单选题We learn from the text that ______.A Canadians have easy access to any type of medical care they want.B the Canadian government compensates every citizen for medical expenses.C a medical care is issued once a citizen seeks medical care.D the principle

题目

单选题

We learn from the text that ______.

Canadians have easy access to any type of medical care they want.

the Canadian government compensates every citizen for medical expenses.

a medical care is issued once a citizen seeks medical care.

the principle of demand and supply does not apply in the Canadian system.

参考答案和解析

正确答案： A

解析：
推理判断题。A项意为加拿大人可以很容易的得到他们想要的医疗护理，与文中最后一段第二句相悖，故排除；由第二段第一句可知税收承担的是公民所有必要的医疗费，B项every过于绝对化；C项与第二段第二句句意相悖。第二段第三句提到加拿大医疗体制下医疗费用标准由政府而非市场决定，因而推测市场经济中的基本规律——供求规律在该体制下根本不起作用，故答案为D项。

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相似问题和答案

第1题：

Text 4 The Supreme Court's decisions on physician-assisted suicide canrry important implications for how medicine seeks to relieve dying patients of pain and suffering.

Although it ruled that there is no constitutional right to physician-assisted suicide, the Court in effect supported the medical principle of "double effect, "a centuries-old moral principle holding that an action having two effects--a good one that is intended and a harmful one that is foreseen--is permissible if the actor intends only the good effect.

Doctors have used that principle in recent years to justify using high doses of morphine to control terminally ill patients' pain, even though increasing dosages will eventually kill the patient.

Nancy Dubler, director of Montefiore Medical Center, contends that the principle will shield doctors who "until now have very, very strongly insisted that they could not give patients sufficient mediation to control their pain if that might hasten death."

George Annas, chair of the health law department at Boston University, maintains that, as long as a doctor prescribes a drug for a legitimate medical purpose, the doctor has done nothing illegal even if the patient uses the drug to hasten death. "It's like surgery, "he says."We don't call those deaths homicides because the doctors didn't intend to kill their patients, although they risked their death. If you're a physician,you can risk your patient's suicide as long as you don't intend their suicide."

On another level, many in the medical community acknowledge that the assisted-suicide debate has been fueled in part by the despair of patients for whom modem medicine has prolonged the physical agony of dying.

Just three weeks before the Court's ruling on physician-assisted suicide, the National Academy of Science (NAS) released a two-volume report, Approaching Death: Improving Care at the End of Life. It identifies the undertreatment of pain and the aggressive use of "ineffectual and forced medical procedures that may prolong and even dishonor the period of dying" as the twin problems of end-of-life care.

The profession is taking steps to require young doctors to train in hospices, to test knowledge of aggressive pain management therapies, to develop a Medicare billing code for hospital-based care, and to develop new standards for assessing and treating pain at the end of life.

Annas says lawyers can play a key role in insisting that these well-meaning medical initiatives translate into better care. "Large numbers of physicians seem unconcerned with the pain their patients are needlessly and predictably suffering, " to the extent that it constitutes "systematic patient abuse." He says medical licensing boards "must make it clear...that painful deaths are presumptively ones that are incompetently managed and should result in license suspension."

第56题：From the first three paragraphs, we learn that

A doctors used to increase drug dosages to control their patients'pain.

B it is still illegal for doctors to help the dying end their lives.

C the Supreme Court strongly opposes physician-assisted suicide.

D patients have no constitutional right to commit suicide.

正确答案：B

第2题：

In medical training standards，seafarers are not required to demonstrate their ability ______．

A.to provide medical first aid on board

B.to take charge of medical care on board ships

C.to take immediate effective action in the case of accidents or illness likely to occur on board ship

D.to improve cardiac function after transplantation of autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells

正确答案：D

第3题：

From the text we learn that Stephen Cooper is

A. a well-known humanist.

B. a medical practitioner.

C. an enthusiast in animal rights.

D. a supporter of animal research.

正确答案：D

第4题：

Provision of medical care is classified into primary, secondary, and ______ care categories.

A.third
B.three
C.tertiary
D.the third

答案：C

解析：

A选项意为“第三”；B选项意为“三”；C选项意为“第三的，第三级的”；D选项意为“第三的”。题目意为“提供医疗保健分为初级、次级和_____护理类别。”因此选C，第三级护理。
　　

第5题：

共用题干
第二篇

Double Effect

The Supreme Court's decisions on physician-assisted suicide carry important implications for how medi-
cine seeks to relieve dying patients of pain and suffering.
Although it ruled that there is no constitutional right to physician-assisted suicide,the Court in effect
supported the medical principle of"double effect",a centuries-old moral principle holding that an action
having two effects一a good one that is intended and a harmful one that is foreseen一is permissible if the actor
intends only the good effect.
Doctors have used that principle in recent years to justify using high doses of morphine to control termi-
nally ill patients' pain,even though increasing dosages will eventually kill the patient.
Nancy Dubler,director of Montefiore Medical Center,contends that the principle will shield doctors
who"until now have very,very strongly insisted that they could not give patients sufficient mediation to con-
trol their pain if that might hasten death."
George Annas,chair of the health law department at Boston University,maintains that,as long as a
doctor prescribes a drug for a legitimate medical purpose,the doctor has done nothing illegal even if the pa-
tient uses the drug to hasten death."It's like surgery,"he says."We don't call those deaths homicides be-
cause the doctors didn't intend to kill their patients,although they risked their death.If you're a physician,
you can risk your patient's suicide as long as you don't intend their suicide."
On another level,many in the medical community acknowledge that the assisted-suicide debate has
been fueled in part by the despair of patients for whom modern medicine has prolonged the physical agony of
dying.
Just three weeks before the Court's ruling on physician-assisted suicide,the National Academy of
Science(NAS)released a two-volume report,Approaching Death:Improving Care at the End of Life.It
identifies the under-treatment of pain and the aggressive use of"ineffectual and forced medical procedures
that may prolong and even dishonor the period of dying" as the twin problems of end-of-life care.The
profession is taking steps to require young doctors to train in hospices,to test knowledge of aggressive pain
management therapies,to develop a Medicare billing code for hospital-based care,and to develop new
standards for assessing and treating pain at the end of life.
Annas says lawyers can play a key role in insisting that these well-meaning medical initiatives translate
into better care."Large numbers of physicians seem unconcerned with the pain their patients are needlessly
and predictably suffering,"to the extent that it constitutes"systematic patient abuse."He says medical li-
censing boards"must make it clear…that painful deaths are presumptively ones that are incompetently man-
aged and should result in license suspension."

According to the NAS's report,one of the problems in end-of-life care is________.
A:prolonged medical procedures
B:inadequate treatment of pain
C:systematic drug abuse
D:insufficient hospital care

答案：B

解析：

文章第一段说：最高法院对于医生协助病人自杀的裁决对如何使用药物来减轻病人的痛苦有着重大的意义。第二段说：尽管宪法没有赋予医生去帮助病人自杀的权力，法院实际支持率医疗界的“双效”原则。第三段说：医生们正是借用这个原则，为大剂量地给晚期（termi- nally ill)病人注射吗啡提供正当的理由，尽管增加剂量将最终致使病人于死亡。由此从第二段可推断出，B项：医生们帮助病人自杀仍是非法的，为正确答案。A项：医生过去常用增加剂量的方法来控制病人的痛苦，与第三段内容不符。C项：最高法院强烈反对医生帮助病人自杀，和D项：宪法没有赋予病人自杀的权力，都与文章内容不符。故选B。
文章第二段第一句说：法庭实际上认可了医疗界的“双效”原则。第三段又说，医疗界正是借用这个原则，为大剂量地给晚期病人注射吗啡提供正当的理由，尽管增加剂量将最终致使病人于死地。由此可知，法庭实际上同意给病人开大剂量的止痛药。这与C项意思相符。 A项：如果医生冒使病人致死的危险，将被认定有罪，与文章内容不符。B项：现代医学已经帮助晚期病人无痛康复，文中未提。D项：医生用药再也不会因为他的用药意图而被认为合理正当了，与文章内容不符。故选C。
由第七段中提到的“NAS的报告指出了医生临终护理存在着两个问题：一是治痛不力 (under-treatment of pain)，二是对无效且有强制性的医疗程序的大胆使用（the aggressive use of ineffectual and forced medical procedures)"，可知B项：对病痛治疗不力正确。
aggressive的意思有“咄咄逼人的，好斗的；攻击性的，侵略的；有闯劲的，大胆的”，根据上下文，aggressive在这里应为“大胆的”，所以选A。
在文章最后一段中，Annas指出：许多医生对病人所受的不必要的痛苦漠不关心，甚至到了“系统地虐待病人”的程度，并指出病人痛苦地死亡如果被认为是医生护理不力的后果，那就应吊销他们的行医执照。D项：延长病人不必要的痛苦为正确答案，因为Annas认为吊销医生执照的前提是病人痛苦地死亡。.

第6题：

It can be known that the medical ID theft is______.

A．a civil matter

B．a medical case

C．a political issue

D．a domestic event

正确答案：A
解析：推断题。题干大意：人们知道医疗身份欺骗是……。根据文章最后一段倒数第一句“…being considered a civil matter. ”可知它是一起民事纠纷。因此A项是正确选项。

第7题：

共用题干
第二篇

As we have seen,the focus of medical care in our society has been shifting from curing disease to preventing disease一especially in terms of changing our many unhealthy behaviors,such as poor eating habits,smoking,and failure to exercise.The line of thought involved in this shift can be pursued further. Imagine a person who is about the right weight , but does not eat very nutritious（有营养的）foods , who feels OK but exercises only occasionally , who goes to work every day , but is not an outstanding worker,who drinks a few beers at home most nights but does not drive while drunk, and who has no chest pains or abnormal blood counts,but sleeps a lot and often feels tired.This person is not ill.He may not even be at risk for any particular disease.But we can imagine that this person could be a lot healthier.
The field of medicine has not traditionally distinguished between someone who is merely "not ill" and someone who is in excellent health and pays attention to the body's special needs.Both types have simply been called "well".In recent years,however,some health specialists have begun to apply the terms "well" and "weilness" only to those who are actively striving to maintain and improve their body's condition.Most importantly,perhaps,people who are well take active responsibility for all matters related to their health.Even people who have a physical disease or handicap（缺陷）may be "well" ,in this new sense,if they make an effort to maintain the best possible health they can in the face of their physical limitations."Wellness" may perhaps best be viewed not as a state that people can achieve,but as an ideal that people can strive for. People who are well are likely to be better able to resist disease and to fight disease when it strikes.And by focusing attention on healthy ways of living,the concept of weilness can have a beneficial impact on the way in which people face the challenges of daily life.

What is the author's purpose in writing this article?
A: To criticize the traditional view of the medical care.
B:To compare the differences between the modern medical care and the traditional medical care.
C:To tell us the change of the focus of medical care.
D:To tell us the importance of the medical care.

答案：C

解析：

细节题。根据第一段第一句“…the focus of medical care in our society has been-shifting from curing disease to preventing disease一especially in terms of changing our many unhealthy behaviors...”可知，今天医疗保健的焦点已经从疾病治疗转移到疾病预防上来，尤其体现在改变我们不健康的行为上。因此，选项C“改变人们不良的生活习惯”与文章相符。
主旨题。由第一段倒数三句“This person is not ill.He may not even be at risk for any particular disease.But we can imagine that this person could be a lot healthier.”可知，这个人虽然有一些不良习惯和不适的症状，但是没有患病，甚至也没有患病的风险，然而，我们可以想象这个人本来可以更健康。由此可知，选项A“健康不仅仅是没有病”符合文意。
推断题。根据第二段第一、二句“The field of medicine has not traditionally distinguished between someone who is merely'not ill'and someone who is in excellent health and pays attention to the body's special needs.Both types have simply been called 'well'.”可知，传统上，医学界把没病的人和十分健康的人都称作“身体良好的人”。因此，选项D“没病就是身体良好”符合文意。
细节题。根据第二段的倒数第三句“'Weilness' may perhaps best be viewed not as a state that people can achieve,but as an ideal than people can strive for.”可知，“健康”并不是我们可能获得的一种健康的状态，而是一种我们要努力争取的理念。因此选项B 符合题意。
主旨题。文章第一段提出医疗保健的焦点由疾病治疗转到疾病预防；第二段首先阐述了传统医疗保健观点和现在医疗保健观点对健康的定义，之后依据现在医疗保健观点给健康作出了更积极的定义，可见选项C符合题意。选项A"旨在批判医疗保健的传统观点”是对原文的曲解，原文只是提出新的观点，并没有批驳传统的医疗保健；选项B"旨在对比传统和现在医疗保健观、点的不同”不是本文的写作目的，比较的目的在于强调现在的医疗观；选项D"旨在告诉我们医疗保健的重要性”文中并未提及。

第8题：

According to the NAS's report, one of the problems in end-of-life care is ______.

A) prolonged medical procedures

B) inadequate treatment of pain

C) systematic drug abuse

D) insufficient hospital care

正确答案：B
答案：B
[试题分析] 文章细节事实题。
[详细解答] 题干要求考生回答根据NAS的报告，临终关怀的问题之一是什么。根据第六段的全国科学院发布的报告中明确提到了临终关怀的两个问题：(1)对病痛不进行足够的扯理；(2)大胆使用“无效和强制的医疗程序来延长死亡期甚至让病人死得很没有尊严”。因此D选项“对病痛的处理不力”是提到的问题之一。A选项“延长的医疗程序”、C选项“蓄意的药物滥用”和D选项“医院护理不足”都不对。C项中的"systematic"意为“有预谋的、蓄意的”。

第9题：

共用题干
Double Effect
The Supreme Court's decisions on physician-assisted suicide carry important implications for how medicine seeks to relieve dying patients of pain and suffering.
Although it ruled that there is no constitutional right to physician-assisted suicide,the Court in effect supported the medical principle of"double effect",a centuries-old moral principle holding that an action having two effects-a good one that is intended and a harmful one that is foreseen-is permissible if the actor intends only the good effect.
Doctors have used that principle in recent years to justify using high doses of morphine to control terminally ill patients'pain,even though increasing dosages will eventually kill the patient.
Nancy Dubler,director of Montefiore Medical Center,contends that the principle will shield doctors who"until now have very,very strongly insisted that they could not give patients sufficient mediation to control their pain if that might hasten death."
George Annas,chair of the health law department at Boston Univeisity,maintains that,as long as a doctor prescribes a drug for a legitimale medical purpose,the doctor has done nothing illegal even if the patient uses the drug to hasten death."It's like surgery,"he says."We don't call those deaths homicides because the doctors didn't intend to kill their patients,although they risked their death.if you're a physician,you can risk your patient's suicide as long as you don't intend their suicide."
On another level,many in the medical community acknowledge that the assisted-suicide debate has been fueled in part by the despair of patients for whom modern medicine has prolonged the physical agony of dying.
Just three weeks before the Court's ruling on physician一assisted suicide,the National Academy of Science(NAS)released a two-volume report,Approaching Death:Improving Care at the End of Life.It identifies the under-treatment of pain and the aggressive use of"ineffectual and forced medical procedures that may prolong and even dishonor the period of dying" as the twin problems of end-of-life care.The profession is taking steps to require young doctors to train in hospices,to test knowledge of aggressive pain management therapies,to develop a Medicare billing code for hospital-based care,and to develop new standards for assessing and treating pain at the end of life.
Annas says lawyers can play a key role in insisting that these well-meaning medical initiatives translate into better care."Large numbers of physicians seem unconcerned with the pain their patients are needlessly and predictably suffering,"to the extent that it constitutes"systematic patient abuse." He says medical licensing boards"must make it clear that painful deaths are presumptively ones that are incompetently managed and should result in license suspension."

According to the NAS's report,one of the problems in end-of-life care is______.
A:prolonged medical procedures
B:inadequate treatment of pain
C:systematic drug abuse
D:insufficient hospital care

答案：B

解析：

文章第一段说：最高法院对于医生协助病人自杀的裁决对如何使用药物来减轻晚期病人的痛苦有着重大的意义。第二段说：尽管宪法没有赋予医生帮助病人自杀的权力，法院实际上支持率医疗界的“双效”原则。第三段说：医生们正是借用这个原则，为大剂量地给晚期( terminally ill）病人注射吗啡提供正当的理由，尽管增加剂量将最终致使病人死亡。由此从第二段可推断出，B项“医生们帮助病人自杀仍是非法的”为正确答案。其他三项均与文意不符。
文章第二段说：法院实际上支持医疗界的“双效”原则。第三段又说：医疗界正是借用这个原则，为大剂量地给晚期病人注射吗啡提供正当的理由，尽管增加剂量将最终导致病人死亡。由此可知，法庭实际上同意给病人开大剂量的止痛药。这与C项意思相符。其他三项均与文意不符。
第七段中提到“NAS的报告指出了对临终病人的护理存在着两个问题：一是治疗病痛不力（under-treatment of pain)，二是对无效且有强制性的医疗程序的大胆使用（the aggressive use of ineffectual and forced medical procedures)"。据此可知，B项内容正确。
aggressive的意思有“咄咄逼人的，好斗的；攻击性的，侵略的；有闯劲的，大胆的”，根据上下文，aggressive在这里应为“大胆的”，所以选A0
在文章最后一段中，Annas指出：许多医生对病人所受的不必要的痛苦漠不关心，甚至到了“系统地虐待病人”的程度，并指出病人痛苦地死亡如果被认为是医生护理不力的后果，那就应该吊销他们的行医执照。D项“延长病人不必要的痛苦”为正确答案，因为Annas认为吊销医生执照的前提是导致病人痛苦地死亡。

第10题：

“The key to __________ the medical problems is health care reform,” said the minister.

A.solve
B.solving
C.being solved
D.be solved

答案：B

解析：

考查固定用法及动词语态。the key to doing sth．“表示做某事的关键”，句中to是介词，后面加动词的ing形式。句意为“部长说：‘解决医疗问题的关键是医疗改革”。句子表达的“解决医疗问题”，是主动意义，故选B。

单选题We learn from the text that ______.A Canadians have easy access to any type of medical care they want.B the Canadian government compensates every citizen for medical expenses.C a medical care is issued once a citizen seeks medical care.D the principle

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