单选题Too much caution in the use of computers will ______ .A prevent the solution of economic problemsB cause more suppression of human freedomC lead to clumsy methods of protectionD interfere with our study of society.

题目

单选题

Too much caution in the use of computers will ______ .

prevent the solution of economic problems

cause more suppression of human freedom

lead to clumsy methods of protection

interfere with our study of society.

参考答案和解析

正确答案： A

解析：
文章第三段最后一句提到“But we must be careful also…”，过分的保护会deprive our society of important data it needs to understand its down social processes and to analyze its problems，即使我们不能获取有关社会进程和问题的有效数据，也就是“干预到我们对社会的研究”，故D项正确。

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相似问题和答案

第1题：

This is not the world we know. This world is controlled by computers. Men and women can be seen, but they are following the orders given to them by machines. The machines were designed by mad scientists, but at some point even the mad scientists were taken over by their super-inventions.

Does this sound familiar? You have probably read something like it in magazines or books, or seen it in a film. Why is it so popular? One of the reasons is that it reflects the fears of many people; fear of the unknown fear of what is not understood or, at least, fear of something that is not completely understood.

The fact is that every day it seems that computers take control of another area of our lives. Some

factory jobs are now done by robots and the robots are controlled by computers. Our bank accounts are managed by computers. At the airport, our tickets are sold by a computer. Certainly, many of these operations are made more

efficient by computers, but our admiration is sometimes mixed with unsafe feelings. And this lack of safety is caused by the fact that we do not know how computers do these things, and we really don't know what they might do next. But we can find out how computers work, and once we understand them, we can use computers instead of worrying about being used by them. Today, there is a new generation of computer wizards who know exactly how computers get things done. These young men and women, usually university students, are happy to sit for hours, sometimes for days, designing programs, not eating, not sleeping, but discovering what can be done by these wonderful slaves which they have learned to control. These computer wizards have learned to use the computer and search for new tasks for their machines.

(1)、According to the passage, our present world is under the control of ______ .

A：mad scientists

B：men and women

C：the unknown fear

D：some super-inventions

(2)、The reason why many people are afraid of computers is that ______ .

A：they don't know anything about computers

B：they haven't really understood computers

C：there are so many computer games

D：computers are often down

(3)、The author mentions computer wizards in order to point out that ______ .

A：computers can be controlled by man

B：there should be more people devoted to computers

C：only young people are interested in computers

D：more time and energy is required to control computers

(4)、This passage is probably written to suggest that ______ .

A：some day computers can deal with all human problems

B：computers can be used in place of traveling to our jobs

C：people should not fear computers

D：computer technology will not meet people's needs in various situations

(5)、The author's attitude towards widely used computers is __.

A：positive

B：anxious

C：worried

D：serious

正确答案：D、B、A、C、A

第2题：

Early in the age of affluence that followed World War II,an American retailing analyst named Victor Lebow proclaimed,
“Our enormously productive economy...demands that we make consumption our way of life,that we convert the buying and
use of Eoods into rituals,that we seek our spiritual satisfaction,our ego satisfaction,in consumption...We need things
consumed,burned up,worn out,replaced and discarded at an ever increasing rate.”
Americans have responded to Lebow’s call,and much of the world has followed.Consumption has become a central pillar of life in industrial lands and is even embedded in social values.
Opinion surveys in the world’s two largest economies-Japan and the United States-show consumerist definitions of
success becoming ever more prevalent.
Overconsumption by the world’s fortunate is an environmental problem unmatched in severity by anything but perhaps
population growth.Their surging exploitation of resources threatens to exhaust or unalterably spoil forests,soils,water,air and climate.
Ironically,high consumption may be a mixed blessing in human terms,too.The time-honored values of integrity of
character,good work,friendship,family and community have often been sacrificed in the rush to riches.Thus many in the
industrial lands have a sense that their world,of plenty is somehow hollow-that,misled by a consumerist culture,they have
been fruitlessly attempting to satisfy what are essentially social,psychological and spiritual needs with material things.
Of course,the opposite of overconsumption-poverty-is no solution to either environmental or human problems.It is infinitely worse for people and bad for the natural world too.Dispossessed peasants slash-and-burn their way into the rain forests of
Latin American,and hungry nomads turn their herds out onto fragile African grassland,reducing it to desert.If environmental
destruction results when people have either too little or too much,we are left to wonder how much is enough.What level of
consumption can the earth support When does having more cease to add noticeably to human satisfaction

According to the passage,consumerist culture________.《》（）

A.cannot thrive on a fragile economy
B.will not aggravate environmental problems
C.cannot satisfy human spiritual needs
D.will not alleviate poverty in wealthy countries

答案：C

解析：

本题考查细节。
文章第6段提到“工业国家的很多人感觉到他们物质丰富的世界不知怎地变得空洞了——受消费主义观念的误导，他们一直试图用物质来满足社会、心理和精神上的需求，而这毫无效果”， C选项，不能满足人类的精神需求。综上，C选项正确。
A选项，不可能在薄弱的经济中繁荣，不合题意，故排除。
B选项，不会使环境问题恶化，不合题意，故排除。
D选项，不会缓和富裕国家的贫穷问题，不合题意，故排除。
故正确选项为C。

第3题：

In most situations, light helps us see. But nowadays humans are using too much of it so that it is in fact a kind of pollution.

When it comes to looking at the night sky, too much light makes it difficult for us to watch some of life’s most wonderful sights: stars, planets and even galaxies(星系).

According to scientific research, about 2, 500 stars can be seen by the human eye without using any special equipment(设备). But because of light pollution, you can only see 200 to 300 stars from today’s countryside, and no more than ten stars from a city. In most big cities, people cannot see the sky filled with stars like they did in their childhood.

Light pollution affects more than just our view of sky. Research shows that lots of nighttime light can harm wildlife, too.

When birds fly to another place over cities, they sometimes get lost by the brightness and fly in circles(圈) until they drop from tiredness. Sea turtles(海龟) need dark beaches for laying eggs, but they can’t find their ideal places because of those bright lights.

Too much light at night may even affect human health, but scientists are not sure of that. They are still learning more.

In order to prevent things from going worse, governments and some organizations are working to reduce light pollution. Many cities and towns have taken action to reduce the use of lights at night. Lights are used only when and where they are truly needed. They also shine lights down at the ground instead of up into the sky and use lower brightness levels.

Hopefully, in the near future, humans can enjoy the clear and beautiful sky again and all the wildlife will live a peaceful and undisturbed life, too.

27. Why does the writer think that too much light is a kind of pollution?

A. Because there are fewer and fewer stars.

B. Because human health has been affected.

C. Because too much light is a waste of energy.

D. Because some of the wildlife can be harmed.

正确答案：D

第4题：

To live in the United States today is to gain an appreciation for Dahrendorf′s assertion that social change exists everywhere. Technology, the application of knowledge for practical ends, is a major source of social change.
Yet we would do well to remind ourselves that technology is a human creation; it does not exist naturally. A spear or a robot is as much a cultural as a physical object. Until humans use a spear to hunt game or a robot to produce machine parts, neither is much more than a solid mass of matter. For a bird looking for an object on which to rest, a spear or robot serves the purpose equally well. The explosion of the Challenger space shuttle and the Russian nuclear accident at Chernobyl drive home the human quality of technology; they provide cases in which well-planned systems suddenly went haywire and there was no ready hand to set them right. Since technology is a human creation, we are responsible for what is done with it. Pessimists worry that we will use our technology eventually to blow our world and ourselves to pieces. But they have been saying this for decades, and so far we have managed to survive and even flourish. Whether we will continue to do so in the years ahead remains uncertain. Clearly, the impact of technology on our lives deserves a closer examination.
Few technological developments have had a greater impact on our lives than the computer revolution. Scientists and engineers have designed specialized machines that can do the tasks that once only people could do. There are those who assert that the switch to an information-based economy is in the same camp as other great historical milestones, particularly the Industrial Revolution. Yet when we ask why the Industrial Revolution was a revolution, we find that it was not the machines. The primary reason why it was revolutionary is that it led to great social change. It gave rise to mass production and, through mass production, to a society in which wealth was not confined to the few.
In somewhat similar fashion, computers promise to revolutionize the structure of American life, particularly as they free the human mind and open new possibilities in knowledge and communication. The Industrial Revolution supplemented and replaced the muscles of humans and animals by mechanical methods. The computer extends this development to supplement and replace some aspects of the mind of human beings by electronic methods. And it′s the capacity of the computer for solving problems and making decisions that represents its greatest potential and that poses the greatest difficulties in predicting the impact on society.
By using the phrase "the human quality of technology", the author refers to the fact that technology _____________.

A.has a great impact on human life
B.has some characteristics of human nature
C.can replace some aspects of the human mind
D.does not exist in the natural world

答案：D

解析：

语义题。A项在第三段中提到，是用来讲计算机的。B项“技术有人性的一些特征”，明显错误。C项“技术可以取代人类思维的某些方面”，原文没有提及。D项与第二段的“technology is a human creation；it does not exist naturally．"相对应，即技术不是自然的产物，而是人的创造，它需要不断完善的过程。而美国挑战者号航天飞机的爆炸以及俄罗斯切尔诺贝利核泄漏事件就是提醒我们人类技术的脆弱面：当计划好的系统突然出错时，却没有现成的解决办法。故选D。

第5题：

To live in the United States today is to gain an appreciation for Dahrendorf′s assertion that social change exists everywhere. Technology, the application of knowledge for practical ends, is a major source of social change.
Yet we would do well to remind ourselves that technology is a human creation; it does not exist naturally. A spear or a robot is as much a cultural as a physical object. Until humans use a spear to hunt game or a robot to produce machine parts, neither is much more than a solid mass of matter. For a bird looking for an object on which to rest, a spear or robot serves the purpose equally well. The explosion of the Challenger space shuttle and the Russian nuclear accident at Chernobyl drive home the human quality of technology; they provide cases in which well-planned systems suddenly went haywire and there was no ready hand to set them right. Since technology is a human creation, we are responsible for what is done with it. Pessimists worry that we will use our technology eventually to blow our world and ourselves to pieces. But they have been saying this for decades, and so far we have managed to survive and even flourish. Whether we will continue to do so in the years ahead remains uncertain. Clearly, the impact of technology on our lives deserves a closer examination.
Few technological developments have had a greater impact on our lives than the computer revolution. Scientists and engineers have designed specialized machines that can do the tasks that once only people could do. There are those who assert that the switch to an information-based economy is in the same camp as other great historical milestones, particularly the Industrial Revolution. Yet when we ask why the Industrial Revolution was a revolution, we find that it was not the machines. The primary reason why it was revolutionary is that it led to great social change. It gave rise to mass production and, through mass production, to a society in which wealth was not confined to the few.
In somewhat similar fashion, computers promise to revolutionize the structure of American life, particularly as they free the human mind and open new possibilities in knowledge and communication. The Industrial Revolution supplemented and replaced the muscles of humans and animals by mechanical methods. The computer extends this development to supplement and replace some aspects of the mind of human beings by electronic methods. And it′s the capacity of the computer for solving problems and making decisions that represents its greatest potential and that poses the greatest difficulties in predicting the impact on society.
why does the author mention the explosion of the Challenger space shuttle and the Russian nuclear accident at Chernobyl?

A.To show the worry that technology may eventually destroy our world.
B.To tell the readers that as a human creation, technology may go wrong and do harm to human.
C.To emphasize the responsibility we have in ensuring human safety in a technological world.
D.To stress the fact that technology usually goes wrong if not given close examination.

答案：B

解析：

推断题。根据第二段中的“The explosion of the Challenger space shuttle and the Russian nuclear accident at Chernobyl drive home the human quality of technology；they provide cases in which well-planned systems suddenly went haywire and there was no ready hand to set them fight．"可知．美国挑战者号航天飞机的爆炸以及俄罗斯切尔诺贝利核泄漏事件彻底暴露了技术的人性特征。也就是说技术是人为创造出来的，有时也会出错，会对人类造成危害。故选B。A项是悲观者的担忧，而作者不太认同；C项在这句话的后面提到了，且不是该例证的问题；D项中usually一词用的不恰当。

第6题：

Early in the age of affluence that followed World War II,an American retailing analyst named Victor Lebow proclaimed,
“Our enormously productive economy...demands that we make consumption our way of life,that we convert the buying and
use of Eoods into rituals,that we seek our spiritual satisfaction,our ego satisfaction,in consumption...We need things
consumed,burned up,worn out,replaced and discarded at an ever increasing rate.”
Americans have responded to Lebow’s call,and much of the world has followed.Consumption has become a central pillar of life in industrial lands and is even embedded in social values.
Opinion surveys in the world’s two largest economies-Japan and the United States-show consumerist definitions of
success becoming ever more prevalent.
Overconsumption by the world’s fortunate is an environmental problem unmatched in severity by anything but perhaps
population growth.Their surging exploitation of resources threatens to exhaust or unalterably spoil forests,soils,water,air and climate.
Ironically,high consumption may be a mixed blessing in human terms,too.The time-honored values of integrity of
character,good work,friendship,family and community have often been sacrificed in the rush to riches.Thus many in the
industrial lands have a sense that their world,of plenty is somehow hollow-that,misled by a consumerist culture,they have
been fruitlessly attempting to satisfy what are essentially social,psychological and spiritual needs with material things.
Of course,the opposite of overconsumption-poverty-is no solution to either environmental or human problems.It is infinitely worse for people and bad for the natural world too.Dispossessed peasants slash-and-burn their way into the rain forests of
Latin American,and hungry nomads turn their herds out onto fragile African grassland,reducing it to desert.If environmental
destruction results when people have either too little or too much,we are left to wonder how much is enough.What level of
consumption can the earth support When does having more cease to add noticeably to human satisfaction

Apart from enormous productivity,another important impetus to high consumption is___________.《》（）

A.the conversion of the sale of goods into rituals
B.the people’s desire for a rise in their living standards
C.the imbalance that has existed between production and consumption
D.the concept that one’s success is measured by how much they consume

答案：D

解析：

本题考查细节。
题干问的是“除了巨大的生产能力，导致高消费的另一个重要推动力是”文章第3段提到“在日本和美国这两个最大的经济强国，民意调查表明对成功从消费主义角度所下的定义日益得到广泛认同”，由此可见，“成功是由他们高消费多少来衡量的”这一概念对人们的高消费起着重要的推动作用。D选项，个人成功由他消费多少商品衡量这一观念，综上，D选项正确。
A选项，商品的销售转变为一种惯例，不合题意，故排除。
B选项，人们渴望生活水平提高，不合题意，故排除。
C选项，生产和销售之间存在的不平衡，不合题意，故排除。
故正确选项为D。

第7题：

Early in the age of affluence that followed World War II,an American retailing analyst named Victor Lebow proclaimed,
“Our enormously productive economy...demands that we make consumption our way of life,that we convert the buying and
use of Eoods into rituals,that we seek our spiritual satisfaction,our ego satisfaction,in consumption...We need things
consumed,burned up,worn out,replaced and discarded at an ever increasing rate.”
Americans have responded to Lebow’s call,and much of the world has followed.Consumption has become a central pillar of life in industrial lands and is even embedded in social values.
Opinion surveys in the world’s two largest economies-Japan and the United States-show consumerist definitions of
success becoming ever more prevalent.
Overconsumption by the world’s fortunate is an environmental problem unmatched in severity by anything but perhaps
population growth.Their surging exploitation of resources threatens to exhaust or unalterably spoil forests,soils,water,air and climate.
Ironically,high consumption may be a mixed blessing in human terms,too.The time-honored values of integrity of
character,good work,friendship,family and community have often been sacrificed in the rush to riches.Thus many in the
industrial lands have a sense that their world,of plenty is somehow hollow-that,misled by a consumerist culture,they have
been fruitlessly attempting to satisfy what are essentially social,psychological and spiritual needs with material things.
Of course,the opposite of overconsumption-poverty-is no solution to either environmental or human problems.It is infinitely worse for people and bad for the natural world too.Dispossessed peasants slash-and-burn their way into the rain forests of
Latin American,and hungry nomads turn their herds out onto fragile African grassland,reducing it to desert.If environmental
destruction results when people have either too little or too much,we are left to wonder how much is enough.What level of
consumption can the earth support When does having more cease to add noticeably to human satisfaction

It can be inferred from the passage that___________.《》（）

A.human spiritual needs should match material affluence
B.there is never an end to satisfying people’s material needs
C.whether high consumption should be encouraged is still an issue
D.how to keep consumption at a reasonable level remains a problem

答案：D

解析：

本题考查推理判断。
文章最后一段提到“人们消费过多或过少都会破坏环境，我们纳闷究竟多少才算足够。地球能承受什么样的消费水平呢?”D选项，怎样将消费保持在合理的水平依然是个问题，综上，D选项正确。
A选项，人的精神需求应当与物质的富裕保持一致
B选项，人的物质需求永远无法满足，不合题意，故排除。
C选项，高消费是否应受到鼓励仍是个问题，不合题意，故排除。

第8题：

I think that is ( ) for him.

A、very much expensive

B、too much more expensive

C、too much expensive

D、much too expensive

参考答案：B

第9题：

To live in the United States today is to gain an appreciation for Dahrendorf′s assertion that social change exists everywhere. Technology, the application of knowledge for practical ends, is a major source of social change.
Yet we would do well to remind ourselves that technology is a human creation; it does not exist naturally. A spear or a robot is as much a cultural as a physical object. Until humans use a spear to hunt game or a robot to produce machine parts, neither is much more than a solid mass of matter. For a bird looking for an object on which to rest, a spear or robot serves the purpose equally well. The explosion of the Challenger space shuttle and the Russian nuclear accident at Chernobyl drive home the human quality of technology; they provide cases in which well-planned systems suddenly went haywire and there was no ready hand to set them right. Since technology is a human creation, we are responsible for what is done with it. Pessimists worry that we will use our technology eventually to blow our world and ourselves to pieces. But they have been saying this for decades, and so far we have managed to survive and even flourish. Whether we will continue to do so in the years ahead remains uncertain. Clearly, the impact of technology on our lives deserves a closer examination.
Few technological developments have had a greater impact on our lives than the computer revolution. Scientists and engineers have designed specialized machines that can do the tasks that once only people could do. There are those who assert that the switch to an information-based economy is in the same camp as other great historical milestones, particularly the Industrial Revolution. Yet when we ask why the Industrial Revolution was a revolution, we find that it was not the machines. The primary reason why it was revolutionary is that it led to great social change. It gave rise to mass production and, through mass production, to a society in which wealth was not confined to the few.
In somewhat similar fashion, computers promise to revolutionize the structure of American life, particularly as they free the human mind and open new possibilities in knowledge and communication. The Industrial Revolution supplemented and replaced the muscles of humans and animals by mechanical methods. The computer extends this development to supplement and replace some aspects of the mind of human beings by electronic methods. And it′s the capacity of the computer for solving problems and making decisions that represents its greatest potential and that poses the greatest difficulties in predicting the impact on society.
According to the passage, when will a spear or a robot has the quality of technology?

A.When it is utilized by human beings.
B.When it is used to produce new products.
C.When it has some culture meanings as physical object.
D.when it is useful for both man and animal.

答案：A

解析：

细节题。根据第二段中的“Until humans use a spear to hunt game or a robot to produce machine parts，neither is much more than a solid mass of matter．"可知，除非人们用矛去捕获猎物或用机器人去生产机器零件，否则二者都只不过是硬邦邦的物体而已。也就是说只有这些东西为人类所用的时候，它们才具有技术特性，故选A。

第10题：

The reader can conclude that___________.

A.countries of the world will work together on pollution problems
B.byproducts from wastes lead to a more prosperous marketplace
C.science is making great progress on increasing water supplies
D.some industries are now making economic use of wastes

答案：D

解析：

文章最后一段讲了第二种措施，即to develop an economic use ofthe wastes。倒数第二句“Many industries…are currently converting former waste production into marketable byproducts”说明一些行业已经在利用废物获得经济利益。所以选D。

单选题Too much caution in the use of computers will ______ .A prevent the solution of economic problemsB cause more suppression of human freedomC lead to clumsy methods of protectionD interfere with our study of society.

题目

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