第1题:
A.inflation, growth
B.growth, inflation
C.growth, divorce
D.growth, birth
第2题:
第3题:
The principal factor depressing life expectancy in developing countries has always been the high death rate for infants and children. The World Bank studies suggest that as much as two thirds of the difference in life-spans between people in developed countries and those in developing ones can be traced to differences in survival rates for children under five. It is here where the most improvement has come. According to UN estimates, significant regional drops in infant mortality - ranging from 25 percent to 60 percent and centering near 40 percent - appear to have taken place between the late 1950s and the late 1970s in northern Africa, Latin America, and Asia. Although sub-Saharan Africa' s mortality trends cannot be quantified with confidence, there is reason to believe that life expectancy has risen and infant mortality has declined in that region as well. There is little doubt that population growth has accelerated in sub-Saharan Africa since the 1950s; in fact, sub-Saharan Africa is widely thought to have the highest rate of population growth of any major region in the world. Only a small portion of that acceleration is likely to have been caused by increases in fertility (and increases in fertility, insofar as they have occurred, may also imply improvements in health and nutrition).
Mortality, of course, is not a perfect measure of nutritional change. Improved nutrition is only one of a number of forces that have been pushing down death rates in developing countries. Others include the upgrading of hygiene and sanitation; the extension of public health services; medical innovations; improvements in education, communications, transportation, and, in some areas, civil order. Even so, the extent to which improvements innutrition—both direct and indirect—have reduced mortality in developing countries has frequently been underestimated. For example, Sri Lanka experienced an abrupt jump in life expectancy shortly after the Second World War. Whereas this was long described as a "technical fix"—a triumph of DDT over the anopheles mosquito—years later researchers realized that abrupt and rapid drops in mortality had also taken place in Sri Lanka' s highlands, or "dry zones", where malaria had never been a serious problem. In both highlands and lowland regions health improved in tandem with access to food.
According to the author, life expectancy in developing countries is not high mainly because developing countries______.
A.have a low standard of living
B.have no public health services
C.have no public and private hygiene and sanitation
D.have low survival rates for infants and children
第4题:
第5题:
第6题:
Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A) World population is increasing at a rate of 150 per minute.
B) Lower death rates also contribute to world population growth.
C) The population of Columbia has been doubling every year for 21 years.
D) The United States is usually doubling its population about every 87 years.
第7题:
第8题:
The world’s population continues to grow. There now are about 4 billion of us on earth. That could reach 6 billion by the end of the century and 11 billion in a further 75 years. Experts have long been concerned about such a growth. Where will we find the food, water, jobs, houses, school and health care for all these people?
A major new study shows that the situation may be changing. A large and rapid drop in the world’s birth rate has taken place during the past 10 years. Families generally are smaller now than they were a few years ago. It is happening in both developing and industrial nations.
Researchers said they found a number of reasons for this. More men and women are waiting longer to get married and are using birth control devices and methods to prevent or delay pregnancy. More women are going to school or working at jobs away from home instead of having children. And more governments, especially in developing nations, now support family planning programs to reduce population grow.
China is one of the nations that have made great progress in reducing its population growth. China has already cut its rate of population growth by about half since 1970.
Each Chinese family is now urged to have no more than one child. And the hope is to reach a zero population growth with the total number of births equaling the total number of deaths by the year 2000.
Several nations in Europe already have fewer births than deaths. Experts said that these nations could face a serious shortage of workers in the future. And the persons who are working could face much higher taxes to help support the growing number of retired people.
1. The world’s population could reach ____________.
A. 6 billion in 75 years
B. 11 billion in 2075
C. 11 billion by the end of this century
D. 600 million in 15 years
2. Which of the following is true?
A. The world’s birth rate is higher than ten years ago.
B. There has been a slower population growth in the past ten years.
C. Families are as large as before.
D. Birth control has been well practiced in all nations.
3. By the year 2000, the number of births and the number of deaths in China will _______.
A. be greatly different
B. drop a great deal
C. be equal
D. become much larger
4. According to the essay, China’s population control ________.
A. is not quite successful
B. should be considered a big success
C. is far from being successful
D. is a complete failure
5. It may happen in the future that the people who are working in Europe will have to pay much higher taxes because___________.
A. more and more children will be born
B. the number of retired people will become ever larger
C. fewer and fewer children will be born
D. they will be making a lot of money
答案:BBCBB
解析:译文
世界人口继续增长。现在地球上大约有40亿人。到本世纪末,这一数字可能会达到60亿,再过75年就会达到110亿。长期以来,专家们一直关注这种增长。我们在哪里能找到这些人的食物、水、工作、房子、学校和医疗保健?
一项新的重大研究表明,情况可能正在改变。在过去10年里,世界人口出生率急剧下降。现在的家庭一般比几年前小。发展中国家和工业国家都在发生这种情况。
研究人员说,他们发现了很多原因。越来越多的男人和女人等待结婚的时间更长,他们使用节育设备和方法来预防或推迟怀孕。越来越多的妇女去上学或者在离家不远的地方工作,而不是生孩子。越来越多的政府,特别是发展中国家,现在支持计划生育计划以减少人口增长。
中国是在减少人口增长方面取得重大进展的国家之一。自1970年以来,中国已经将人口增长率降低了大约一半。
现在每个中国家庭都被要求最多生一个孩子。希望到2000年人口零增长,出生总数等于死亡总数。
欧洲一些国家的出生人数已经少于死亡人数。专家说,这些国家未来可能面临严重的劳动力短缺。而那些正在工作的人可能面临更高的税收,以帮助支持越来越多的退休人员。
1、世界人口可能达到。
A、 75年60亿
B、 2075年110亿
C、 到本世纪末达到110亿美元
D、 15年6亿
2以下哪项是正确的?
A、 世界的出生率比十年前高。
B、 在过去的十年里人口增长缓慢。
C、 家庭和以前一样大。
D、 所有国家都实行节育。
三。到2000年,中国的出生人数和死亡人数将。
A、 大相径庭
B、 掉了很多东西
C、 平等
D、 变得更大
4;根据这篇文章,中国的人口控制。
A、 不是很成功
B、 应该算是大成功了
C、 远没有成功
D、 完全失败了
5将来,在欧洲工作的人可能要付更高的税,因为。
A、 会有越来越多的孩子出生
B、 退休人员的数量将越来越多
C、 孩子会越来越少
D、 他们会赚很多钱
1题:世界人口可能达到2075年110亿,文章第二行有显示
2题:在过去的十年里人口增长缓慢,文章第四行有显示
3题:到2000年,中国的出生人数和死亡人数将平等,文章倒数第三行有显示
4题:根据这篇文章,中国的人口控制应该算是大成功了,人口没有急剧增长
5题:将来,在欧洲工作的人可能要付更高的税,因为退休人员的数量将越来越多,文章倒数第一段有显示
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第10题: