单选题We may conclude from the passage that ______.A universities’ grants has risen less than 13%B universities are facing serious pension deficitsC universities in the UK are predicting an average surplus of 1. 6% for the end of the financial year, so no ne

题目

单选题

We may conclude from the passage that ______.

universities’ grants has risen less than 13%

universities are facing serious pension deficits

universities in the UK are predicting an average surplus of 1. 6% for the end of the financial year, so no need to worry for the moment

many universities have cut the number of research projects

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第1题：

Text 2For more than two decades, U.S. courts have been limiting affirmative-action programs in universities and other areas. The legal rationale is that racial preferences are unconstitutional, even those intended to compensate for racism or intolerance. For many colleges, this means students can be admitted only on merit, not on their race or ethnicity. It has been a divisive issue across the U.S., as educators blame the prolonged reaction to affirmative-action for declines in minority admissions. Meanwhile, activists continue to battle race preferences in courts from Michigan to North Carolina.

Now, chief executives of about two dozen companies have decided to plunge headfirst into this politically unsettled debate. They, together with 36 universities and 7 nonprofitable organizations, formed a forum that set forth an action plan essentially designed to help colleges circumvent court-imposed restrictions on affirmative action. The CEOs’ motive: “Our audience is growing more diverse, so the communities we serve benefit if our employees are racially and ethnically diverse as well”, says one CEO of a compang that owns nine television stations.

Among the steps the forum is pushing: finding creative yet legal ways to boost minority enrollment through new admissions policies; promoting admissions decisions that look at more than test scores; and encouraging universities to step up their minority outreach and financial aid. And to counter accusations by critics to challenge these tactics in court, the group says it will give legal assistance to colleges sued for trying them. “Diversity diminished by the court must be made up for in other legitimate, legal ways,” says, a forum member.

One of the more controversial methods advocated is the so-called 10% rule. The idea is for public universities—which educate three-quarters of all U.S. undergraduates—to admit students who are in the top 10% of their high school graduating class. Doing so allows colleges to take minorities who excel in average urban schools, even if they wouldn’t have made the cut under the current statewide ranking many universities use.

第26题：U.S. court restrictions on affirmative action signifies that______.

［A］minorities no longer hold the once favored status

［B］the quality of American colleges has improved

［C］racial preferences has replaced racial prejudice

［D］the minority is on an equal footing with the majority

正确答案：A

本题考查推理引申。第一段首句提到美国法院对平等权利法案的限制。第二句指出其理论依据是种族照顾政策是违反宪法的。第三句指出这种做法意味着对学生的录取不再考虑其种族或民族背景。由此可推知，［A］是该做法的潜在含义。［B］文中未提，［C］明显错误，因为该举动恰恰是反对种族照顾政策。［D］表面上看似乎有点道理，但根据第一段的论述可知，“平等”并不是本文主要涉及的内容。

第2题：

共用题干
Unpopular Subjects?

Is there a place in today's society for the study of useless subjects in our universities?
Just over 100 years ago Fitzgerald argued in a well-written letter_______(1)Nature
that"Universities must be allowed to study useless subjects一_______(2)they don't,
who will?" He went on to use the_______(3) of Maxwell's electrodynamics（电动力
学）as one case where a"useless subject"has been transformed to a useful subject.
Nowadays this argument is again very much_______(4)in many universities.
Indeed one suspects that it is one of those arguments that must be_______(5)anew
（重新）by each generation. But now there is an added twist（歪曲）一subjects must not
only be useful,they must also be_______(6)enough that students will flock（蜂拥）
to do them,and even flock to pay to do them.
As universities become commercial operations,the pressure to_______(7)
subjects or departments that are less popular will become stronger and stronger. Perhaps
this is most strongly_______(8)at the moment by physics.There has been much
_______(9)in the press of universities that are closing down physics departments
and incorporate them with mathematics or engineering departments.
Many scientists think otherwise.They see physics as a_______(10)science,
which must be kept alive if only to_______(11)a base for other sciences and
engineering.It is of their great personal concern that physics teaching and research is under
_________(12)in many universities.How can it be preserved in the rush towards
commercial competition? A major turnaround（转变）in student popularity may have to
________(13)until the industrial world discovers that it needs physicists and starts
paying them well.
Physics is now not only unpopular;it is also"hard".We can do more about the latter
by_______（14) teaching in our schools and universities. We can also_______
(15)cooperative arrangements to ensure that physicists keep their research and teaching
up to date.

_________(15)
A:fix
B:modify
C:review
D:develop

答案：D

解析：

第3题：

Any discussion of the American educational system would be less than complete if it did not mention the emphasis that many colleges and universities place upon the nonacademic, social,“extracurricular”aspect of education, often defined as personal growth.

正确答案：

译文：如果对美国教育体系的讨论未能涉及许多学院及大学教育中非学术性的、社会的及“课程外”的方面，即其对个性成长的重视，那么这种讨论就不全面。

本题考核的知识点是：条件状语从句、后置定语。

该句子是含条件状语从句的主从复合句。句子的主干是：Any discussion … would be less than complete。If条件从句翻译时应前置，其中代词it指代主句主语Any discussion …。条件句中又含有that引导的定语从句修饰the emphasis。定语从句的主干是：… universities place （emphasis）upon the … education，句子最后的分词结构（which is）defined as personal growth是前面名词短语the nonacademic, social,“extracurricular”aspect of education的后置定语。由于名词短语中已含有多个形容词做定语，因此，句末的后置定语应采用拆译法，译成同位语。

词汇方面：place emphasis upon (sth.)强调，重视；extracurricular课外的，业余的，extra-前缀意为“在外，外面”；personal growth个人成长。

第4题：

Universities are threatening to punish staff who fail to make up for lectures and seminars cancelled during strikes,a move that union leaders say could prolong the industrial action In one case the University of Kent has told staff that any failure to reschedule lectures or classes lost because of the strike would see them lose 50%to 100%of their pay"for every day where an individual continues to refuse to perform their full contract of employment".Kent's headline stance extends to deducting a high proportion of pay from low-paid graduate teaching assistants,with some liable to lose more than a month's pay for taking part in the strikes that have so far lasted five days.The strike by academics,librarians and administrators over proposals to radically restructure their pensions,which the University and College Union claims it will cost staff f 10,000 a year after retirement are scheduled to restart next week at about 60 universities.Liverpool University,headed by Janet Beer,the president of the Universities UK group backing the pension changes,told staff they would be"expected to provide learning materials"for events missed through strikes or they could have their pay docked.Sheffield University had initially threatened to further dock pay but the university backed down after staff protests.Keith Burnett,Sheffields vice-chan cellor,issued a statement saying the university would not take a punitive approach".Sally Hunt,the UCU general secretary,said universities such as Kent risked prolonging the strikesy adopting a confrontational approach."Universities are trying a wide range of tactics to break striking staff in this dispute.The one thing they have in common is that none of them are working,Hunt said Leon Schoonderwoerd,a Ph.D student in theoretical physics who is a graduate teaching assistant at Kent,said the university was taking about$200-$250 from his$300 monthly pay for taking part in the strike."The university has taken the harshest route in the way it has decided to deduct pay,"Schoon-derwoerd said.Staff at Oxford and Cambridge universities are using institutional protests to change their universities positions on the pension changes.In Oxford,academics have petitioned for an emergency debate at the,university's congregation next week but Oxfords leadership wowed to block any debate using procedural rules.Cambridges vice-chancellor,Stephen Toope,announced that the university was prepared to pay higher contributions in order to retain the current pension scheme and end the dispute It should be noted,however,that this approach would likely require trade-offs and cuts in other parts of the university,Toope said.
According to the passage,"docked"（Line 3,Para.4）means

A.canceled
B.restructured
C.deducted
D.distributed

答案：C

解析：

词汇题。根据题干提示信息定位到第四段第三行。

第5题：

_________(11)
A:instal!
B:provide
C:reach
D:cover

答案：B

解析：

第6题：

In the college-admissions wars, we parents are the true fighters． We're pushing our kids to get good grades, take SAT preparatory courses and build resumes so they can get into the college of our first choice． I've twice been to the wars, and as I survey the battlefield, something different is happening． We see our kids' college background as a prize demonstrating how well we've raised them． But we can't acknowledge that our obsession is more about us than them． So we've contrivedvarious justifications that turn out to be half-truths, prejudices or myths． It actually doesn't matter much whether Aaron and Nicole go to Stanford．
We have a full-blown prestige panic; we worry that there won't be enough prizes to go around． Fearful parents urge their children to apply to more schools than ever． Underlying the hysteria is the belief that scarce elite degrees must be highly valuable． Their graduates must enjoy more success because they get a better education and develop better contacts． All that is plausible--and mostly wrong． We haven't found any convincing evidence that selectivity or prestige matters． Selective schools don't systematically employ better instructional approaches than less selective schools． On two measures--professor's feedback and the number of essay exams--selective schools do slightly worse．
By some studies, selective schools do enhance their graduates' lifetime earnings． The gain is reckoned at 2-4% for every 100-point increase in a school's average SAT scores． But even this advantage is probably a statistical fluke． A well-known study examined students who got into highly selective schools and then went elsewhere． They earned just as such as graduates from higher-status schools．
Kids count more than their colleges． Getting into Yale may signify intelligence, talent and ambition． But it's not the only indicator and, paradoxically, its significance is declining． The reason:
so many similar people go elsewhere． Getting into college isn't life's only competition． In the next competition--the job market and graduate school--the results may change． Old-boy networks are breaking down． Princeton economist Alan Krueger studied admissions to one top Ph．D． program． High scores on the GRE helped explain who got in; degrees of prestigious universities didn' t．
So, parents, lighten up． The stakes have been vastly exaggerated． Up to a point, we can rationalize our pushiness． America is a competitive society; our kids need to adjust to that． But too much pushiness can be destructive． The very ambition we impose on our children may get some into Harvard but may also set them up for disappointment． One study found that, other things being equal, graduates of highly selective schools experienced more job dissatisfaction． They may have been so conditioned to being on top that anything less disappoints．
What does Krueger's study tell us?

A. Getting into Ph．D． programs may be more competitive than getting into college．
B.Degrees of prestigious universities do not guarantee entry to graduate programs,
C.Graduates from prestigious universities do not care much ahout their GRE scores．
D.Connections built in prestigious universities may he sustained long after graduation,

答案：B

解析：

根据题干关键词定位到第四段最后两句。最后两句讲到Krueger的研究，其结果是GRE的高分有助于决定谁能继续博士学习，而名牌大学的学历不能做到这一点，换言之，名牌大学的学历并不能保证能继续研究生的学习。故选B。

第7题：

_________(13)
A:wait
B:move
C:progress
D:increase

答案：A

解析：

第8题：

From this selection we may conclude that the king's crown______.

A. moved less water than pure gold of the same size

B. moved more water than pure gold of the same weight

C. moved more water than pure gold of the same size

D. moved less water than pure gold of the same weight

正确答案：B
51．答案为B 此题为推断题。根据阿基米德定理，我们可以得出关于国王的王冠的结论，答案选B。

第9题：

_________(6)
A:clear
B:popular
C:indefinite
D:available

答案：B

解析：

第10题：

Universities are threatening to punish staff who fail to make up for lectures and seminars cancelled during strikes,a move that union leaders say could prolong the industrial action In one case the University of Kent has told staff that any failure to reschedule lectures or classes lost because of the strike would see them lose 50%to 100%of their pay"for every day where an individual continues to refuse to perform their full contract of employment".Kent's headline stance extends to deducting a high proportion of pay from low-paid graduate teaching assistants,with some liable to lose more than a month's pay for taking part in the strikes that have so far lasted five days.The strike by academics,librarians and administrators over proposals to radically restructure their pensions,which the University and College Union claims it will cost staff f 10,000 a year after retirement are scheduled to restart next week at about 60 universities.Liverpool University,headed by Janet Beer,the president of the Universities UK group backing the pension changes,told staff they would be"expected to provide learning materials"for events missed through strikes or they could have their pay docked.Sheffield University had initially threatened to further dock pay but the university backed down after staff protests.Keith Burnett,Sheffields vice-chan cellor,issued a statement saying the university would not take a punitive approach".Sally Hunt,the UCU general secretary,said universities such as Kent risked prolonging the strikesy adopting a confrontational approach."Universities are trying a wide range of tactics to break striking staff in this dispute.The one thing they have in common is that none of them are working,Hunt said Leon Schoonderwoerd,a Ph.D student in theoretical physics who is a graduate teaching assistant at Kent,said the university was taking about$200-$250 from his$300 monthly pay for taking part in the strike."The university has taken the harshest route in the way it has decided to deduct pay,"Schoon-derwoerd said.Staff at Oxford and Cambridge universities are using institutional protests to change their universities positions on the pension changes.In Oxford,academics have petitioned for an emergency debate at the,university's congregation next week but Oxfords leadership wowed to block any debate using procedural rules.Cambridges vice-chancellor,Stephen Toope,announced that the university was prepared to pay higher contributions in order to retain the current pension scheme and end the dispute It should be noted,however,that this approach would likely require trade-offs and cuts in other parts of the university,Toope said.
What was the leaders'reaction to the staffs protest in Oxford University?

A.They arranged a debate to discuss this matter.
B.They held an indifferent attitude towards
C.They would pay higher pension to solve the dispute
D.They would try to halt the debate

答案：D

解析：

细节题。根据题干的核心词Oxford University可定位到最后一段。

单选题We may conclude from the passage that ______.A universities’ grants has risen less than 13%B universities are facing serious pension deficitsC universities in the UK are predicting an average surplus of 1. 6% for the end of the financial year, so no ne

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