单选题The author thinks that ______.A packing is actually useless and could be ignoredB people will soon stop using packaging altogetherC enough research has been done into recyclingD it is better to produce new materials than to re-use old ones

题目

单选题

The author thinks that ______.

packing is actually useless and could be ignored

people will soon stop using packaging altogether

enough research has been done into recycling

it is better to produce new materials than to re-use old ones

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相似问题和答案

第1题：

Much research( ) into the possibiecauses of the disease in the past few years.

A.has been done

B.was done

C.have been done

D.were done

答案：A

第2题：

Thousands of papers are submitted every month to the platforms arXiv and bioRxiv,which make manuscripts available before they have been peer reviewed and accepted by a journal.Scientists applaud preprints because they enable researchers to claim priority and make their findings available more quickly,unshackled from sluggish and tyrannical journals.This might make sense within the scientific community,but this method of publication holds substantial risks for the broadcr community-risks that are not being given proper consideration by the champions of preprint.Weak work that hasn't been reviewed could get overblown in the media.Conversely,better work could be ignored.Many people still learn about science the same way they learn about Syria or the World Cup:through news sites,television and radio.The bulk of research reported through these channels is peer reviewed.A few days before a paper is published,the science journal will issue a restricted press release to qualified journalists under an agreement that no one will report on the paper until a designated time.The system has its flaws,but it does give reporters time to assess the research and gather expert reaction.Contrast this with preprints.As soon as research is in the public domain,there is nothing to stop a journalist writing about it,and rushing to be the first to do so.Imagine early findings that seem to show that climate change is natural or that a common vaccine is unsafe.Preprints on subjects such as those could,if they become a story that goes viral,end up misleading millions,whether or not that was the intention of the authors.Another risk is the inverse-and this one could matter more to some researchers.Under the preprint system,one daring journalist searching through the servers can break a story;by the time other reporters have noticed,it's old news,and they can't persuade their editors to publish.There have been cases in which a preprint that garnered news stories got a second wave of coverage when it was published in a journal.But generally,the rule is'it has to be new to be news'.It is not enough to shrug and blame journalists,and it is unhelpful to dismiss those journalists who can accurately convey complex science to a mass audience.Journalists do include appropriate warnings or even decide not to run a story when conclusions are uncertain,but that happens only because they have been given enough time and breathing space to assess it.If the scientific community isn't careful,preprints coulcl take that resource away.How can we have preprints and support good journalism?Should scientific societies or preprint advocates develop guidelines for what should and should not be posted as a preprint?Should all preprints be emblazoned with a warning aimed at journalists that work has not been peer reviewed'?Preprints could bring great prizes for science.But these questions must be brought up now,so that public understanding is not damaged as preprints flourish.
The author argues in Paragraph 6 that journalists

A.are mainly to blame for spreading bad science.
B.can help the audience recognize faulty research.
C.should be given more time to evaluate research.
D.have to respect the uncertainty inherent in science.

答案：C

解析：

第六段先提出“指责、解雇记者于事无补”，随后指出“记者有权警告研究作者、甚至对劣质研究不予刊登，但唯有给他们足够时间、足够喘息空间去评估，这才会发生”，最后明确”科学界需小心避免预印本剥夺记者评估研究的时间”，可见，作者认为“预印系统下，记者未被给予足够时间评估研究，科学界应对此加以改善”，C.契合作者观点。[解题技巧]A.与第六段①句“指责、解雇记者无济于事”相悖。B.将第六段①句“记者能将复杂科学准确传达给读者”篡改为“记者可帮助读者辨识劣质研究”，且背离末句文意“当前预印系统下，记者没有时间甄辨研究优劣”。D.源自第六段②句uncertain，却于客观陈述“记者有权决定不刊登结论不确定的研究”中人为加入作者批驳态度“不确定性为科学固有，记者应加以尊重，不应拒绝刊登”。

第3题：

When John and Victoria Falls arrived in New York City for one-year stay, they did not bring very many things with them. They had planned either to live in a furnished apartment or to buy used furniture. But they soon learned about a new system that more and more people are using. The renting of home furnishings (bed, tables, dishes, and so on) has become one of America’s fastest growing businesses.

What kinds of people rent tent officials, foreign students, airline workers, young married couples - people whose job or buw homes. Young people with little money do not want to buy cheap furniture that they may soon dislike. They prefer to wait until they have enough money to buy furniture they really like. Meanwhile, they find they can rent better quality furniture than they could afford to buy.

One family, who now have a large, beautiful home of their own, liked their rented furniture so much that they decided to keep renting it instead of buying new things. But usually people don’t like to tell others about it. The idea of renting home furnishings is still quite new, and they are not sure what their neighbors might think.

11.Which of the following has become one of America’s fastest growing businesses?

A.Selling home furnishings.

B.Renting furnished apartments.

C.Selling used furniture.

D.Renting home furnishings.

12.Why do some people prefer to rent furniture?

A.Because the furniture they get in this way is new.

B.Because it saves them a lot of money.

C.Because it saves them much trouble and money.

D.Because they can always get better quality furniture in this way.

13.What can you infer from the passage?

A.The idea of renting furniture is not acceptable.

B.Renting furniture is not popular in the couple’s home town.

C.Only those who don’t have enough money to rent furniture.

D.People usually grow to like the furniture they have rented.

14.Which of the following can best serve as the title of the passage?

A.Rent or Buy?

B.A New Way of Getting Home Furnishings.

C.Furnished Apartments.

D.A New Idea.

15.Young people liked renting home furniture because_________

A.they have less money.

B.they don’t want to buy old furniture.

C.the new furniture is of good quality.

D.they don’t have much money and don’t want to buy the cheap furniture.

参考答案：DCBBD

第4题：

Many people use wood stoves and fireplaces to heat their homes．Scientists have become worried about the smoke that they give off．Harmful chemicals are in the smoke．The smoke is causing air pollution．The pieces of pollution,called soot,are floating in the air．They are too tiny to see．Scientists must use a microscope to see them.
Small amounts of soot are safe,but large amounts can be dangerous．The govenment wants to limit this kind of pollution．It may stop people from using their fireplaces.
The air is tested every day．When soot levels are high,more than 65 micrograms of soot per cubic meter,factories must stop making smoke．The government thinks that limit should be much lower.
Factories produce the most smoke and soot．But the government thinks that all types of burning should be limited．The soot levels from factories and homes could be limited．Home owners may have to install new wood stoves that they comply with the new law．Or,they may not be able to bum on days when the air quality is bad.
Residents of some towns are fined if they violate the burning ban．Scientists hope these new regulations will make the air cleaner and less harmful to breathe.

What could home owners do to comply with the new regulation?

A.Write a lette
B.Ask for permissio
C.Use more electricit
D.Install new low-soot fireplace

答案：D

解析：

第二、三、四段。政府认为应当限制煤烟的排放量，以减少空气中的污染颗粒。工厂是排放煤烟最多的地方，应当加以限制。但政府认为，住宅也应受此限制，减少煤烟的排放。新的法律规定住宅必须安装新型的低烟壁炉，否则，在污染比较严重的时期，这些住户是不能使用他们的壁炉的。

第5题：

A.are incompatible with good journalism.
B.should be forbidden for quality concerns.
C.are usually misinterpreted by journalists.
D.could promote confusion and distortion.

答案：D

解析：

末段先提出问题“如何在保有预印本的同时助力良性新闻”，随后指出科学界应考量“制定发布指导原则、加设警告标识”等诸多问题，以避免“预印本损害公众认知之可能”。由此可知，作者意在“提请科学界关注预印本潜藏风险、立即采取行动”，D.体现“预印本损害公众认知之风险”。[解题技巧]A.、B.与末段①句传递之意“应实现保有预印本的同时助力良性新闻”相悖。C.由末段③句a warning aimed at journalists臆断而来，但“对记者的警告”旨在“提醒记者论文未经评审、应注意审核评估”，并非“告诫记者不要主观扭曲研究”。

第6题：

By saying "the world has been spared a t.rue water war" (Line 1, Para.4), the author means（）

[A] the water supply in the world is more than needed

[B] the world has saved enough water to avoid the war

[C] the world has never suffered a war triggered by water

[D] the world spares no effort to avoid a war caused by water

正确答案：C

第7题：

Another important factor is the technical efficiency of a country’s people.Old countries that have numerous（）craftsmen are better placed to produce wealth than countries whose workers are largely unskilleD.Furthermore,wealth also produces wealth.

A.skillful
B.skilled
C.capable
D.shrewd

答案：B

解析：

skilled经过训练的，而skillful是熟练的，有技巧的；根据上下文，选skilled。

第8题：

The author thinks that replacing gas with corn ethanol is.

A. impracticalB. acceptable C. admirable D. useless

正确答案：A

第9题：

共用题干
New Understanding of Natural Silk's Mysteries

Natural silk,as we all know,has a strength that man-made materials have long struggled to match.In a
discovery that sounds more like an ancient Chinese proverb than a materials science breakthrough,MIT re-
searchers have discovered that silk gets its strength from its weakness.Or,more specifically,its many weak-
nesses. Silk gets its extraordinary durability and ductility（柔韧性）from an unusual arrangement of hydrogen
bonds that are intrinsically very weak but that work together to create a strong,flexible structure.
Most materials一especially the ones we engineer for strength一get their toughness from brittleness.As
such,natural silks like those produced by spiders have long fascinated both biologists and engineers because of
their light weight,ductility and high strength(pound for pound,silk is stronger than steel and far less brittle).
But on its face,it doesn't seem that silks should be as strong as they are;molecularly,they are held together by
hydrogen bonds , which are far weaker than the covalent（共价的）bonds found in other molecules.
To get a better understanding of how silk manages to produce such strength through such weak bonds,
the MIT team created a set of computer models that allowed them to observe the way silk behaves at the
atomic level. They found that the arrangement of the tiny silk nanocrystals（纳米晶体）is such that the hydro-
gen bonds are able to work cooperatively,reinforcing one another against external forces and failing slowly
when they do fail,so as not to allow a sudden fracture to spread across a silk structure.
The result is natural silks that can stretch and bend while retaining a high degree of strength.But while
that's all well and good for spiders,bees and the like,this understanding of silk geometry could lead to new
materials that are stronger and more ductile than those we can currently manufacture.Our best and strongest
materials are generally expensive and difficult to produce(requiring high temperature treatments or
energy-intensive processes).
By looking to silk as a model,researchers could potentially devise new manufacturing methods that rely
on inexpensive materials and weak bonds to create less rigid,more forgiving materials that are nonetheless
stronger than anything currently on offer. And if you thought you were going to get out of this materials
science story without hearing about carbon nanotubes（纳米碳管）, think again. The MIT team is already in
the lab looking into ways of synthesizing silk-like structures out of materials that are stronger than natural
silk-like carbon nanotubes. Super-silks are on the horizon.

The MIT team had tried different materials before they studied natural silk in their research.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned

答案：C

解析：

题干的相关内容在第一段第二句，但文中说的是“In a discovery that sounds more like an ancient Chinese proverb than a materials science breakthrough,MIT researchers have discovered that silk gets its strength from its weakness.（一项研究的成果听起来更像一则古代中国谚语而不是材料科学的突破，在这项研究中，麻省理工学院的研究人员发现，蚕丝的强度源于其脆弱。）”题干说的是：麻省理工学院的研究员开展这项研究以说明一则古代中国谚语。这与文章所述不一致。
题干的相关内容在第一段最后一句“Silk gets its extraordinary durability and ductility from an unusual arrangement of hydrogen bonds that are inherently very weak but that work together to create a strong , flexible structure.（蚕丝的异常耐久性和延展性来自一种特别的氢键结构，这些氢键本质上非常脆弱，但它们共同创造了一种强劲而富有弹性的结构。）”题干说的是：蚕丝的强韧来自其脆弱的氢键的协同合作。这与文章所述一致。
题干的相关内容在第二段第二句“...natural silks like those produced by spiders have long fascinated both biologists and engineers because of their light weight,ductility and high strength… （……和蜘蛛制造的蛛丝类似的天然蚕丝，因其重量轻，延展性强和韧性高，长期以来令生物学家和工程师很感兴趣……）”题干说的是：生物学家和工程师对理解天然蚕丝很感兴趣，因为它们很轻、很脆。这与文章所述不一致。brittle的意思是“脆的，硬但易碎的”。
题干的相关内容在第三段最后一句“...the hydrogen bonds are able to work cooperatively, reinforcing one another against external forces and failing slowly when they do fail,so as not to allowa sudden fracture to spread across a silk structure.（氢键能够齐心协力地合作，相互增援，对抗外力，同时，它们确实维持不下去时也是慢慢衰退，这样蚕丝的整体结构就不至于出现突然的断裂。）”题干所说的是：如果氢键因外力而断裂，它们断得很快。这与文章所述不一致。
题干所说的是：麻省理工学院研究组在研究天然蚕丝之前研究过不同的材料。这在文中没有提及。
题干所说的是：纳米碳管是目前材料学中最盛行的话题。这在文中没有提及。
根据最后一段最后两句可知，研究人员正在想办法用比自然丝状纳米碳管更强韧的材料合成丝状结构，超级丝就要出现了。题干所说的是：研究表明，比天然蚕丝更强韧的材料有望在将来出现。这与文章所述一致。第3部分：概括大意与完成句子

第10题：

A.They could lose their home
B.They pay for the punishmen
C.They get sick from the smok
D.The fire could get out of contro

答案：B

解析：

见第五段。在有些城镇，如果居民违反燃烧法规是会受到罚款的。

单选题The author thinks that ______.A packing is actually useless and could be ignoredB people will soon stop using packaging altogetherC enough research has been done into recyclingD it is better to produce new materials than to re-use old ones

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