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问答题Passage 1　　Comparisons were drawn between the development of television in the 20th century and the diffusion of printing in the 15th and 16th centuries. Yet much had happened between. As was discussed before, it was not 1 the 19th century that the n

题目
问答题
Passage 1　　Comparisons were drawn between the development of television in the 20th century and the diffusion of printing in the 15th and 16th centuries. Yet much had happened between. As was discussed before, it was not  1 the 19th century that the newspaper became the dominant pre-electronic medium, following in the wake of the pamphlet and the book and in the company of the periodical. It was during the same time that the communications revolution speeded  2 , beginning  3 transport, the railway, and leading on through the telegraph, the telephone, radio, and motion pictures into the 20th-century world  4 the motor car and the airplane. Not everyone sees that  5 in perspective.　　It is generally recognized, however, that the introduction of the computer in the early 20th century, followed  6 the invention of the integrated circuit during the 1960s, radically changed the process,  7 its impact  8 the media was not immediately apparent.  9 time went by, computers became smaller and more powerful, and they became “personal” too, as  10 as institutional, with display becoming sharper and storage capacity  11 . They were thought of, like people, in terms of generations, with the distance between generations much smaller.　　It was within the computer age that the term “information society” began to be widely used to describe the context 12 we now live. The communications revolution has  13 both work and leisure and how we think and feel both about place and time,  14 there have been controversial views about its economic, political, social and cultural implications. “Benefits” have been weighed  15 “harmful” outcomes. And generalizations have proved difficult.
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相似问题和答案

第1题：

We can assume from the passage that ______.

A. red beards were more fashionable than black ones

B. everyone in fourteenth-century Spain shaved

C. false beards were considered foolish by those who had real beards

D. the popularity of false beards largely died out after the fourteenth century


正确答案：D
最后一段。由于假胡须带来的种种麻烦，终于菲利浦国王四世停止了这种愚蠢的风尚。

第2题：

Indians move to Britan in 16th century.()


参考答案：错误

第3题：

By the 16th century, some new and powerful social forces began to emerge which led to the awakening of Europe and the discovery of American,i.e.,the development of capitalism, the Renaissance and the Religious Reformation.()

此题为判断题(对，错)。


正确答案:√

第4题：

It is generally agreed that the first true cities appeared about 5,000 years ago in the food-producing communities of the Middle East． The cities of Sumeria, Egypt and the Indus Valley possessed a number of characteristics that distinguished them as truly urban． The cities were very much larger and more densely populated than any previous settlement, and their function wasclearly differentiated from that of the surrounding villages． In the cities the old patterns of kinship relations were replaced by a complex hierarchy of social classes based on the specialization of
labor． Moreover, the need to keep records led to the development of writing and arithmetic, and the increased sophistication of urban society gave a new impetus to artistic expression of every kind．
When the basis of city life was established in Europe the urban tradition was drawn from the ancient cities of the Middle East, via the civilization of Greece and Rome． We can trace three main phases in the growth of the West European city． The first of these is the medieval phase which extends from the beginning of the 1 lth century A．D． to about 1,500 to the beginning of the 19th century． The third is the modern phase extending from the early 19th century to the present day．
Every medieval city began as a small settlement, which grew up round a geographical or cultural focal point． This would be a permanent structure such as a stronghold, a cathedral or a large church． In districts where travel and trade were well established, it might be a market, a river crossing, or a place where two or more trade routes met, in studies of urban geography the oldest part of town is referred to as the nuclear settlement． There are many small towns in Europe where it is still possible to trace the outline of the original nuclear settlement． It is, of course,
much more difficult to do this in the case if a large modern city which has grown to many times its original size．
The ancient cities were characterized by all the following except__________．

A.larger populations
B.different roles
C.different social classes
D.different locations

答案：D
解析：
根据题干关键词定位到第一段。第一段中的第三句和第四句分别提到了人口、不同的角色和不同的社会阶层。而文中始终没有提及不同的位置，故选D。

第5题：

We were told that the stone figure _______ back to the 16th century was of great value. A. dated B. dating C. coming D. kept


正确答案：B
本句中含有be+of+n.这个结构。dating back to the 16th century的逻辑主语是stone figure.   （本解析由学员提供）

第6题：

It is surprising that eating three meals a day—breakfast, lunch and dinner—has been a custom only since 1890. Before this time, people only had two meals a day—breakfast and dinner. In the 16th century, breakfast was only to break one’s fast(开戒, 即开始吃东西). But 200 years later it had become a large meal, not just for family, but for numbers of guests as well. It was a social event. It began at 10 a.m. and lasted until 1 p.m. Then breakfast began to be less popular. It became, instead, a lighter meal and was taken at much earlier hour. By 1850 it had been pushed back to 8 a.m. and became a family meal. Dinner, however, went the other way. In the 16th century it was eaten at 11 a.m. Years later, it moved to the early afternoon, then to 5 p.m. By 1850 dinner time had reached 7 p.m. Lunch is a recent idea. It first appeared as a snack to fill the gap between breakfast and dinner.

1.People did not have lunch ______.

A.until 1890

B.after 1890

C.since 1890 Dby 1890

2.“Dinner, however, went the other way” means “______”.

A.dinner didn’t go there with breakfast

B.dinner took the same way as breakfast

C.dinner got later

D.dinner is the same with breakfast

3.Breakfast has been a family meal since the ______ century.

A.17th

B.18th

C.16th

D.19th

4.The passage is mostly concerned with ______.

A.what people eat for breakfast

B.what people eat for dinner

C.the history of supper

D.the history of the three meals

5.The passage leads us to believe that ______.

A.our custom of meals is based on an English custom

B.before 1890 people didn’t eat three meals a day

C.breakfast is the most important meal for us

D.three meals a day is a long tradition


正确答案：1.A2.C3.D4.D5.B

第7题：

Comparisons were drawn between the development of television in the 20th century and the diffusion of printing in the 15th and 16th centuries. Yet much had happened between. As was discussed before, it was not until the 19th century that the newspaper became the dominant pre- electronic(61), following in the wake of the pamphlet and the book and in the(62)of the periodical. It was during the same time that the communications revolution(63)UP, beginning with transport, the railway, and leading on through the telegraph, the telephone, radio, and motion pictures into the 20th-century world of the motor car and the air plane. Not everyone sees that process in(64). It is important to do so.

It is generally recognized,(65), that the introduction of the computer in the early 20th century,(66)by the invention of the integrated circuit during the 1960s, radically changed the process, although its impact on the media was not immediately(67). As time went by, computers became smaller and more powerful, and they became "personal" too, as well as(68), with display becoming sharper and storage(69)increasing. They were thought of, like people,(70)generations, with the distance between generations much(71).

It was within the computer age that the term "information society" began to be widely used to describe the(72)within which we now live. The communications revolution has(73)both work and leisure and how we think and feel both about place and time, but there have been(74)view about its economic, political, social and cultural implications. "Benefits" have been weighed(75)"harmful" outcomes. And generalizations have proved difficult.

A．means

B．method

C．medium

D．measure


正确答案：C
解析：文章背景分析：这是一篇有关人类信息社会发展过程问题的社科类说明文。文章中心主线分析：文章的中心主线在文章的首句以及第2句就已经明确了。(Comparisonsweredrawnbetweenthedevelopmentoftelevisioninthe20thcenturyandthediffusionofprintinginthe15thand16thcenturies．Yetmuchhadhappenedbetween)。我们要在以电视发展为标志的20世纪和以印刷术的传播为标志的15、16世纪之间做比较。但是，在这两个阶段之间又有许多发明出现了。从文章的头两句话可以读山本文探讨的主题是有关人类信息社会的发展过程，而且重点是讲述在20世纪和15、16世纪两个阶段之间发生的事情。文章结构分析：由于此篇文章讲述的主题是有关人类信息社会的发展过程，时间阶段就成为贯穿全文的一个重要线索。通过总结和比较这些时间阶段，可以很快掌握文章的结构为总分结构。英语知识运用分析：(61)空是考查名词的专业术语，主语newspaper显然是一种medium(媒体)。

第8题：

●Comparisons were drawn between the development of television in the 20th century and the diffusion of printing in the 15th and 16th centuries.Yet much had happened between.As was discussed before，it was not until the 19th century that the newspaper became the dominant preelectronic mediam，following in the wake of the pamphlet and the book and in the company of the periodical.It Was during the same time that the communications revolution speeded up，beginning with transport，the railway，and leading on through the telegraph，the telephone，radio，and motion pictures into the 20th-century world of the motor car and the air plane.Not everyone sees that processin perspective.It is important to do so.

It is generally recognized，however，that the introduction of the computer in the early 20th century，(66) by the invention of the integrated circuit during the 1960s，radically changed the process，although its impact on the media was not immediately(67).As time went by，computers became smaller and more powerful，and they became "personal"too，as well as(68)，with display becoming sharper and storage(69)incteasing.They were thought of，like people，(70)generations，with the distance between generations much smaller.

It was within the computer age that the term "information society" began to be widely used to describe thecontext within which we now live.The communications revolution has influenced both work and leisure and how we think and feel both about place and time，but there have been controversial view about its economic，political，social and cultural implications."Benefits" have been weighed against"harmful"outcomes.And generalizations have proved difficult.

(66)A.brought B.followed C.stimulated D.characterized

(67)A.apparent B.desirable C.negative D.plausible

(68)A.institutional B.universal C.fundamental D.instrumental

(69)A.ability B.capability C.capacity D.faculty

(70)A.by means of B.in terms of C.with regard to D.in line with


正确答案：B,A,A,C,B
【解析】文章背景分析：这是一篇有关人类信息社会发展过程问题的社科类说明文。文章中心主线分析：文章的中心主线在文章的首句以及第2句就已经明确了。(Comparisons were... drawn between the development of television in the 20th century and the diffusion of printing in the15th and 16th centuries.Yet much had happened between)。我们要在以电视发展为标志的20世纪和以印刷术的传播为标志的15、16世纪之间做比较。但是，在这两个阶段之间又有许多发明出现了。
从文章的头两句话可以读出本文探讨的主题是有关人类信息社会的发展过程，而且重点是讲述在20世纪和15、16世纪两个阶段之间发生的事情。
文章结构分析：由于此篇文章讲述的主题是有关人类信息社会的发展过程，时间阶段就成为贯穿全文的一个重要线索。通过总结和比较这些时间阶段，可以很快掌握文章的结构为总分结构。

第9题：

It is generally agreed that the first true cities appeared about 5,000 years ago in the food-producing communities of the Middle East． The cities of Sumeria, Egypt and the Indus Valley possessed a number of characteristics that distinguished them as truly urban． The cities were very much larger and more densely populated than any previous settlement, and their function wasclearly differentiated from that of the surrounding villages． In the cities the old patterns of kinship relations were replaced by a complex hierarchy of social classes based on the specialization of
labor． Moreover, the need to keep records led to the development of writing and arithmetic, and the increased sophistication of urban society gave a new impetus to artistic expression of every kind．
When the basis of city life was established in Europe the urban tradition was drawn from the ancient cities of the Middle East, via the civilization of Greece and Rome． We can trace three main phases in the growth of the West European city． The first of these is the medieval phase which extends from the beginning of the 1 lth century A．D． to about 1,500 to the beginning of the 19th century． The third is the modern phase extending from the early 19th century to the present day．
Every medieval city began as a small settlement, which grew up round a geographical or cultural focal point． This would be a permanent structure such as a stronghold, a cathedral or a large church． In districts where travel and trade were well established, it might be a market, a river crossing, or a place where two or more trade routes met, in studies of urban geography the oldest part of town is referred to as the nuclear settlement． There are many small towns in Europe where it is still possible to trace the outline of the original nuclear settlement． It is, of course,
much more difficult to do this in the case if a large modern city which has grown to many times its original size．
?Which of the following would be the best title of the passage?

A.The Origin and Development of Cities．
B.The Differences Between a Modern City and an Ancient City．
C.The Functions of a City．
D.The Characteristics of an Ancient City．

答案：D
解析：
纵观全文可知本文通篇都在讲述古代城市的特点，因此D项“古代城市的特点”最适合作为本文的标题。故选D。

第10题：

共用题干
第三篇

Houses in 18th Century North America

Seventeenth-century houses in colonial North America were simple structures that were primarily functional,carrying over traditional designs that went back to the Middle Ages.During the first half of the eighteenth century,however,houses began to show a new elegance.As wealth increased, more and more colonists built fine houses.
Since architecture was not yet a specialized profession in the colonies,the design of buildings was left either to amateur designers or to carpenters who undertook to interpret architectural manuals imported from England.Inventories of colonial libraries show an astonishing number of these handbooks for builders,and the houses erected during the eighteenth century show their influence.Nevertheless,most domestic architecture of the first three-quarters of the eighteenth century displays a wide divergence of taste and freedom of application of the rules laid down in these books.
Increasing wealth and growing sophistication throughout the colonies resulted in houses of improved design,whether the material was wood,stone or brick.New England still favored wood, though brick houses became common in Boston and towns, where the danger of fire gave an impetus to the use of more durable material. A few houses in New England were built of store,but only in Pennsylvania and adjacent area was stone widely used in dwellings.An increased use of brick in houses and outbuildings is noticeable in Virginia and Maryland,but wood remained the most popular material even in houses built by wealthy landowners.In the Carolinas,even in closely packed Charleston,wooden houses were much more common than brick.
Eighteenth-century houses showed great interior improvement over their predecessors.Windows were made larger and shutters removed.Large,clear panes replaced the small leaded glass of the seventeenth century.Doorways were larger and more decorative.Fireplaces became decorative features of rooms.Walls were made of plaster or wood,sometimes elaborately paneled.White paint began to take the place of blues,yellows,greens,and lead colors,which had been popular for walls in the earlier years.After about 1730,advertisements for wallpaper styles in scenic patterns began to appear in colonial newspapers.

The word"predecessors"(Line 1,Para. 4)refer to______.
A:colonists who arrived in North America in the seventeenth century
B:houses constructed before the eighteenth-century
C:interior improvements
D:wooden houses in Charleston

答案：B
解析：
根据文章第一段中第二句“During the first half of the eighteenth century, however , houses began to show a new elegance."（然而在18世纪前半叶，房屋开始显示出新的优稚风格。），可知本文要讨论的是18世纪殖民地房屋的设计改进。故选项A为正确答案。
根据第二段首句“Since architecture was not yet a specialized profession in the colonies,the design of buildings was left either to amateur designers or to carpenters who under-took to interpret architectural manuals imported from England."（由于建筑在殖民地还不是一项专奋门的职业，房屋设计或者由业余设计者来做，或者由那些翻译英国进口建筑手册的木匠来做），可知在18世纪的北美，木匠负责设计房屋。故正确答案为选项D。
根据文中第三段第四、五句“An increased use of brick in houses and outbuildings is noticeable in Virginia and Maryland,but wood remained the most popular material even in houses built by wealthy landowners.In the Carolinas,even in closely packed Charleston,wooden houses were much more common than brick."（在弗吉尼亚和马里兰，人们在房屋和外屋的建造上明显越来越喜欢使用砖料，但甚至在富有的土地主建造的房屋里面，木料仍然是最流行的材料。在南北卡罗来纳州，甚至在拥挤的查理斯顿，木制房屋也比砖房要普遍），可知正确答案为选项B。
根据第四段第一句“Eighteenth-century houses showed great interior improvement over their predecessors.”可以看出文章是拿18世纪的房屋和“their predecessors”相比较，但从句子意思上看，肯定是与18世纪以前建造的房屋相比较。故正确答案为选项B。
文中最后一句话“After about 1730 , advertisements for wallpaper styles in scenic patterns began to appear in colonial newspapers."（大概1730年后，殖民地报纸上开始出现了风景画形式的壁纸风格广告），言外之意就是，在此之前这种风景画式的壁纸还没有广泛使用。故正确答案为选项C。

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