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Who has a lower risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease?

题目
单选题
Who has a lower risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease?
A

People who have received little education.

B

People who have mentally active jobs.

C

People who first have good memories.

参考答案和解析
正确答案： C
解析：
对话中明确提到…people who have…more mentally active jobs have a lower risk of developing the disease，因此B项为正确答案。
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相似问题和答案

第1题：

共用题干
第二篇

As we have seen,the focus of medical care in our society has been shifting from curing disease to preventing disease一especially in terms of changing our many unhealthy behaviors,such as poor eating habits,smoking,and failure to exercise.The line of thought involved in this shift can be pursued further. Imagine a person who is about the right weight , but does not eat very nutritious（有营养的）foods , who feels OK but exercises only occasionally , who goes to work every day , but is not an outstanding worker,who drinks a few beers at home most nights but does not drive while drunk, and who has no chest pains or abnormal blood counts,but sleeps a lot and often feels tired.This person is not ill.He may not even be at risk for any particular disease.But we can imagine that this person could be a lot healthier.
The field of medicine has not traditionally distinguished between someone who is merely "not ill" and someone who is in excellent health and pays attention to the body's special needs.Both types have simply been called "well".In recent years,however,some health specialists have begun to apply the terms "well" and "weilness" only to those who are actively striving to maintain and improve their body's condition.Most importantly,perhaps,people who are well take active responsibility for all matters related to their health.Even people who have a physical disease or handicap（缺陷）may be "well" ,in this new sense,if they make an effort to maintain the best possible health they can in the face of their physical limitations."Wellness" may perhaps best be viewed not as a state that people can achieve,but as an ideal that people can strive for. People who are well are likely to be better able to resist disease and to fight disease when it strikes.And by focusing attention on healthy ways of living,the concept of weilness can have a beneficial impact on the way in which people face the challenges of daily life.

The first paragraph implies that_________.
A:good health is more than not being ill
B:sleeping a lot could be harmful
C:regular health checks are essential to keeping fit
D:prevention is more difficult than care

答案：A
解析：
细节题。根据第一段第一句“…the focus of medical care in our society has been-shifting from curing disease to preventing disease一especially in terms of changing our many unhealthy behaviors...”可知，今天医疗保健的焦点已经从疾病治疗转移到疾病预防上来，尤其体现在改变我们不健康的行为上。因此，选项C“改变人们不良的生活习惯”与文章相符。
主旨题。由第一段倒数三句“This person is not ill.He may not even be at risk for any particular disease.But we can imagine that this person could be a lot healthier.”可知，这个人虽然有一些不良习惯和不适的症状，但是没有患病，甚至也没有患病的风险，然而，我们可以想象这个人本来可以更健康。由此可知，选项A“健康不仅仅是没有病”符合文意。
推断题。根据第二段第一、二句“The field of medicine has not traditionally distinguished between someone who is merely'not ill'and someone who is in excellent health and pays attention to the body's special needs.Both types have simply been called 'well'.”可知，传统上，医学界把没病的人和十分健康的人都称作“身体良好的人”。因此，选项D“没病就是身体良好”符合文意。
细节题。根据第二段的倒数第三句“'Weilness' may perhaps best be viewed not as a state that people can achieve,but as an ideal than people can strive for.”可知，“健康”并不是我们可能获得的一种健康的状态，而是一种我们要努力争取的理念。因此选项B 符合题意。
主旨题。文章第一段提出医疗保健的焦点由疾病治疗转到疾病预防；第二段首先阐述了传统医疗保健观点和现在医疗保健观点对健康的定义，之后依据现在医疗保健观点给健康作出了更积极的定义，可见选项C符合题意。选项A"旨在批判医疗保健的传统观点”是对原文的曲解，原文只是提出新的观点，并没有批驳传统的医疗保健；选项B"旨在对比传统和现在医疗保健观、点的不同”不是本文的写作目的，比较的目的在于强调现在的医疗观；选项D"旨在告诉我们医疗保健的重要性”文中并未提及。

第2题：

共用题干
More about Alzheimer's Disease
Scientists have developed skin tests that may be used in the future to identify people with Alzheimer's disease and may ultimately allow physicians to predict who is at risk of get-ting this neurological disorder.
The only current means of diagnosing the disease in a living patient is a long and expen-sive series of tests that eliminate every other cause of dementia.
“Since Aloes Alzheimer described the disease nearly a century ago,people have been trying to find a way to accurately diagnose it in its early stages,“said Patricia Grady,acting director of the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke in Bethesda,Mary-land."This discovery,if confirmed,could prove a big step forward in our efforts to deal with and understand the disease.”
Alzheimer's is the single greatest cause of mental deterioration in older people,affecting between 2.5 million and 4 million people in the United States alone. The devastating disorder gradually destroys memory and the ability to function,and eventually causes death. There is currently no known treatment for the disease.
Researches discovered that the skin cells of Alzheimer's patients have defects that inter-fere with their ability to regulate the flow of potassium in and out of the cells.The fact that the cell defects are present in the skin suggests that Alzheimer's results from physiological changes throughout the body,and that dementia may be the first noticeable effect of these changes as the defects affect the cells in the brain,scientists said.
The flow of potassium is especially critical in cells responsible for memory formation. The scientists also found two other defects that affect the cells'supply of calcium,another critical element.
One test developed by researches calls for growing skin cells in a laboratory culture and then testing them with an electrical detector to determine if the microscopic tunnels that govemn the flow of potassium are open. Open potassium channels create a unique electrical signature.
A spokesman for the Alzheimer's Association said that if the validity of the diagnostic
test can be proven it would be an important development,but cautioned that other promising
tests for Alzheimer's have been disappointing.

The last paragraph implies that the diagnostic test______.
A: will not be as promising as others
B: is a very important development
C: may not be proven valid smoothly
D: will surely be disappointing in the end

答案：C
解析：
题干意为“通过采用采用皮肤化验的新方法，医生们将来可能会……”。利用题干中的细节信息词/短语newly developed skin tests , in the future , doctors作为定位线索，在第 一段中找到相关句：Scientists have developed skin tests that may be used in the future to identify people with Alzheimer's disease and may ultimately allow physicians (doctors的近义词）to predict who is at risk of getting this neurological disorder．相关句提到“科学家们发现，采用皮肤化验的方法可以判断病人是否患有老年痴呆症，而且最终有助于医生预测哪些人有患上这种神经功能紊乱性疾病的危险”，由此可知答案为C项“预测谁会患老年痴呆症”。
题干意为“短文表明老年痴呆病是一种……疾病”。题干中没有细节信息词可以作用定位线索，备选项中的细节信息词也很少，利用备选项中的细节信息短语people, old and young作为定位线索，备选项中出现了大量的修饰词common“共有的”, costly“昂贵的”, easy“容易的”，也关注这些修饰词在短文中的出现情况，这样在第二段中找到相关句： The only current means of diagnosing the disease in a living patient is a long and expensive ( costly的近义词）series of tests that eliminate every other cause of dementia．相关句提到 “要诊断一个病人是否患有这类疾病，目前唯一的方法是进行一系列长期而昂贵的化验，以排除导致痴呆的其他病因”，这表明要诊断一个病人是否患有老年痴呆病病不是容易的事情，因此D项“不容易被确诊”是答案。
题干意为“关于老年痴来症的陈述哪个不正确？”题干中没有任何细节信息词可以利用，因此只能对备选项进行判断。（第四段）Alzheimer's is the single greatest cause of mental deterioration in older people,affecting between 2.5 million and 4 million people in the United States alone. The devastating disorder gradually destroys memory and the ability to function,and eventually causes death. There is currently no known treatment for the dis-ease．划线句提到“对于这种疾病（回指上文中提到的老年痴呆病）还没有已知的治疗方法”，这与D项“现在已经有很多方法可以用来治疗这种疾病”意义不一致。
题干意为“关于老年痴呆病和痴呆之间的关系，下面哪个选项陈述的意义正确？”利用题干中的细节信息词dementia作为定位线索，在第五段中找到相关句，相关句提到“科学家认为皮肤细胞有缺陷这个事实表明，老年痴呆是由人体全身的生理变化引起的，而且大脑细胞受损带来的变化所产生的最为明显的后果就是痴呆”。由此可知痴呆是老年痴呆症的一种症状表现，因此答案为A。
题干意为“最后一段暗示诊断性化验……”。最后一段发言人谈到这一实验的前途较为含蓄，只是说如果能证明有效自然是一大发展。但是提醒人们以前的实验看似很有前途，结果却令人失望。只有C项“可能被证实无效”符合这一段的蕴涵意义。

第3题：

Among the high－risk group of heart disease ______ people with a preference for fat－rich foods

A. there are

B. are

C. they are

D. who are


参考答案：B

第4题：

共用题干
More about Alzheimer's Disease
Scientists have developed skin tests that may be used in the future to identify people with Alzheimer's disease and may ultimately allow physicians to predict who is at risk of get-ting this neurological disorder.
The only current means of diagnosing the disease in a living patient is a long and expen-sive series of tests that eliminate every other cause of dementia.
“Since Aloes Alzheimer described the disease nearly a century ago,people have been trying to find a way to accurately diagnose it in its early stages,“said Patricia Grady,acting director of the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke in Bethesda,Mary-land."This discovery,if confirmed,could prove a big step forward in our efforts to deal with and understand the disease.”
Alzheimer's is the single greatest cause of mental deterioration in older people,affecting between 2.5 million and 4 million people in the United States alone. The devastating disorder gradually destroys memory and the ability to function,and eventually causes death. There is currently no known treatment for the disease.
Researches discovered that the skin cells of Alzheimer's patients have defects that inter-fere with their ability to regulate the flow of potassium in and out of the cells.The fact that the cell defects are present in the skin suggests that Alzheimer's results from physiological changes throughout the body,and that dementia may be the first noticeable effect of these changes as the defects affect the cells in the brain,scientists said.
The flow of potassium is especially critical in cells responsible for memory formation. The scientists also found two other defects that affect the cells'supply of calcium,another critical element.
One test developed by researches calls for growing skin cells in a laboratory culture and then testing them with an electrical detector to determine if the microscopic tunnels that govemn the flow of potassium are open. Open potassium channels create a unique electrical signature.
A spokesman for the Alzheimer's Association said that if the validity of the diagnostic
test can be proven it would be an important development,but cautioned that other promising
tests for Alzheimer's have been disappointing.

Which of the following about the relationship between Alzheimer's and dementia is true?
A: Dementia is one of the signs of Alzheimer's.
B: Alzheimer's is one of the causes of dementia.
C: They are two completely different diseases.
D: They are similar defects of the human brain.

答案：A
解析：
题干意为“通过采用采用皮肤化验的新方法，医生们将来可能会……”。利用题干中的细节信息词/短语newly developed skin tests , in the future , doctors作为定位线索，在第 一段中找到相关句：Scientists have developed skin tests that may be used in the future to identify people with Alzheimer's disease and may ultimately allow physicians (doctors的近义词）to predict who is at risk of getting this neurological disorder．相关句提到“科学家们发现，采用皮肤化验的方法可以判断病人是否患有老年痴呆症，而且最终有助于医生预测哪些人有患上这种神经功能紊乱性疾病的危险”，由此可知答案为C项“预测谁会患老年痴呆症”。
题干意为“短文表明老年痴呆病是一种……疾病”。题干中没有细节信息词可以作用定位线索，备选项中的细节信息词也很少，利用备选项中的细节信息短语people, old and young作为定位线索，备选项中出现了大量的修饰词common“共有的”, costly“昂贵的”, easy“容易的”，也关注这些修饰词在短文中的出现情况，这样在第二段中找到相关句： The only current means of diagnosing the disease in a living patient is a long and expensive ( costly的近义词）series of tests that eliminate every other cause of dementia．相关句提到 “要诊断一个病人是否患有这类疾病，目前唯一的方法是进行一系列长期而昂贵的化验，以排除导致痴呆的其他病因”，这表明要诊断一个病人是否患有老年痴呆病病不是容易的事情，因此D项“不容易被确诊”是答案。
题干意为“关于老年痴来症的陈述哪个不正确？”题干中没有任何细节信息词可以利用，因此只能对备选项进行判断。（第四段）Alzheimer's is the single greatest cause of mental deterioration in older people,affecting between 2.5 million and 4 million people in the United States alone. The devastating disorder gradually destroys memory and the ability to function,and eventually causes death. There is currently no known treatment for the dis-ease．划线句提到“对于这种疾病（回指上文中提到的老年痴呆病）还没有已知的治疗方法”，这与D项“现在已经有很多方法可以用来治疗这种疾病”意义不一致。
题干意为“关于老年痴呆病和痴呆之间的关系，下面哪个选项陈述的意义正确？”利用题干中的细节信息词dementia作为定位线索，在第五段中找到相关句，相关句提到“科学家认为皮肤细胞有缺陷这个事实表明，老年痴呆是由人体全身的生理变化引起的，而且大脑细胞受损带来的变化所产生的最为明显的后果就是痴呆”。由此可知痴呆是老年痴呆症的一种症状表现，因此答案为A。
题干意为“最后一段暗示诊断性化验……”。最后一段发言人谈到这一实验的前途较为含蓄，只是说如果能证明有效自然是一大发展。但是提醒人们以前的实验看似很有前途，结果却令人失望。只有C项“可能被证实无效”符合这一段的蕴涵意义。

第5题：

共用题干
Most Adults in U.S.Have Low Risk of Heart Disease
More than 80 percent of U .S.adults have a less than 10-percent risk of developing heart dis- ease in the next 10 years,according to a report in the Journal of the American College of Cardiolo-gy（心脏病学）.Just 3 percent have a risk that exceeds 20 percent.
“I hope that these numbers will give physicians,researchers,health policy analysts,and others a better idea of how coronary（心脏冠状动脉的）heart disease is distributed in the U. S. population ,” lead（带头的）author Dr. Earl S. Ford , from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta,said in a statement.
The findings are based on analysis of data from 13,769 subjects,between 20 and 79 years of age , who participated in the Third National Health and Nutrition（营养的供给）Examination Sur- vey from 1988 to 1994.
Overall,82 percent of adults had a risk of less than 10 percent,15 percent had a risk that fell between 10 to 20 percent and 3 percent had a risk above 20 percent,
The proportion of subjects in the highest risk group increased with advancing age,and men were more likely than women to be in this group. By contrast, race or ethnicity（种族划分）had little effect on risk distributions.
Although the report suggests that most adults have a low 10-year risk of heart disease,a large proportion have a high or immediate risk,Dr. Daniel S .Berman,from Cedars-Sinai Medi- cal Center in Los Angeles,and Dr. Nathan D.Wong,from the University of California at Irvine, note in a related editorial.
Aggressive treatment measures and public health strategies are needed to shift the overall population risk downward,they add.

According to the Journal of the American College of Cardiology,_______of the U.S. adults had a risk of developing heart disease above 20 percent in the next 10 years.
A: three percent
B:ten percent
C:twenty percent
D: eighty-two percent

答案：A
解析：
文章首段提到就提到美国80％以上的成年人未来十年内患心脏病的风险低于 10%，故A项正确；由第五段最后一句话“By contrast , race or ethnicity（种族划分）had little effect on risk distributions.”可知种族对患病风险的分布影响很小，故D项正确；由第五段“The proportion of subjects in the highest risk group increased with advancing age,and men were more likely than women to be in this group.”可知实验对象年龄越大，在高风险组中所占的比例也越大，男人进入该组的可能性也大于女性，故B项正确，C项错误。
由第四段“Overall , 82 percent of adults had a risk of less than 10 percent , 15 percent had a risk that fell between 10 to 20 percent and 3 percent had a risk above 20 percent.”可知，美国80％以上的成年人未来十年内患心脏病的风险低于10% ,15％的成年人未来患心脏病的风险介于10％～20% ,3％的成年人患心脏病的风险在20％以上。故选A。
题干问的是下列哪个选项对患病风险的分布影响最小。由文中第五段可知，心脏病的患病风险的分布与年龄和性别有很大的关系，种族对患病风险事物分布影响很小，D项“血型”在文中没有提及，故排除。故选C。
由文中原句“15 percent had a risk that fell between 10 to 20 percent”可知，15％的成年人未来十年内患心脏病的风险介于10%～20%，故选C。注意文中的几个百分数不要弄混淆了
两位科学家讲到，尽管大多数成年人10年内患心脏病的风险较低，但在有风险者中，很大一部分所面临的风险却是很高或者刻不容缓的，故只有采取积极的治疗措施和公共卫生政策（Aggressive treatment measures and public health strategies are needed）才能降低所有人群患病的风险概率。

第6题：

共用题干
Most Adults in U.S.Have Low Risk of Heart Disease
More than 80 percent of U .S.adults have a less than 10-percent risk of developing heart dis- ease in the next 10 years,according to a report in the Journal of the American College of Cardiolo-gy（心脏病学）.Just 3 percent have a risk that exceeds 20 percent.
“I hope that these numbers will give physicians,researchers,health policy analysts,and others a better idea of how coronary（心脏冠状动脉的）heart disease is distributed in the U. S. population ,” lead（带头的）author Dr. Earl S. Ford , from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta,said in a statement.
The findings are based on analysis of data from 13,769 subjects,between 20 and 79 years of age , who participated in the Third National Health and Nutrition（营养的供给）Examination Sur- vey from 1988 to 1994.
Overall,82 percent of adults had a risk of less than 10 percent,15 percent had a risk that fell between 10 to 20 percent and 3 percent had a risk above 20 percent,
The proportion of subjects in the highest risk group increased with advancing age,and men were more likely than women to be in this group. By contrast, race or ethnicity（种族划分）had little effect on risk distributions.
Although the report suggests that most adults have a low 10-year risk of heart disease,a large proportion have a high or immediate risk,Dr. Daniel S .Berman,from Cedars-Sinai Medi- cal Center in Los Angeles,and Dr. Nathan D.Wong,from the University of California at Irvine, note in a related editorial.
Aggressive treatment measures and public health strategies are needed to shift the overall population risk downward,they add.

______does NOT have the least effect on risk distributions.
A: Age
B: Gender
C: Race
D: Blood group

答案：C
解析：
文章首段提到就提到美国80％以上的成年人未来十年内患心脏病的风险低于 10%，故A项正确；由第五段最后一句话“By contrast , race or ethnicity（种族划分）had little effect on risk distributions.”可知种族对患病风险的分布影响很小，故D项正确；由第五段“The proportion of subjects in the highest risk group increased with advancing age,and men were more likely than women to be in this group.”可知实验对象年龄越大，在高风险组中所占的比例也越大，男人进入该组的可能性也大于女性，故B项正确，C项错误。
由第四段“Overall , 82 percent of adults had a risk of less than 10 percent , 15 percent had a risk that fell between 10 to 20 percent and 3 percent had a risk above 20 percent.”可知，美国80％以上的成年人未来十年内患心脏病的风险低于10% ,15％的成年人未来患心脏病的风险介于10％～20% ,3％的成年人患心脏病的风险在20％以上。故选A。
题干问的是下列哪个选项对患病风险的分布影响最小。由文中第五段可知，心脏病的患病风险的分布与年龄和性别有很大的关系，种族对患病风险事物分布影响很小，D项“血型”在文中没有提及，故排除。故选C。
由文中原句“15 percent had a risk that fell between 10 to 20 percent”可知，15％的成年人未来十年内患心脏病的风险介于10%～20%，故选C。注意文中的几个百分数不要弄混淆了
两位科学家讲到，尽管大多数成年人10年内患心脏病的风险较低，但在有风险者中，很大一部分所面临的风险却是很高或者刻不容缓的，故只有采取积极的治疗措施和公共卫生政策（Aggressive treatment measures and public health strategies are needed）才能降低所有人群患病的风险概率。

第7题：

共用题干
More about Alzheimer's Disease
Scientists have developed skin tests that may be used in the future to identify people with Alzheimer's disease and may ultimately allow physicians to predict who is at risk of get-ting this neurological disorder.
The only current means of diagnosing the disease in a living patient is a long and expen-sive series of tests that eliminate every other cause of dementia.
“Since Aloes Alzheimer described the disease nearly a century ago,people have been trying to find a way to accurately diagnose it in its early stages,“said Patricia Grady,acting director of the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke in Bethesda,Mary-land."This discovery,if confirmed,could prove a big step forward in our efforts to deal with and understand the disease.”
Alzheimer's is the single greatest cause of mental deterioration in older people,affecting between 2.5 million and 4 million people in the United States alone. The devastating disorder gradually destroys memory and the ability to function,and eventually causes death. There is currently no known treatment for the disease.
Researches discovered that the skin cells of Alzheimer's patients have defects that inter-fere with their ability to regulate the flow of potassium in and out of the cells.The fact that the cell defects are present in the skin suggests that Alzheimer's results from physiological changes throughout the body,and that dementia may be the first noticeable effect of these changes as the defects affect the cells in the brain,scientists said.
The flow of potassium is especially critical in cells responsible for memory formation. The scientists also found two other defects that affect the cells'supply of calcium,another critical element.
One test developed by researches calls for growing skin cells in a laboratory culture and then testing them with an electrical detector to determine if the microscopic tunnels that govemn the flow of potassium are open. Open potassium channels create a unique electrical signature.
A spokesman for the Alzheimer's Association said that if the validity of the diagnostic
test can be proven it would be an important development,but cautioned that other promising
tests for Alzheimer's have been disappointing.

The passage indicates that Alzheimer's is a disease______.
A: common to people,old and young
B: not costly to be cured
C: easy to be handled
D: not easy to be diagnosed

答案：D
解析：
题干意为“通过采用采用皮肤化验的新方法，医生们将来可能会……”。利用题干中的细节信息词/短语newly developed skin tests , in the future , doctors作为定位线索，在第 一段中找到相关句：Scientists have developed skin tests that may be used in the future to identify people with Alzheimer's disease and may ultimately allow physicians (doctors的近义词）to predict who is at risk of getting this neurological disorder．相关句提到“科学家们发现，采用皮肤化验的方法可以判断病人是否患有老年痴呆症，而且最终有助于医生预测哪些人有患上这种神经功能紊乱性疾病的危险”，由此可知答案为C项“预测谁会患老年痴呆症”。
题干意为“短文表明老年痴呆病是一种……疾病”。题干中没有细节信息词可以作用定位线索，备选项中的细节信息词也很少，利用备选项中的细节信息短语people, old and young作为定位线索，备选项中出现了大量的修饰词common“共有的”, costly“昂贵的”, easy“容易的”，也关注这些修饰词在短文中的出现情况，这样在第二段中找到相关句： The only current means of diagnosing the disease in a living patient is a long and expensive ( costly的近义词）series of tests that eliminate every other cause of dementia．相关句提到 “要诊断一个病人是否患有这类疾病，目前唯一的方法是进行一系列长期而昂贵的化验，以排除导致痴呆的其他病因”，这表明要诊断一个病人是否患有老年痴呆病病不是容易的事情，因此D项“不容易被确诊”是答案。
题干意为“关于老年痴来症的陈述哪个不正确？”题干中没有任何细节信息词可以利用，因此只能对备选项进行判断。（第四段）Alzheimer's is the single greatest cause of mental deterioration in older people,affecting between 2.5 million and 4 million people in the United States alone. The devastating disorder gradually destroys memory and the ability to function,and eventually causes death. There is currently no known treatment for the dis-ease．划线句提到“对于这种疾病（回指上文中提到的老年痴呆病）还没有已知的治疗方法”，这与D项“现在已经有很多方法可以用来治疗这种疾病”意义不一致。
题干意为“关于老年痴呆病和痴呆之间的关系，下面哪个选项陈述的意义正确？”利用题干中的细节信息词dementia作为定位线索，在第五段中找到相关句，相关句提到“科学家认为皮肤细胞有缺陷这个事实表明，老年痴呆是由人体全身的生理变化引起的，而且大脑细胞受损带来的变化所产生的最为明显的后果就是痴呆”。由此可知痴呆是老年痴呆症的一种症状表现，因此答案为A。
题干意为“最后一段暗示诊断性化验……”。最后一段发言人谈到这一实验的前途较为含蓄，只是说如果能证明有效自然是一大发展。但是提醒人们以前的实验看似很有前途，结果却令人失望。只有C项“可能被证实无效”符合这一段的蕴涵意义。

第8题：

共用题干
Most Adults in US Have Low Risk of Heart Disease
More than 80 percent of US adults have a less than 10-percent risk of developing heart disease in the next 10 years,according to a report in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology.Just 3 percent have a risk that exceeds 20 percent.
"I hope that these numbers will give physicians,researchers,health policy analysts,and others a better idea of how coronary heart disease is distributed in the US population,"lead author Dr.Earl S.Ford,from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta,said in a statement.
The findings are based on analysis of data from 13,769 subjects,between 20 and 79 years of age,who narticipated in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 1988 to 1994.
Overall,82 percent of adults had a risk of less than 10 percent,15 percent had a risk that fell between 10 to 20 percent,and 3 percent had a risk above 20 percent.
The proportion of subjects in the highest risk group increased with advancing age,and men were more likely than women to be in this group.By contrast,race or ethnicity had little effect on risk distributions.
Although the report suggests that most adults have a low 10-year risk of heart disease,a large proportion have ahigh or immediate risk,Dr.Daniel S.Berman,from Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles,and Dr.Nathan D.Wong,from the University of California at Irvine,note in a related editorial.
Aggressive treatment measures and public health strategies are needed to shift the overall population risk downward,they add.

The main purpose of the passage is to______.
A:introduce that most adults in US adults have low risk of heart disease
B:give treatment measures to reduce the risk of developing heart disease for US adults
C:describe the research made by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
D:warn people that they should pay attention to the threat of heart disease immediately

答案：A
解析：
由文章第四段可知，15%的美国成年人有10%到20%的患心脏病风险几率。
由文章第五段可知，受试者中最具心脏病风险的群体比例会随着年龄的增加而增加，而人种和种族对此几乎无影响。国别在此并未提及。
由文章第三段可知，这些发现是基于从13 769位受试者中得到的数据进行分析的结果，故选B。
文章最后一段中提到，需要有积极的治疗方法和公共卫生策略来降低人口总体的患心脏病风险。
本文的开头便引出了文章论述的主题：More than 80 percent of US adults have a less than10-percent risk of developing heart disease in the next 10 years，之后的内容都围绕此论题展开，故选A。

第9题：

共用题干
第二篇

As we have seen,the focus of medical care in our society has been shifting from curing disease to preventing disease一especially in terms of changing our many unhealthy behaviors,such as poor eating habits,smoking,and failure to exercise.The line of thought involved in this shift can be pursued further. Imagine a person who is about the right weight , but does not eat very nutritious（有营养的）foods , who feels OK but exercises only occasionally , who goes to work every day , but is not an outstanding worker,who drinks a few beers at home most nights but does not drive while drunk, and who has no chest pains or abnormal blood counts,but sleeps a lot and often feels tired.This person is not ill.He may not even be at risk for any particular disease.But we can imagine that this person could be a lot healthier.
The field of medicine has not traditionally distinguished between someone who is merely "not ill" and someone who is in excellent health and pays attention to the body's special needs.Both types have simply been called "well".In recent years,however,some health specialists have begun to apply the terms "well" and "weilness" only to those who are actively striving to maintain and improve their body's condition.Most importantly,perhaps,people who are well take active responsibility for all matters related to their health.Even people who have a physical disease or handicap（缺陷）may be "well" ,in this new sense,if they make an effort to maintain the best possible health they can in the face of their physical limitations."Wellness" may perhaps best be viewed not as a state that people can achieve,but as an ideal that people can strive for. People who are well are likely to be better able to resist disease and to fight disease when it strikes.And by focusing attention on healthy ways of living,the concept of weilness can have a beneficial impact on the way in which people face the challenges of daily life.

We can learn from the passage that today medical care focuses on__________.
A:curing disease and keeping people in healthy physical conditions
B:monitoring patients' body functions
C:removing peoples' bad living habits
D:ensuring peoples' psychological well-being

答案：C
解析：
细节题。根据第一段第一句“…the focus of medical care in our society has been-shifting from curing disease to preventing disease一especially in terms of changing our many unhealthy behaviors...”可知，今天医疗保健的焦点已经从疾病治疗转移到疾病预防上来，尤其体现在改变我们不健康的行为上。因此，选项C“改变人们不良的生活习惯”与文章相符。
主旨题。由第一段倒数三句“This person is not ill.He may not even be at risk for any particular disease.But we can imagine that this person could be a lot healthier.”可知，这个人虽然有一些不良习惯和不适的症状，但是没有患病，甚至也没有患病的风险，然而，我们可以想象这个人本来可以更健康。由此可知，选项A“健康不仅仅是没有病”符合文意。
推断题。根据第二段第一、二句“The field of medicine has not traditionally distinguished between someone who is merely'not ill'and someone who is in excellent health and pays attention to the body's special needs.Both types have simply been called 'well'.”可知，传统上，医学界把没病的人和十分健康的人都称作“身体良好的人”。因此，选项D“没病就是身体良好”符合文意。
细节题。根据第二段的倒数第三句“'Weilness' may perhaps best be viewed not as a state that people can achieve,but as an ideal than people can strive for.”可知，“健康”并不是我们可能获得的一种健康的状态，而是一种我们要努力争取的理念。因此选项B 符合题意。
主旨题。文章第一段提出医疗保健的焦点由疾病治疗转到疾病预防；第二段首先阐述了传统医疗保健观点和现在医疗保健观点对健康的定义，之后依据现在医疗保健观点给健康作出了更积极的定义，可见选项C符合题意。选项A"旨在批判医疗保健的传统观点”是对原文的曲解，原文只是提出新的观点，并没有批驳传统的医疗保健；选项B"旨在对比传统和现在医疗保健观、点的不同”不是本文的写作目的，比较的目的在于强调现在的医疗观；选项D"旨在告诉我们医疗保健的重要性”文中并未提及。

第10题：

共用题干
Most Adults in U.S.Have Low Risk of Heart Disease
More than 80 percent of U .S.adults have a less than 10-percent risk of developing heart dis- ease in the next 10 years,according to a report in the Journal of the American College of Cardiolo-gy（心脏病学）.Just 3 percent have a risk that exceeds 20 percent.
“I hope that these numbers will give physicians,researchers,health policy analysts,and others a better idea of how coronary（心脏冠状动脉的）heart disease is distributed in the U. S. population ,” lead（带头的）author Dr. Earl S. Ford , from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta,said in a statement.
The findings are based on analysis of data from 13,769 subjects,between 20 and 79 years of age , who participated in the Third National Health and Nutrition（营养的供给）Examination Sur- vey from 1988 to 1994.
Overall,82 percent of adults had a risk of less than 10 percent,15 percent had a risk that fell between 10 to 20 percent and 3 percent had a risk above 20 percent,
The proportion of subjects in the highest risk group increased with advancing age,and men were more likely than women to be in this group. By contrast, race or ethnicity（种族划分）had little effect on risk distributions.
Although the report suggests that most adults have a low 10-year risk of heart disease,a large proportion have a high or immediate risk,Dr. Daniel S .Berman,from Cedars-Sinai Medi- cal Center in Los Angeles,and Dr. Nathan D.Wong,from the University of California at Irvine, note in a related editorial.
Aggressive treatment measures and public health strategies are needed to shift the overall population risk downward,they add.

Dr. Daniel and Dr. Nathan suggest reducing the risk of overall population by_______.
A:losing weight
B: aggressive treatment measures
C: public health strategies
D:Both B and C

答案：D
解析：
文章首段提到就提到美国80％以上的成年人未来十年内患心脏病的风险低于 10%，故A项正确；由第五段最后一句话“By contrast , race or ethnicity（种族划分）had little effect on risk distributions.”可知种族对患病风险的分布影响很小，故D项正确；由第五段“The proportion of subjects in the highest risk group increased with advancing age,and men were more likely than women to be in this group.”可知实验对象年龄越大，在高风险组中所占的比例也越大，男人进入该组的可能性也大于女性，故B项正确，C项错误。
由第四段“Overall , 82 percent of adults had a risk of less than 10 percent , 15 percent had a risk that fell between 10 to 20 percent and 3 percent had a risk above 20 percent.”可知，美国80％以上的成年人未来十年内患心脏病的风险低于10% ,15％的成年人未来患心脏病的风险介于10％～20% ,3％的成年人患心脏病的风险在20％以上。故选A。
题干问的是下列哪个选项对患病风险的分布影响最小。由文中第五段可知，心脏病的患病风险的分布与年龄和性别有很大的关系，种族对患病风险事物分布影响很小，D项“血型”在文中没有提及，故排除。故选C。
由文中原句“15 percent had a risk that fell between 10 to 20 percent”可知，15％的成年人未来十年内患心脏病的风险介于10%～20%，故选C。注意文中的几个百分数不要弄混淆了
两位科学家讲到，尽管大多数成年人10年内患心脏病的风险较低，但在有风险者中，很大一部分所面临的风险却是很高或者刻不容缓的，故只有采取积极的治疗措施和公共卫生政策（Aggressive treatment measures and public health strategies are needed）才能降低所有人群患病的风险概率。

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