Differences in Reading Emotions

C. Effective Methods to Develop Social Skills

D. How to Increase Cross-cultural Understanding


正确答案:B

第4题:

共用题干
Understanding Autism

1 Autism(孤独症)is a life-long developmental disability that prevents individuals from
properly understanding what they see,hear and other senses.This results in severe
problems of social relationships,communication and behavior. Individuals with autism have
to painstakingly(费力地)learn normal patterns of speech and communication, and
appropriate ways to relate to people,objects and events,in a similar manner to those who
have had a stroke.
2 The cause of autism is still unknown.Some research suggests a physical problem
affecting those parts of the brain that process language and information coming in from the
senses. There may be some imbalance of certain chemicals in the brain. Genetic(遗传的)
factors may sometimes be involved.Autism may indeed result from a combination of several
"causes".
3 Most people with mental retardation(智力迟钝)show relatively even skill development.
Individuals with autism,however,typically show uneven skill development,with deficits(欠
缺)in certain areas一most frequently in their ability to communicate and relate to others一
and distinct skills in other areas.It is important to distinguish autism from mental retardation
or other disorders , since diagnostic(诊断的)confusion may lead to inappropriate and
ineffective treatment techniques.
4 In general,individuals with autism perlorm best at jobs which are structured and involve
a degree of repetition.Some people who have autism are working as artists,piano tuners,
painters,farm workers,office workers,computer operators,dishwashers,assembly line
workers,or employees of sheltered workshops or other sheltered work settings.

Paragraph 2_______
A:What causes autism?
B:How common is autism?
C:Does autism occur together with other disabilities?
D:What is the difference between autism and mental retardation?
E:What is autism?
F:What kinds of jobs can individuals with autism do?

答案:A
解析:

第5题:

共用题干
Understanding Autism

1 Autism(孤独症)is a life-long developmental disability that prevents individuals from
properly understanding what they see,hear and other senses.This results in severe
problems of social relationships,communication and behavior. Individuals with autism have
to painstakingly(费力地)learn normal patterns of speech and communication, and
appropriate ways to relate to people,objects and events,in a similar manner to those who
have had a stroke.
2 The cause of autism is still unknown.Some research suggests a physical problem
affecting those parts of the brain that process language and information coming in from the
senses. There may be some imbalance of certain chemicals in the brain. Genetic(遗传的)
factors may sometimes be involved.Autism may indeed result from a combination of several
"causes".
3 Most people with mental retardation(智力迟钝)show relatively even skill development.
Individuals with autism,however,typically show uneven skill development,with deficits(欠
缺)in certain areas一most frequently in their ability to communicate and relate to others一
and distinct skills in other areas.It is important to distinguish autism from mental retardation
or other disorders , since diagnostic(诊断的)confusion may lead to inappropriate and
ineffective treatment techniques.
4 In general,individuals with autism perlorm best at jobs which are structured and involve
a degree of repetition.Some people who have autism are working as artists,piano tuners,
painters,farm workers,office workers,computer operators,dishwashers,assembly line
workers,or employees of sheltered workshops or other sheltered work settings.

A typical feature of people with autism is their uneven_______.
A:different techniques
B:social relationships and communication
C:language and information
D:several causes working together
E:a degree of repetition
F:skill development

答案:F
解析:

第6题:

The international flavor of many people’s jobs naturally means that there is greater interaction(交往)between people from different cultures. Within the business environment, understanding and coping with intercultural differences between people is critical(重要的)to ensuring(保证)that interpersonal communication is successful.

Intercultural awareness(跨文化意识)is necessary for two reasons. Firstly, it minimizes(减少)the possibility of misunderstandings (误解)and/or causing offense (冒犯)through intercultural mishaps(意外). Secondly, it is a means to maximizing (使……最大化)the potential of business relationships through the utilization(利用)of intercultural differences productively.

One area within the business environment in which intercultural awareness is a necessity is in business presentation. Directors(主管), managers, salespeople, consultants (顾问)and business personnel are regularly required to deliver presentations. However, when one is asked to give a presentation to an audience from a different culture there are intercultural factors that can hinder(阻碍)the success of a presentation.

1. What is very important in interpersonal communication according to the text?()

A.Understanding and coping with intercultural differences between people.

B.Greater interaction between people from different cultures.

C.Offense through intercultural mishaps.

D.Misunderstanding through intercultural mishaps.

2.What can we infer(推理)from the text about intercultural communication?()

A.There are many differences among people from different cultures.

B.Misunderstandings seldom occur(发生)in intercultural communication.

C.Intercultural mishaps do not exist within the business environment.

D.Business presentation is an easy job in intercultural communication.

3.How can intercultural awareness help in strengthening business relationship?()

A.It minimizes the possibility of misunderstandings in intercultural communication.

B.It can help people find the intercultural factors that can hinder the success of a business presentation.

C.It can help people use intercultural differences productively.

D.All of the above.

4.What does intercultural awareness mean?()

A.Intercultural differences in intercultural communication.

B.Understanding and coping with intercultural differences between people.

C.Giving a business presentation.

D.Misunderstandings through intercultural mishaps.

5.If this text goes on, what do you think the author is going to talk about next?()

A.The intercultural factors that can hinder the success of a business presentation.

B.Misunderstandings in intercultural communication.

C.Intercultural mishaps.

D.How to use intercultural differences productively.


正确答案:1.A2.A3.D4.B5.A

第7题:

共用题干
Understanding Autism(孤独症)

1 Autism is a life-long developmental disability that prevents individuals from properly understanding
what,they see,hear,and otherwise sense.This results in severe problems of social relationships,
communication , and behavior. Individuals with autism have to painstakingly(费力地)learn normal patterns
of speech and communication,and appropriate ways to relate to people,objects,and events,in a similar
manner to those who have had a stroke.
2 The cause of autism is still unknown.Some research suggests a physical problem affecting those parts
of the brain that process language and information coming in from the senses.There may be some imbalance
of certain chemicals in the brain. Genetic(遗传的)factors may sometimes be involved. Autism may indeed
result from a combination of several"causes".
3 Most people with mental retardation(智力迟钝的)show relatively even skill development. Individuals
with autism, however,typically show uneven skill development, with deficits(欠缺)in certain areas—most
frequently in their ability to communicate and relate to others—and distinct skills in other areas.It is
importantto distinguish autism from mental retardation or other disorders , since diagnostic(诊断的)confusion
may lead to inappropriate and ineffective treatment techniques.
4 In general,individuals with autism perform best at jobs which are structured and involve a degree of
repetition.Some people who have autism are working as artists,piano tuners,painters,farm workers,office
workers,computer operators,dishwashers,assembly line workers,or employees of sheltered workshops or
other sheltered work settings.

Paragraph 4 ________
A:What Causes Autism
B:How Common is Autism
C:Does Autism Occur Together With Other Disabilities
D:What is Autism
E:What Jobs can Individuals With Autism Do
F:What is the Difference Between Autism and Mental Retardation

答案:E
解析:
文章第一段主要讲述了孤独症的定义及其影响,故选D。
文章第二段“The cause of autism is still unknown.”一句是本段的主题句,此段以下内容 均是围绕着孤独症的致病因素展开的,故选A。
第三段主要讲述了智障(mental retardation)和孤独症的区别,故选F。
第四段主要讲述了患有孤独症的人更擅长的工作类型。他们擅长结构性、重复性较强 的工作,故选E。
由第一段对孤独症的定义可知,患有孤独症的人在社会关系和沟通方面表现不佳,故 选B。
由文章第二段最后一句“Autism may indeed result from a combination of several 'causes'.”可知,孤独症可能是若干因素联合作用的结果,故选D。
由文章第三段最后一句可知,智力迟钝和孤独症的区分很重要,因为如果对二者的诊 断产生混淆,则会导致不当和无效的处理技巧,故选A。
由文章第三段第二句中“Individuals with autism, however, typically show uneven skill development”可知,患有孤独症的人的典型特征是,他们技术能力发展不平稳,故选F。第4部分:阅读理解第一篇 本篇文章主要讲述的是基因工程的起源、相关的产品及其影响。

第8题:

6 Communication is important for all organisations and requires an understanding of communication flows and channels.

Required:

(a) Briefly explain the main purposes of the three main formal communication channels in an organisation:

(i) Downwards; (3 marks)


正确答案:
6 There are many forms of communication within an organisation, both formal and informal. Formally communicated information often flows in one of three main directions: downwards, upwards and lateral. However, all organisations also have informal communication channels and management must understand their importance.
(a) Formal communicated information flows in three main directions.
(i) Downwards. This form. of communication is often the one most easily recognised and understood. The purpose of downward communication is to give specific directives, to provide information about procedures and practices and to provide information about work practices. It also serves to tell employees about their performance and provides information on organisational and departmental objectives.

第9题:

共用题干
Understanding Autism

1 Autism(孤独症)is a life-long developmental disability that prevents individuals from
properly understanding what they see,hear and other senses.This results in severe
problems of social relationships,communication and behavior. Individuals with autism have
to painstakingly(费力地)learn normal patterns of speech and communication, and
appropriate ways to relate to people,objects and events,in a similar manner to those who
have had a stroke.
2 The cause of autism is still unknown.Some research suggests a physical problem
affecting those parts of the brain that process language and information coming in from the
senses. There may be some imbalance of certain chemicals in the brain. Genetic(遗传的)
factors may sometimes be involved.Autism may indeed result from a combination of several
"causes".
3 Most people with mental retardation(智力迟钝)show relatively even skill development.
Individuals with autism,however,typically show uneven skill development,with deficits(欠
缺)in certain areas一most frequently in their ability to communicate and relate to others一
and distinct skills in other areas.It is important to distinguish autism from mental retardation
or other disorders , since diagnostic(诊断的)confusion may lead to inappropriate and
ineffective treatment techniques.
4 In general,individuals with autism perlorm best at jobs which are structured and involve
a degree of repetition.Some people who have autism are working as artists,piano tuners,
painters,farm workers,office workers,computer operators,dishwashers,assembly line
workers,or employees of sheltered workshops or other sheltered work settings.

Individuals with autism are particularly weak at_______.
A:different techniques
B:social relationships and communication
C:language and information
D:several causes working together
E:a degree of repetition
F:skill development

答案:B
解析:

第10题:

共用题干
Understanding Autism
1 Autism(孤独症)is a life-long developmental disability that prevents individuals from proper-ly understanding what they see,hear,and otherwise sense. This results in severe problems of social relationships,communication, and behavior. Individuals with autism have to painstakingly(费力地) learn normal patterns of speech and communication,and appropriate ways to relate to people,ob-jects,and events,in a similar manner to those who have had a stroke.
2 The cause of autism is still unknown. Some research suggests a physical problem affecting those parts of the brain that process language and information coming in from the senses. There may be some imbalance of certain chemicals in the brain. Genetic(遗传的)factors may sometimes be in-volved. Autism may indeed result from a combination of several“causes”.
3 Most people with mental retardation(智力迟钝)show relatively even skill develop-ment. Individuals with autism,however,typically show uneven skill development,with deficits(欠缺)in certain areas一most frequently in their ability to communicate and relate to others一and distinct skills in other areas.It is important to distinguish autism from mental retardation or ether disorders, since diagnostic(诊断的)confusion may lead to inappropriate and ineffective treatment techniques.
4 In general,individuals with autism perform best at jobs which are structured and involve a degree of repetition. Some people who have autism are working as artists,piano tuners,painters,farm workers,office workers,computer operators,dishwashers,assembly line workers,or employees of sheltered workshops or other sheltered work settings.

Paragraph 2______
A: What Causes Autism?
B: How Common Is Autism?
C: Does Autism Occur Together With Other Disabilities?
D: What Is the Difference Between Autism and Mental Retardation?
E: What Is Autism?
F: What Kinds of Jobs Can Individuals With Autism Do?

答案:A
解析:
该段第一句是个定义句(A is B),因此应该是该段主题句。该句在对孤独症 进行定义和解释,E项“什么是孤独症”与之呼应。
段落中出现了明显的段落主题词:cause“原因”, problem affecting“起影响作用的问题”, factor“因素”。这三组词的核心词义都是“原因,因素”,因此包含段落主题词 cause的A项“造成孤独症的原因”是该段主题。
该段中出现了段落主题词retardation"智力迟钝”,因此D项“孤独症和智力迟钝之间有杆么不同”是段落主题。
段首句提到“总的来说,患有孤独症的人在做设计安排好、具有重复性的工作时表现得最出色”,接下来具体提到了什么工作适合患孤独症的人。由此可见F项“患孤独症的人能做什么工作?”是该段主题。
题干意为“患有孤独症的人尤其不擅长……”。第一道完成句子题常依据第 一段内容设置,因此首先重点关注第一段:Autism(孤独症) is a lifelong developmental disability that prevents individuals from properly understanding what they see,hear,and otherwise sense. This results in severe problems of social relationships,communication,and behavior. Individuals with autism have to painstakingly(费力地)learn(与题干中的particularly weak呼应)normal patterns of speech and communication , and appropriate ways to relate to people, objects, and events, in a similar manner to those who have had a stroke.第一段最后一句意为“患有孤独症的人在学习语言模式和交流模式,学习与他人打交道的方式,学习应对物品和事件上感到很费力”,由此可知B项“社会关系和交流”是答案。
题干意为“孤独症的出现可能是因为……的结果”。题干从内容上看涉及到造成孤独症的原因,第二段的主题就涉及到造成孤独症的原因,因此重点关注第二段,题干中没有定位线索词可以利用,因此关注题干中的其他核心词(如:题干中的修饰词,谓语动词等)(提示:题干中没有定位线索词可以利用时,就需要关注题干中其他的核心词/短语,并利用它们作为定位线索),关注题干中的修饰词possible,谓语动词happen及介词短语as a resuit of。(第二段)The cause of autism is still unknown. Some research suggests a physical problem affecting those parts of the brain that process language and information coming in from the senses. There may be some imbalance of certain chemicals in the brain. Genetic(遗传 的)factors may sometimes be involved. Autism may(与题干中的possible呼应)indeed result from(与题干中的as a result of呼应)a combination of several“ causes”.第二段最后一句提到 “孤独症可能是几个致病因素共同作用的结果”,因此答案为D项“几个致病因素共同作用”。
题干意为“应该用……对待孤独症和智力迟钝”。利用题干中的细节信息短 语mental retardation作为定位线索,在第三段中找到相关句:Most people with mental retardation(智力迟钝) show relatively even skill development. Individuals with autism , however, typically show uneven skill development, with deficits(欠缺)in certain areas一most frequently in their ability to communicate and relate to others一and distinct skills in other areas. It is important to distinguish autism from mental retardation or other disorders,since diagnostic(诊断的)confusion may lead to inappropriate and ineffective treatment techniques.段 落最后一句提到“区别孤独症和智力迟钝及其他疾病很重要,因为如果不能清楚地诊断病情可能会造成不恰当而且无效的治疗”。由此可知孤独症和智力迟钝这两种疾病需要区别对待,并且采取不同的治疗方法,因此该题答案为A项“不同的治疗方法”。
题干意为“患有孤独症的人的一个通常特征是他们不平衡的……”。利用题干中的细节信息词/短语a typical feature,作为定位线索,同时关注题干中出现的修饰词uneyen,这样在第三段中找到相关句:Most people with mental retardation(智力迟钝) show relatively even skill development. Individuals with autism, however, typically(与typical呼应) show uneven skill development, with deficits(欠缺)in certain areas-most frequently in their ability to communicate and relate to others-and distinct skills in other areas. It is important to distinguish autism from mental retardation or ether disorders , since diagnostic(诊断的)confusion may lead to inappropriate and ineffective treatment techniques.第三段第二句提到“然而,患有孤独症的人通常会出现技能发展不平衡”,由此可知患有孤独症的人通常具有的一个特点是技能发展不平衡,因此该题答案为F项“技能发展”。

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